Taipei Palace Museum

Taipei Palace Museum is a famous museum of history, culture and art history in Taiwan. It is located beside Shuangxi, outside the Shilin District of Taipei. The whole building is built close to the mountain, which is a traditional Chinese palace architectural form, solemn and elegant, full of traditional color. About 600000 pieces of cultural relics and treasures are collected in the museum. Part of the collection will be displayed in the exhibition hall, which will be replaced every three months. From time to time, various special exhibitions will be held (exhibition information can be browsed) http://www.npm.gov.tw/zh-TW/ ）。 In addition to visiting rare cultural relics, the museum also has "Zhishan garden" and "Zhide garden" imitating the courtyard style of song and Ming Dynasties, and Mr. Zhang Daqian memorial hall is also located here.

Taipei Palace Museum is located by the mountains and by the water. It has a unique geographical location. Its magnificent buildings are even more magnificent against the backdrop of green mountains.

The three treasures of the National Palace Museum in Taipei are meat shaped stone, Cuiyu cabbage and MaoGong Ding. Cuiyu cabbage and meat shaped stone are exquisite handicrafts with lifelike shapes. MaoGong Ding is the most important one with inscriptions so far, which is rare in the world According to the number of words in the inscription, one or two gold can be added to one word.

If you don't have time to visit the Forbidden City in other parts of Taipei in the morning, you can choose to visit the Forbidden City at night. The Forbidden City will open in the near future. Please refer to the official website of the Forbidden City in Taipei for details.

Taipei Palace Museum

Taipei Palace Museum is a large-scale comprehensive museum in China and one of the three major museums in China. It is also an important research center for ancient Chinese art history and Sinology. It is the largest museum in Taiwan Province.

The Taipei Palace Museum is located at 221, Section 2, Zhishan Road, Shilin District, Taipei City, Taiwan Province. It was built in 1962 and completed in the summer of 1965. It covers a total area of about 16 hectares. In order to imitate the traditional Chinese palace architecture, the main building has four floors, white walls and green tiles, and the main courtyard is plum shaped. The square in front of the courtyard stands five six column skyscrapers. The whole building is solemn and elegant, full of Chinese characteristics.

In the Palace Museum of Taipei, there are old royal collections of the Palace Museum, Nanjing Palace Museum, Shenyang Palace Museum, Chengde summer resort, Summer Palace, Jingyi garden and Guozijian. The bronzes of Shang and Zhou dynasties, jade, ceramics, ancient books, famous paintings and inscriptions are rare treasures. The exhibition hall changes its exhibits every three months. By the end of 2014, the museum had a collection of more than 696000 cultural relics.

In October 2015, to celebrate the 90th birthday of the Palace Museum in Beijing, the Taipei Palace Museum borrowed 11 paintings from the Beijing Palace Museum and other merchants, which coincided with the 300 year visit of Italian missionary Lang shining. The exhibition fully demonstrated the achievements and contributions in the history of cultural exchanges between China and the West in the 18th century. The exhibition ended on January 6, 2016.

In the early morning of August 12, 2019, a smoke accident occurred in the air conditioning room on the third floor of the South courtyard of the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Fortunately, the cultural relics were not affected

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Development history

Beiping was founded

In 1911, Emperor Puyi abdicated. At the beginning of the founding of the Republic of China, Puyi and the government of the Republic of China signed the conditions for preferential treatment of Qing Dynasty. The title of the Qing emperor still exists. The Qing emperor temporarily lives in the Forbidden City and later moves to the summer palace

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In 1914, the government of the Republic of China moved the relics of Rehe summer resort and Shenyang Palace Museum to the outer court of the Forbidden City, and set up an "antiquities Exhibition Center" for open visit

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In November 1924, Emperor Puyi of the Qing Dynasty was expelled from the Forbidden City by Feng Yuxiang. During the period when Puyi lived in the Forbidden City, more than 1200 fine paintings and calligraphy, rare ancient books and a large number of treasures were lost due to rewards, old ministers' borrowing, auction and pawn. Later, the Qing Dynasty aftercare Committee was set up in the Forbidden City to sort out the cultural relics in the palace

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In September 1925, the Qing Dynasty antiquities preservation Committee was established, with Li Shi as its chairman. The Qingshi Rehabilitation Committee formulated the provisional memorandum of association of the Palace Museum, the articles of association of the provisional board of directors of the Palace Museum and the articles of association of the provisional Council of the Palace Museum. On October 10, the "National Palace Museum" was established in the Forbidden City of Beijing (there was no president at this time), which was the predecessor of the "National Palace Museum"

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In June 1928, Jing Hengyi, a member of the national government committee, proposed to abolish the Palace Museum, set up a committee to deal with adverse production and sell off cultural relics of the Palace Museum, and proposed to set up another "National Central Museum" in Nanjing. Later, with the opposition of Zhang Ji, chairman of the antiquities preservation Committee, Jing Hengyi's first two plans failed. At the same time, he sent Yi Peiji to take over the Palace Museum, announced the organic law of the Palace Museum and the regulations of the Council of the Palace Museum, and took over the first president in February of the next year

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Moving south during the Anti Japanese War

On the eve of the Anti Japanese War, the Palace Museum chose important cultural relics to move south.

