Xiwan Bridge

Xiwan bridge, also known as Macao Taipa bridge, is the third bridge connecting Macao Peninsula and Taipa Island.

Xiwan Bridge

Sai Van bridge is a cross sea passage connecting Macao Peninsula and taitsai island in Macao Special Administrative Region of China. It is located at the entrance of Qianshan waterway and is a part of the southern passage of Macao Special Administrative Region.

The construction of Xiwan bridge started on October 7, 2002;

The whole bridge closure project was completed on August 31, 2004;

The whole bridge was completed on December 9, 2004;

It was put into operation on January 9, 2005.

Xiwan bridge starts from Sun Yat Sen road in the north, crosses Qianshan Road into Haikou and ends at East Asian Games road in the south. The total length of the bridge is 1825 meters, and the main bridge is 400 meters long. The upper deck is a two-way six lane Expressway with a design speed of 80 km / h, and the lower deck is a two-way two lane light rail with a design speed of 70 km / h. The total cost of the project is 560 million Macao dollars.

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Panorama

Construction process

On November 14, 2001, the government of the Macao Special Administrative Region announced the implementation of the plan to build the third Macao Bridge.

In April 2002, the bidding ceremony for the construction project of the third Aoji bridge was held;

On October 7, the foundation laying ceremony of the third Aotai bridge was held and construction started.

On June 22, 2004, the closure of the third Aotai bridge was carried out;

On June 28, the middle span closure project of the West span of the main bridge of the third Aoji bridge was completed; on August 31, the whole bridge closure project of the third Aoji bridge was completed;

On December 7, the third Aotai bridge was officially named "Xiwan bridge";

On December 19, Xiwan bridge was completed and a completion ceremony was held.

On January 9, 2005, Xiwan bridge was put into operation.

Bridge location

Xiwan bridge is located in Macao, China. It is on the Bank of Xiwan Lake in Macao. It starts from the intersection of Hebin new street and Sun Yat Sen road in the north, crosses Qianshan Road into Haikou, ends at taizai island in the South and joins the East Asian Games road.

Architectural design

building structure

Overall layout

Xiwan bridge is composed of main bridge on water, approach bridges at both ends, two "m" shaped pylons, piers and their interchange ramps. The main bridge section is arranged from northwest to Southeast.

 

Design concept

Xiwan bridge is a harp double tower cable-stayed bridge with good wind resistance and large torsion resistance. The main tower adopts the "m" shape, which is the first in the world and has a unique meaning

1. "M" is the first letter of Macao, which is also the Roman numeral "III" and Arabic numeral "3", implying the third bridge;

2. The shape of "m" is similar to the landmark of "Da San Ba" in Macao, implying that the three islands of Macao are closely connected.

3. The pier is like two blooming lotus petals, echoing with the symbol of "Lotus" of Macao Special Administrative Region, which is full of Macao local characteristics.

 

Design features

Xiwan bridge is designed to be a double deck bridge open to traffic all day. The upper deck is open to cars. The lower deck is planned to have two-way two line light rail and car lane in the long term. In case of typhoon and other emergencies, the upper deck traffic will be closed and the lower deck traffic will be opened.

Design parameters

The Xiwan bridge is 1825m long, and the main bridge over the water is 400m long. It adopts (110 + 180 + 110m) span layout, the North approach adopts (5x60 + 2x60m) span layout, and the south approach adopts (9x60 + 7x60 + 45m) span layout. The upper deck is 14.55m wide, the lower deck is 8m wide, and there are 1.0m wide sidewalks on both sides. The main girder is 6.13m high, the standard section of roof is 14.55m wide, the tower is reduced to 12.95m within 6m, the side span is 18.8m, the width is from 14.55m to 12.95m; the bottom slab is 10.3M wide, the top slab is 0.30m thick, the bottom slab is 0.4m thick, and the web is 0.50m thick. The main tower is 84.883 meters high, 35 meters wide across the bridge and 5.5 meters wide along the bridge; the section of three tower columns of each tower is 5.5 meters wide along the bridge and 3 meters wide across the bridge, the side wall thickness of the middle tower column is 0.5 meters, the cross wall thickness is 0.6 meters, the wall thickness of the side tower column is 0.5 meters, and the cross arm thickness is 0.6 meters. The outline size of the lower crossbeam is 4 m x 4 m, the thickness of the top and bottom plates is 0.6 m, the thickness of the web is 1.0 m, and a 1.2 m thick partition wall is set at the fulcrum. The arch section is 5.5m wide, 8.443m to 22.443m high, with top plate thickness of 0.3m, bottom plate thickness of 0.4m and web thickness of 0.4m. There are 96 stay cables in the whole bridge, the longest is about 98m, the shortest is about 40m, and the single strand cable weighs 5.1T.

