Former site of wangjiaping revolution

Former site of wangjiaping revolution

Wangjiaping is located in the northwest of Yan'an City, facing the city across the Yan River, with beautiful environment. After the CPC Central Committee was stationed in Yan'an, the Military Commission and headquarters led the army and people in the base area for eight years. After the surrender of the Japanese aggressors, they smashed the all-round attack of the Kuomintang reactionaries. On March 18, 1947, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai led their troops to leave here and fight in Northern Shaanxi. In December 2016, the former revolutionary site of wangjiaping was listed in the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots.

In February 2020, in order to thank the national medical staff for their dedication, the scenic spot will be open free of charge to all medical staff, PLA soldiers and volunteers from all walks of life who participate in the front-line rescue work of "anti epidemic" in Wuhan from the date of the spread of the epidemic to December 31, 2020.

survey

The former revolutionary site of wangjiaping is located in the northwest of Yan'an City, facing the city across the Yan River. In March 1947, after the Kuomintang occupied Yan'an, some of the buildings here were destroyed and restored as they were in 1949. Here you can visit the Military Commission auditorium, the war research room, and the old houses of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai, Wang Jiaxiang, and Ye Jianying. Located at the entrance of the former site of wangjiaping, the Military Commission auditorium is a large tile roofed house with seven tall and spacious rooms and four corners, which can accommodate nearly 1000 people. The auditorium was built in 1943 by the staff of the Military Commission and the headquarters themselves. In those years, some large-scale meetings, parties and other collective activities of the CMC and the headquarters were held here. There are two bungalows in Mao Zedong's reception room to the east of the Military Commission auditorium. On March 24, 1947, Mao Zedong met some comrades of the new fourth brigade here and talked about the issue of defending Yan'an. Mao Zedong's former residence is under the earth slope to the east of Mao Zedong's reception room. There are two stone caves, which are Mao Zedong's office and dormitory. Mao Zedong lived here from January 1946 to March 1947. There is a stone table in front of the door, where Mao Zedong sent his eldest son Mao anying to work in the countryside. Zhu De's former residence is located in the backyard of the general staff of the Military Commission on the west side of the Military Commission auditorium. There are three stone cave facing south. From the right, the first hole is the office, the second hole is the reception room, and the third hole is the dormitory. Huang Hua and other workers once lived in the Sankong cave on the right. From the spring of 1941 to August of 1945, Zhu De lived here. Peng Dehuai's former residence is located in the front yard of the general staff, with three stone caves. In February and March 1947, Peng Dehuai lived here and directed the battle to defend Yan'an. There is a bungalow on the east side of Peng Dehuai's former residence, which is the reference room of the Military Commission, and several other rooms are the conference room of the Military Commission. The heads of the Military Commission often hold meetings here. Ye Jianying's former residence is located on the hillside behind the general staff courtyard. There is a three room flying eaves bungalow. Ye Jianying moved here in 1943 and withdrew from Yan'an in March 1947. Wang Jiaxiang's former residence was on the hillside behind the Military Commission auditorium. It was a stone cave with two holes facing southwest.

