Fenghuangshan revolutionary site

Fenghuangshan revolutionary site

The former site of Fenghuangshan revolution is the former site of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the national key cultural relics protection unit. It is located at the foot of Fenghuangshan mountain, Baota District, Yan'an City. He was one of the revolutionary bases where the first generation of leaders saved the revolutionary achievements and carried out the Anti Japanese war. He was also one of the main historical sites to understand the history of the Anti Japanese war at that time. The seat of the CPC Central Committee from January 13, 1937 to November 20, 1938,

During this period, the CPC Central Committee realized the strategic transformation from the Agrarian Revolutionary War to the Anti Japanese national war, and passed the strategic defense stage of the Anti Japanese war. With the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an Incident and the basic realization of domestic peace, the CPC Central Committee sent a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai to negotiate with the Kuomintang for many times, and finally realized the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China.

In December 2016, the site of Fenghuangshan revolution was listed in the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots.

Introduction to scenic spots

The former site of Fenghuangshan revolution is at the foot of Fenghuangshan in Yan'an City. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De led the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army to Wuqi town (now Wuqi County) in Northern Shaanxi after a long march of 25000 Li, then to Yan'an by Wayaobao (now Zichang County) and Baoan (now Zhidan County) in January 1937. They lived here to lead the Chinese revolution and guide the whole country to carry out the Anti Japanese war.

The former site of Fenghuangshan revolution is located at the foot of Fenghuangshan in Yan'an City. It is the first residence of the CPC Central Committee after it arrived in Yan'an on January 13, 1937. The former residences of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De and the former site of the combat Research Office of the headquarters of the Red Army are open to the outside world.

During this period, the CPC Central Committee held many important meetings, such as the Political Bureau meeting, the National Congress of the CPC, the Luochuan meeting and the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, and made major decisions, such as the strategic transfer from the Agrarian Revolutionary War to the Anti Japanese War, making full political and organizational preparations for the upcoming national anti Japanese war.

Site layout

The courtyard in the north of the former site of Fenghuangshan revolution is divided into two chambers. There is a three hole stone cave in the backyard, the former residence of Comrade Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong lived here from January 1937 to November 1938. In the middle of the cave is the reception room, which is decorated with wooden tables and stools, and on the wall is a picture of Mao Zedong talking with Dr. Bethune; in the southwest of the cave is the office and bedroom, which is decorated with wooden desks, chairs, cabinets, and the net cover Mao Zedong used in that year; in the northeast of the cave is the newspaper room, which is decorated with Kang, wooden long tables and cabinets.

The courtyard in the south of the former revolutionary site of Fenghuang mountain is the former residence of Comrade Zhu De. There is a three hole stone cave facing Southeast in the courtyard, where Zhu De lived from January to September 1937. The South hole is the office. The middle hole is the reception room, which is decorated with wooden tables and benches, and also displays the patched old blanket that Zhu De used in those years. One hole in the north is Zhu De's bedroom and Comrade Zhou Enlai's former residence. At the beginning of 1937, Zhou Enlai lived here when he came back after the Xi'an Incident.

There are two courtyards in the middle of Comrade Mao Zedong's former residence and Comrade Zhu De's former residence. One is the former site of the general staff of the Red Army, and the other is the former site of the central confidential department. The caves and bungalows in the courtyard remain the same.

Revolutionary site

During this period, the CPC Central Committee was in the period of strategic transformation from the Agrarian Revolutionary War to the war of resistance against Japan, and passed the stage of strategic defense of the war of resistance against Japan. In order to meet the Anti Japanese War and carry out the line of comprehensive anti Japanese War, the CPC Central Committee held many important meetings, such as the Luochuan meeting and the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, which promoted the rapid development of various work. Here are the former residences of Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Zhou Enlai and the former site of the general staff of the Red Army. Mao Zedong's former residence is a courtyard from northwest to Southeast. In the courtyard, three rooms on the left are confidential departments, four rooms on the right are kitchens, three stone kilns with one light and two darkness on the front, the cave on the left is Mao Zedong's newspaper room, and the office and dormitory on the right. The general staff of the Red Army is in the south of Mao Zedong's former residence. There are three stone kilns in the front of the courtyard. The chief of staff Liu Bocheng, Teng Daiyuan and Xiao Jingguang once lived here. The big house with a partition door on the right is the war research room. In the northwest corner of the yard, there are several knife handle shaped houses, which are confidential office. The former residence of Zhu De and Zhou Enlai is located diagonally opposite the General Staff Headquarters. There are three hole stone kilns and 10 small green tile houses. The three hole cave on the front was shared by Zhu De and Zhou Enlai at that time.

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held the Political Bureau meeting in March 1937, the party representative meeting of the Soviet Area, the working meeting of the white area, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee and other important meetings here, making full political and organizational preparations for the coming comprehensive anti Japanese war.

From January 1937 to November 1938, Mao Zedong and other central leaders lived here, which was the first residence of the CPC Central Committee in Yan'an. During his residence, Mao Zedong wrote such works as on practice, on contradiction, on protracted war, and against liberalism. He also met with many Chinese and foreign people, such as Bethune and Wei Lihuang. On November 20, 1938, the aircraft of Japanese invading army bombed Yan'an for the first time, and the old city of Yan'an was seriously damaged. The CPC Central Committee, Mao Zedong and other leading comrades immediately moved to Yangjialing, northwest of Yan'an City. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in China.

Old site scenic spot

Fenghuang Mountain has always been a place for garrisons to build villages. There are ruins of zhenxilou, Fenghuang Pavilion, Wenchang Pavilion, LIULANG village and Diqing village on the mountain. The city has a large scale and is well preserved. Mao Zedong led the Chinese Red Army of workers and peasants through the hardships of the long march to Fenghuang mountain, where the revolution continued. Fenghuangshan site is ancient and dangerous. The history of leaders' living and working during the Anti Japanese war makes Fenghuangshan more mysterious.

Opening Hours

It is free of charge and receives 2000 people a day, including 1700 group guests and 300 individual visitors. Scattered tourists can get tickets at the designated windows of each scenic spot. Every Monday is the rest time of the Memorial Hall (except for national statutory festivals).

Transportation guide

Take No.2, No.3, No.4, No.12, No.19 bus in Yan'an City.

Address: Fenghuangshan Road, Baota District, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province

Longitude: 109.48450145992

Latitude: 36.597904779059

Tel: 0911-2112372

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: 8:00-18:00 in peak season; 8:30-17:00 in off season

Daily reception of 3000 people, including 2500 group guests, 500 individual visitors; scattered tourists need to get tickets at the designated window of each scenic spot.

Stop invoice at 16:30 in peak season; stop invoice at 16:30 in off season.

Every Monday is the rest time of the Memorial Hall (except for national statutory festivals).

Chinese PinYin : Feng Huang Shan Ge Ming Jiu Zhi