 

 

Equipment and facilities

Lighting facilities

In the lighting facilities of Xiwan bridge, the long-term energy-saving LED lighting source produced in the United States is used for the bridge landscape outline lighting system to increase the viewing effect of night scenery.

 

Operation

Fare system

On January 9, 2005, Xiwan bridge was put into operation, and the whole bridge section was free of charge.

 

Traffic matters

On November 28, 2005, in accordance with Article 50 (5) of the basic law of the Macao Special Administrative Region and after consulting the Executive Council, the government of the Macao Special Administrative Region formulated relevant regulations for the Xiwan bridge.

 

limit

1、 It is not allowed to carry out driving teaching on the Xiwan bridge, and animals, non motor vehicles, wheeled or metal tracked vehicles, wheeled tractors and industrial machinery are not allowed to pass.

 

2、 Only light buses are allowed in the lower lane;

3、 On the upper deck, the speed is 80 km / h and 40 km / h;

4、 Lower lane and approach bridge, speed 40 km / h and 20 km / h.

prohibit

It is prohibited to carry out the following matters on the Xiwan bridge:

 

（1） Parking or parking;

（2） Turn around;

（3） Reversing;

（4） Use high beam;

（5） Pedestrian traffic.

Construction achievements

Technical problems

In view of the small area of Macao Special Administrative Region, the coastal areas at both ends of the Xiwan bridge can provide sites for large-scale bridge construction, and the limited ridge tail. In addition, the local construction materials and labor supply capacity in Macao are insufficient. The construction of the upper main girder structure of the bridge is organized by the prefabricated assembly method, and the main construction site is arranged on the west coast of Hengqin not far from the bridge site. This site belongs to the emperor to be developed and utilized in Zhuhai City at that time, so it is convenient and economical to rent it as the construction site. Therefore, the main work of steel structure processing, water concrete supply, girder segment prefabrication of the bridge is completed in this place, and then floating to the bridge site for assembly and installation with the help of ships, which reduces the amount of offshore work, not only protects the environment, but also speeds up the construction period, and greatly reduces the project investment.

 

Scientific research achievements

Honorary recognition

Cultural characteristics

stamp

On March 23, 2005, Macao issued the "Xiwan bridge" stamp < I (s063) < / I, a complete set of two kinds, the pictures are close-up and long-range view of the bridge respectively; another sheetlet < I (b057) < / I, showing the panoramic view of the bridge, the stamp takes the "m" shaped main tower as the picture, and there are plane diagram, box girder section diagram, outline map from different perspectives, and Macao tourist tower on the side paper. At the same time, new mail < I (C194) < / I is enabled.

 

currency

In 2009, after the completion of the Xiwan bridge, Atlantic bank issued 50 Macao dollars to commemorate the completion of the Xiwan bridge.

Olympic Torch Relay

On April 26, 2007, the Organizing Committee of Beijing Olympic Games announced the planned route of the 29th Olympic torch relay at the Beijing Millennium Monument. Among them, Xiwan bridge is one of the routes of the torch relay in Macao Special Administrative Region.

 

Value significance

Xiwan bridge, with its magnificent, straight and majestic posture, stands firmly on the treasure island of Macao, just like a soaring dragon lying in the South China Sea. It has become a new landscape of the Macao Special Administrative Region, improved the traffic pattern of the Macao Special Administrative Region, and strongly promoted the economic development of Macao. At the same time, its successful practice enriches the bridge type, and provides engineering examples for the design of similar bridges in China in the future . < I (review of bridge construction) < / I

 

Address: between Macao Peninsula and Taipa Island

Longitude: 108

Chinese PinYin : Xi Wan Da Qiao