In 1931, after Japan launched the September 18th Incident and occupied Northeast China, the national government began to plan to transport the cultural relics of the museum to the south. The next year, the Japanese army captured Rehe and pushed into Beiping. The Council of the Palace Museum asked the museum to select the best cultural relics to be stored in boxes and began to transport them to the south.

On February 6, 1933, Beiping was under martial law, and the situation in North China was in a critical state. The first batch of cultural relics moved to the South arrived in Shanghai. During this period, there were five batches of 19557 cases of cultural relics, including 6066 cases of cultural relics from the antiquities Exhibition Center, the summer palace, the Imperial College and other institutions. In February of the next year, the Provisional Regulations on the organization of the national Beiping Palace Museum was promulgated. The Palace Museum was transferred to the Executive Yuan and Ma Heng was appointed president.

In December 1936, the cultural relics moved to the South were transferred from Shanghai to Nanjing.

In January 1937, the Nanjing Branch of the Palace Museum, the Central Museum, was officially established. In August, the Songhu battle broke out in Shanghai, and the first batch of 80 cases of Nanjing Cultural Relics moved to Changsha by Zhuang Shangyan and others, and then to Anshun, Guizhou in November the next year

Temporary (transported to Baxian County, Sichuan Province in 1944).

In November 1937, the second batch of 9369 cartons were transported by water to Hankou via the Yangtze River; in May 1939, they were moved to Yichang, Chongqing and Leshan, Sichuan. The third batch of 7286 boxes of cultural relics were transported from nazhiliang to Baoji, Shaanxi Province by Longhai railway; in July 1939, they were transported to Chengdu by truck via Hanzhong, and then transported to the ancient temple of Emei for resettlement, and the Emei Office of the Palace Museum was established. About 2900 boxes of cultural relics, which were finally moved south to Nanjing, were stranded in Nanjing because they were too late to be transported. After the fall of Peiping, there were still many cultural relics left in the Palace Museum. During the fall of Peiping, we continued to count the unregistered cultural relics and collected a number of precious cultural relics

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Cultural relics moved to Taiwan

After the end of the Anti Japanese War, hang Liwu demanded many precious books and works of art from Japan, which were then transported to Taiwan. It contains 2972 cases of Beiping Palace Museum, 852 cases of calligraphy, painting, porcelain and jade in the Central Museum, plus 5422 cases of rare books and treaty archives of the Ministry of foreign affairs from the "national Beiping library". In the late period of the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, hang Liwu was responsible for the rush transportation of these national treasures to Taiwan. The government of the Republic of China originally planned to transport the cultural relics to Taiwan five times, but due to the sudden change of the war situation, only three times.

In 1945, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the cultural relics moved to the South were first transported to Chongqing.

In June 1947, the cultural relics moved to the South were transported back to Nanjing by water from Chongqing, and all of them arrived in December.

In 1948, the victory of the people's Liberation War was imminent, and the national government ordered the Palace Museum to select valuable cultural relics to be transported to Taiwan by warships. The national government began to transport the cultural relics of the National Palace Museum, the cultural relics of the Preparatory Office of the National Central Museum, the rare books of the National Central Library, the archaeological cultural relics of the Institute of history and language of Academia Sinica, and the archives of the Ministry of foreign affairs to Taiwan, and set up the central cultural relics joint depository. On December 27, the first batch of 772 cases of cultural relics (including 320 cases of cultural relics from the National Palace Museum, 212 cases from the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum, 120 cases from the Institute of history and language of Academia Sinica, 60 cases from the Central Library and 60 cases of important archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) were transported to Keelung port by Zhongding ship. The Nanjing national government also ordered Ma Heng, the president of the Palace Museum who stayed in Beiping, to pack the cultural relics left in Beiping and air them to Nanjing in batches. President Ma delayed packing for various reasons, so that none of them was shipped away.

On January 6, 1949, the second batch was shipped out by China Merchants Hai Hu ship on January 6 and arrived in Keelung on January 9, with a total of 3502 boxes (including 1680 boxes for the National Palace Museum, 486 boxes for the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum, 856 boxes for the Institute of history and language of Academia Sinica, 462 boxes for the Central Library and 18 boxes for the Ming and Qing maps of Beiping Library). The third batch of cultural relics was shipped out by the warship Kunlun on January 29 and arrived at Keelung port on February 22, with a total of 1244 cases. For the third time, it was originally planned to carry 2000 cases (including 1700 cases for the National Palace Museum, 150 cases for the Preparatory Office of the central Museum and 150 cases for the Central Library), but as soon as the warship arrived at the naval headquarters, his family members got on board first, so hang Liwu had to find the naval commander GUI Yongqing to solve the problem, and finally ordered the demolition However, due to the limited shipping space, only 1244 cases (including 972 cases from the National Palace Museum and the Central Museum) could be transported out

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