Introduction to scenic spots

At that time, the Military Commission organs here included the Secretary Office (later changed to the general office), the combat department, the senior staff office, the Foreign Affairs Section, the combat Research Office, the reference room, the general affairs office, the communications office, etc.; the headquarters organs included the General Staff Department, the General Political Department, etc. Open to the outside world are the Military Commission auditorium, the political department meeting room, the Military Commission meeting room, and the former residences of Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Peng Dehuai. The seven large and spacious tile roofed houses with raised corners are the Military Commission auditorium. It was designed by Wu jichan, a carpenter of 359 brigade, and built in 1943. Large scale meetings, parties and other collective activities of the CMC headquarters are held here. In December 1943, in order to exchange the experience of the mass production movement, the Eighth Route Army headquarters held a meeting here to welcome the labor heroes. Zhu De, on behalf of the headquarters, delivered a welcome speech to the labor hero. He said: the real heroes in the world are the broad masses of working people. In our liberated areas, only by relying on the self-reliance of the masses can we have enough food and clothing today. On August 15, 1945, the army held a meeting here to commemorate the victory of the Anti Japanese war. After the Kuomintang Hu zongnan troops occupied Yan'an, it was occupied by the enemy. On April 20, 1948, when Hu zongnan gave the order to retreat, there was a performance here. Many actors had no time to unload their clothes, so they had to flee with Hu zongnan's troops stationed in Yanchang, which was like a bird in a fright. Therefore, the auditorium was well preserved. Two ordinary bungalows are the meeting rooms of the political department. In January 1946, after Mao Zedong moved from Zaoyuan to wangjiaping, it was the place where Mao Zedong met his guests. On March 14, 1947, before he left Yan'an, Mao Zedong met with Zhang Xianyue, Huang Zhentang, Cheng Yuechang and other responsible comrades of the new fourth brigade of the army defending Yan'an. He had a long talk with them and repeatedly expounded the significance of abandoning Yan'an. The Central Committee decided to give up Yan'an. Many people couldn't figure it out. During the meeting, the comrades excitedly expressed that they would defend the Party Central Committee, Chairman Mao and Yan'an to the death! Mao Zedong said with a smile: your determination is very good, Yan'an is to protect. We lived in Yan'an for 10 years, dug caves, ate millet, learned Marxism Leninism, trained cadres, and guided the Chinese revolution. All China and the world know that there is a Yan'an, and Yan'an can not be left unprotected. However, Yan'an has to be abandoned. Because Chiang Kai Shek mobilized 230000 troops, with the support of the US imperialists, there were airplanes, tanks and cannons, while our army to defend Yan'an was only more than 20000 people, basically millet and rifles. It is difficult for more than 20000 people to wipe out 230000 enemies at once. Using the examples of revolutionary wars in the past, Mao Zedong repeatedly explained that fighting does not lie in the gains and losses of one city and one pool, but in the principle of annihilating the enemy's effective forces. Mao Zedong said that abandoning Yan'an today means liberating Xi'an, Nanjing and the whole of China in the future. Mao Zedong also pointed out that everyone's tactics are "mushroom tactics". It is to lead the enemy's nose around in the valley, drag the enemy fat thin, thin down, and exhausted, and then concentrate the superior forces to annihilate each one. Now our main task is to hold down the enemy and make him trapped here. In addition to you, Mao Zedong and Xinhua, we will stay in Northern Shaanxi together. Chairman Mao's words greatly inspired everyone's confidence. At the end of the day, Mao Zedong told the soldiers to make clear the reason for leaving Yan'an after they went back, telling them that they would return to Yan'an for at least one year and at most two years. Mao Zedong sent his comrades to the door. He shook hands with them on one side and said with a smile on the other: good! Where will we meet next time? Maybe it's not Yan'an. Maybe it's Nanjing, Shanghai or Peking! History has fully confirmed Mao Zedong's brilliant foresight: the Kuomintang occupied Yan'an on March 19, 1947, the Eighth Route Army regained Yan'an on April 22, 1948, the enemy occupied Yan'an for only one year, one month and three days, and Yan'an returned to the hands of the people. In January 1946, Mao Zedong moved from Zaoyuan to wangjiaping. Wang Jiaxiang, director of the political department, once lived in these caves. After the chairman moved in, he gave them to the chairman. Here, Mao Zedong successively wrote such works as "several estimates of the current international situation", "smashing Chiang Kai Shek's attack in a war of self-defense", "concentrating superior forces and annihilating the enemy by all means", and eight of them are included in the selected works of Mao Zedong. In March 1947, Hu zongnan, the Kuomintang, launched a major attack on the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, sending a large number of planes to bomb over wangjiaping, dropping many bombs. At this time, Mao Zedong still sat calmly in the cave and worked. Several security guards repeatedly asked the chairman to go to the air raid shelter. He always said: it doesn't matter. The kiln is fine. It's thick. Just then, guard Shi Guorui picked up a shrapnel from outside and showed it to Mao Zedong. He took the shrapnel, weighed it in his hand and said: This is very good! You can use two kitchen knives. On March 16, the enemy approached the South Gate of Yan'an. At that time, the situation was very urgent. Everyone advised Mao Zedong to leave Yan'an as soon as possible. He said with a smile: never mind, in time, the road facing the sky, half a person, he walked his, I walked mine. He's on that hill, I'm on this hill, there's nothing to be afraid of.

During the Anti Japanese War, in order to prevent the Japanese aircraft from bombing, the staff of the Military Commission and the headquarters, together with the Stoneworkers, dug this air raid shelter, which is more than 50 meters long, 1.2 meters wide and 1.8 meters high. It can be used for public use in air defense. In March 1947, when Kuomintang planes bombed Yan'an, Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai made air defense here. There is also a unique park called Taolin park. Taolin park is an entertainment place opened up and built by the Military Commission and the headquarters when they lived here. It covers an area of 12 Mu and is named after the peach trees in the park. There are open-air dance hall, basketball court, fish pond, club, etc. The former residence of Marshal Zhu De is westward from the Military Commission auditorium. After crossing this small bridge, it is the residence of the general staff. Zhu De's old house is here. In March 1941, marshal Zhu De moved from Yangjialing to live here until he left in August 1945. We can see that there are three caves in the front of the cave. From the right, there are offices, reception rooms and dormitories. During his residence here, marshal Zhu De and Mao Zedong led the Anti Japanese War, rectification movement and mass production movement, prepared for the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and drafted the military report on the battlefield of the liberated areas. He often makes current affairs reports and speeches to military organs. In his basic speech to the Anti Japanese university members, he said: now the Party Central Committee has issued you three treasures: the first one is Lao Chuan tou, the second one is the barrel of a gun, and the third one is the pen. He also encouraged everyone to say: the plants growing up in the greenhouse can't stand the wind and frost. No top quality pure steel can be produced without entering the hot furnace. 　　

Chinese PinYin : Wang Jia Ping Ge Ming Jiu Zhi