The old city of Shanyang

The old city of Shanyang

Shanyang ancient city, located in Qiannan village, Xincheng street, Shanyang District, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, is an ancient city site mainly composed of Han Dynasty relics. Its geographical coordinates are 35 ° 14 ′ 36.98 ″ N and 113 ° 16 ′ 16.05 ″ E

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The old city of Shanyang covers an area of 3 million square meters, with an irregular rectangular plane and a perimeter of about 5000 meters. There is a gate on each side of the city wall, and the foundation of the city is made of rammed earth.

In 1963, the ancient city of Shanyang was announced by the people's Government of Henan Province as the first batch of provincial cultural relics protection units

In 2006, it was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China

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Historical evolution

In the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-771 BC), Yongbo, the prince of Zhou Wen, was granted the kingdom in the old city of Shanyang

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In the spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC), the old city of Shanyang belonged to Jin Dynasty.

In the Warring States period (475-221 BC), Shanyang city belonged to Wei City, which was called Shanyang city at that time.

In the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC), the old city of Shanyang belonged to Xiuwu County, Sanchuan county.

In the Western Han Dynasty (202-8 BC), Shanyang city belonged to Shanyang County, Hanoi Prefecture

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In 220, the 25th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Pi abolished Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and demoted him as Shanyang Duke. Shanyang County was changed into Shanyang duchy

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In the Three Kingdoms (220-280), Shanyang's old city belonged to Shanyang County, Hanoi Prefecture

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In the Western Jin Dynasty (266-316), Shanyang city belonged to Shanyang County, Hanoi Prefecture.

In the later Wei Dynasty (386-534), the old city of Shanyang belonged to Shanyang County, Jijun county.

In the Northern Qi Dynasty (550-577), the old city of Shanyang belonged to Xiuwu County, Jijun county

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In Sui Dynasty (581-618), the old city of Shanyang belonged to Xiuwu County, Hanoi County, Jizhou

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In the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the old city of Shanyang was in ruins

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In Song Dynasty (960-1279), the old city of Shanyang was located in Xiuwu County of huaizhou.

In Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), Shanyang's old city was located in Xiuwu County of Qinnan army in huaizhou city.

In the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), the old city of Shanyang belonged to Xiuwu County, Huaiqing Road, Hebei road.

In the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), the old city of Shanyang was located in Xiuwu County, Huaiqing Prefecture, Henan Province.

In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912), the ancient city of Shanyang belonged to Xiuwu County, Huaiqing Prefecture, Henan Province.

In 1949, the old city of Shanyang was under the jurisdiction of Jiaozuo City

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In 1960, the ancient city of Shanyang was excavated

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Site features

structure

The old city of Shanyang is located in the southeast suburb of Jiaozuo City. It covers an area of 3 million square meters. The plane is irregular rectangular, and the perimeter is about 5000 meters. Most of the city walls are higher than the ground. The north city wall is 1850 meters long, the east city wall is 1350 meters long, the west city wall is 1000 meters long, and the south city wall is only 200 meters long. Each side of the city wall has a gate. The foundation is 30-46 meters wide and the upper part is 14-16 meters wide. It is made of rammed earth and each layer is 100-150 mm thick

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characteristic

The ancient city of Shanyang is located in the hinterland of qinhuaiji in Jizhou during the Xia and Shang Dynasties. There are more than 1000 ancient tombs around it. It is an important material material for studying the burial customs of Han Dynasty. It covers the tombs of various periods of Han Dynasty, with obvious characteristics and clear evolution context. Compared with other Han Dynasty Tombs in China, it has a complete range of representative types

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Cultural relics

The tombs of Sulin and bronze cloth coins of the Warring States period were unearthed in the old city of Shanyang. On the bronze cloth coins of the Warring States period, the character "Shanyang" was engraved with seal script. In July 1986, the pottery pots with inscriptions of "Shanyang" from 206 BC to 220 AD were unearthed. The pottery pots were 18.4 cm high and 13.1 cm in diameter, which provided literature materials for the old city of Shanyang. The pottery storehouse of the Han Dynasty was unearthed, with one floor less, seven floors more and some high In May 2012, Jiaozuo cultural relics team discovered the Yamen District of Shanyang County in the north of the central part of the old city of Shanyang; from December 2009 to March 2010, in order to cooperate with the construction of the main canal of the south to North Water Diversion Project, Jiaozuo cultural relics team excavated six pottery kilns with pottery utensils scattered in them

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Research value

Shanyang ancient city is an ancient city site mainly composed of Han Dynasty relics, which is well preserved. From the city wall, city gate, moat to the Han Dynasty buildings in the city, there are rich relics, which span a long time, and there are traces of relics and historical books. It has historical, scientific, cultural and artistic value for studying the political, economic and cultural development and urban planning of Han Dynasty in Northern Henan.

The unearthed pottery storehouse of Han Dynasty is an important material for the study of Han Dynasty architecture and ancient architectural history. From single building to group building, from high platform building to multi-storey building, from residential building to breeding building, there are many styles, which represent the original appearance of Han Dynasty architecture. The corner Dougong of multi-storey pottery storehouse is the epitome of the development and evolution of high-rise buildings in Han Dynasty Painted pottery storehouse is rare, which is a valuable material for studying ancient architecture.

Shanyang ancient city is the place where Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty lived. Many relics are related to Shanyang Gong Liu Xie. It is an important area to study the history of Shanyang Gong and the culture of the Three Kingdoms

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protective measures

In 1963, the ancient city of Shanyang was announced by the people's Government of Henan Province as the first batch of provincial cultural relics protection units

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In October 2004, the people's Government of Jiaozuo City promulgated the measures for the protection and management of the city site of hanshanyang in Jiaozuo City, which made specific provisions on the protection organization, funds, scope and planning of the old city of Shanyang, so as to legalize the protection of the city site

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In May 2006, the ancient city of Shanyang was announced by the State Council of the people's Republic of China as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units

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In 2009, the national south to North Water Diversion Project changed the route of Jiaozuo section through the old city of Shanyang at a huge cost, and then went around the city to the south, protecting the integrity of the old city of Shanyang

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In 2012, the construction of Shanyang old city protection facilities was included in the construction of national cultural and natural heritage protection facilities in 2012

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In 2013, the construction of Shanyang old city protection facilities was listed as one of the ten livelihood projects of Jiaozuo Municipal People's Government in 2013

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History and culture

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the old city of Shanyang was a military fortress for all vassals to cross the Yellow River, cross Taihang Mountain and store grain and grass. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Kou Xun, a confidant of Emperor Guangwu's Liu Xiu faction, was stationed here to gather food and grass. After being dethroned by the Cao Wei regime, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty Liu Xie lived in Shanyang City, known as Shanyang Duke. It is said that after Liu Xie was demoted to Shanyang, he practiced medicine for the benefit of the people in Shanyang. He went to Yuntai Mountain many times to collect medicine. In the stone carvings in Jishan Pavilion of Baijiayan, there is a picture of Shanyang practicing medicine

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Tourism information

geographical position

Shanyang ancient city is located in Qiannan village, Xincheng street, Shanyang District, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province. Its geographical coordinates are 35 ° 14 ′ 36.98 ″ N and 113 ° 16 ′ 16.05 ″ E

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traffic

There is No.7 Jiaozuo bus passing through the old city of Shanyang.

Address: Qiang Nan village, en village, Shanyang District, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province

Longitude: 113.27768206942

Latitude: 35.243156696559

Chinese PinYin : Shan Yang Gu Cheng