Xuehai Academy

Xuehai academy is the only surviving Qing Dynasty Academy in Taipei. It was built in 1837 and is listed as a class III historic site. Xuehai academy is now the ancestral hall of Gao family. The front hall is the former lecture hall, the back hall is the sacrificial hall, and the left and right wing rooms are the academic buildings. It is also the only academy building in Taipei.

Xuehai Academy

Xuehai college is located at 93, Section 2, Huanhe South Road, Wanhua, Taipei, Taiwan. It is one of the five academies in the Taipei Basin in the Qing Dynasty (the other four are Mingzhi academy, Shuren academy, Dengying academy and Mingdao Academy). It is also the only existing academy building in Taipei.

Historical evolution

In the 212 years (1683-1895) when the Qing Dynasty ruled Taiwan, there were as many as 60 academies in Taiwan. According to the order of establishment, Taipei Xuehai Academy was the 43rd Academy.

In 1836, Lou Yun (a native of Shanyin, Zhejiang Province) came to office. The following year, the proposed Academy was built on the North Bank of the ancestral temple in caodianwei. In the same year, it was planned to be built according to the foundation of XiaGu village donated by Lin Guogu. The director was Zhou Zhiren and others. Because of the lawsuit, it was delayed for a few days.

In 1842, Cao Jin (a native of Hanoi, Henan Province, Jieyuan in the 12th year of Jiaqing) was promoted from Fengshan to Danshui. When Cao Jin was appointed to Fengshan, because Fengshan was always suffering from drought, he opened a Jiuqu pond and led down the Danshui River to store water and supply water. As a result, the people's grain harvest increased several times. In order to express his gratitude, he was honored as "Cao Gongzhen" He is an official who is diligent in teaching.

In the 23rd year of Daoguang (1843), Cao Jin donated his salary and continued to complete Lou Yun's unfinished project. The so-called "Lou Yun proposed to build, Cao Jin continued to build" is true. Later, all the information about the construction of Xuehai academy is listed together. Two Tanshui Tongzhi, who had invested time and effort in the Academy, were commended for their meritorious deeds. It took seven years to complete the project. They were originally named Wenjia academy.

In 1847, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, Liu Yunke, visited Taiwan. When he passed by Caohai, he inscribed the plaque of "Xuehai academy" and changed it to Xuehai Academy. In the same year of the plaque, Cao Shigui (a native of Wenshan, Yunnan Province, who was born in the second year of Daoguang) personally served as the president of Xuehai Academy.

The most famous president of Xuehai Academy was Chen Weiying (1811-1869). Local people respected him as "teacher Chen" instead of his name. His residence is called "teacher's residence" (now located at No. 231, section 4, Yanping North Road, Datong District, Taipei City, which is listed as the third level historic site and the largest ancient house in Taipei City). It can be seen that he is admired by people, which is not comparable to the general president.

In 1864, Xuehai Academy was rebuilt and completed the following year. Chen Weiying, President of the Academy, wrote a couplet:

Lack of learning, difficulties in teaching, self reflection and self-improvement

Sea sacrifice in the river after sacrifice, or the original or commission gentleman said this, its duty

The couplet is still high in the main hall, which is a precious historical relic of Xuehai Academy.

During the period of Japanese occupation, the Japanese sold the land to the public as no one owned it. The people of the surname Gao thought that Fengshui was good and it was a beautiful ancient building. They didn't want him to be bought and demolished separately, so they bought it and changed it to the ancestral hall of the surname Gao and called it Youji hall.

Couplet

The ancients could learn from each other;

The sea sacrifice is prior to the river sacrifice, either from the source or commission, and the gentleman said that it should be done.

--Chen Weiying's theme hall in Qing Dynasty

In the Northern Song Dynasty, he was known as a minister;

As a marquis, he built a memorial to Japan.

——Gao Xuanfeng

Detailed introduction

Xuehai academy, formerly known as Wenjia academy, is the only academy building in Taipei. It was built in 1843. In 1847, Liu Yunke, governor of Fujian and Zhejiang provinces, visited Taiwan. He changed his name to Xuehai and named it Xuehai Academy. After the Japanese occupied Taiwan, the land was sold by auction. The people with the surname of Gao took a fancy to this beautiful ancient building and bought it to become their descendants. But Huanhe South Road was widened, and the hall was retracted and newly built. It is open to visitors outside the regular holidays. The Academy was the highest institution of learning in danbei in the Qing Dynasty. It was set up in 1867 (the sixth year of Tongzhi) and the newly established Danshui Confucianism in 1879 (the fifth year of Guangxu).

Xuehai academy, originally known as Wenhai academy, later became Gaojia ancestral hall. Ancestral hall is the meeting place of Chinese traditional families. Chinese family concept is still very strong, and ancestral hall plays a very important role. The front hall is the former lecture hall, the back hall is the sacrificial hall, and the left and right wing rooms are the study rooms. Academy education is an important part of traditional Chinese education, and also the predecessor of today's school education. It has the functions of teaching, sacrifice and residence. Both students and teachers live in the Academy. The content of teaching focuses on the cultivation of personality, not just the teaching of specialized knowledge, and the teaching of modern fine subjects Education is very different.

There is a pair of flagpoles in front of the ancestral hall. If there is a fight on the flagpole, the whole person will have a flagpole. If there is another fight, the champion will have two fights. The roof of the ancestral hall is a curved swallow tail shape. In the past, only Ju people could build a swallow tail shape roof, because Yan Nanfei represents auspiciousness. This kind of roof is southern style, Northern Style roof is flat, and there is no curve. The Forbidden City is Northern Style roof.

The decoration on the roof is cut from the colorful bowls, and the colorful rose patterns on the bowls are put together into various shapes of characters, which are very beautiful. Its roof is made of copper tiles, which are semicircular barrel shaped. In the past, only official residences or temples could use this kind of copper tiles. Once upon a time, there was a concept that the sky was round and the place was round, so the door sill was square, the top of the door was round, the pillars of the hall were round, and the pillars of other places were square.

Xuehai Academy was formerly known as Wenjia academy, "Wenjia" is the nickname of Kau. In 1910, it was changed into the ancestral hall of the GAOs, which is called Youji hall.

In the Qing Dynasty, there were five academies in Taipei

1. Xinzhuang Mingzhi academy reconstructed from Hu zhuoyou's house in Tanshui Tongzhi during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.

2. Xuehai academy built by Cao Jin in 1843.

3. Shuren Academy (later moved to Wenchang temple in DALONGDONG) which was built by Chen YAYING and others in Xianfeng Period.

4. Dengying academy built by Chen Shiju, governor of Gengchen (1880) in the sixth year of Guangxu (now abandoned).

5. Mingdao academy built by Chen Yingkui, Taiwan's political envoy in 1893

Among them, Xuehai academy is the only academy building in Taipei, Taiwan.

In 1864, Chen Weiying, a great scholar of DALONGDONG, succeeded the president of the Academy. He knew that Wang Yong had not enough funds to build some of the dilapidated academies. In October of that year, the construction of the Academy was started, and in 1865, Yichou was completed in May.

During the Japanese occupation period, the function of the Academy disappeared, and the buildings were owned by the government. As a founding Office of the Japanese school, it was once changed into the dormitory of the Japanese army. In the second year of Xuantong, Wu Yongfu won the bid in the open auction. However, due to the good feng shui, Wu's family got the resale through the business of the Gao clan, and the second lecture hall was called Gao's ancestral hall, named youjitang. In the 10th year of the Republic of China, Xinyou (1921 AD) was rebuilt again. Gao Xuanfeng wrote a couplet: "the title of minister has been well-known in the Northern Song Dynasty in the past; he is a marquis, and now he built a memorial to Dongying." Chen Weiying wrote: "learning is insufficient, teaching is difficult; self reflection and self-improvement, the ancients can benefit from each other; sea sacrifice is later, river sacrifice is first; or the original or the Commission, the gentleman said it is the duty. It has a strong contrast in use. In 1974, Huanhe South Road was widened, and the gate and front hall were demolished and rebuilt.

Xuehai academy is a building with three bays, three entrances, two corridors and two dragon guards. After reconstruction, the first entrance is the mountain gate, with three doors on the front, and the door god is painted on it. The second entrance was originally a lecture hall, and later a ancestral hall for the people of the surname Gao. The third entrance is Zhuzi temple. On the left and right sides, the Dragon guards are the learning houses, and there are corridors connecting with the center. In terms of appearance, except for the horseback style of the left and right dragon guards, the other buildings all use swallow tail ridge, but the form has changed a lot.

characteristic

The only Qing Dynasty Academy in Taipei, built in 1837, is a class III historic site. Xuehai academy has become the ancestral hall of Gao family. The front hall is the former lecture hall, the back hall is the sacrificial hall, and the left and right wing rooms are the academic houses. The academy has the functions of teaching, sacrificial and living. Teachers and students live together, and the cultivation of teaching personality is the main factor.

Address: No.93, Section 2, Huanhe South Road, Wanhua District, Taipei

Longitude: 121.495635

Latitude: 25.036395

Chinese PinYin : Xue Hai Shu Yuan