zhangjiajie national forest park

Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is famous for its unique quartz sand peak forest landform, which integrates "majestic, strange, quiet, wild and beautiful". Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is famous for its unique peaks, secluded valleys and beautiful forests. There are 3000 stone peaks with different shapes, deep valleys and murmuring streams. In spring, the mountain flowers are brilliant and fragrant; in summer, the cool wind is the best way to avoid the summer; in autumn, the mountains are covered with red leaves and fruits; in winter, the mountains are covered with snow and white. The park is an ideal destination for tourism, vacation and leisure due to its pleasant climate and different sceneries throughout the year.

zhangjiajie national forest park

Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is located in Zhangjiajie City, Northwest Hunan Province. On September 25, 1982, with the approval of the State Council of the people's Republic of China, the original Zhangjiajie forest farm was officially named "Zhangjiajie National Forest Park", which is also the first National Forest Park in China. In December 1992, it was listed in the world natural heritage list by the United Nations because of its peculiar quartz sandstone peak forest. In February 2004, it was listed in the World Geopark. The total area of the park is 4810 hectares.

The natural scenery of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is famous for its peak, valley and forest. Among them, there are more than 3000 odd peaks, such as people, such as animals, such as utensils, such as things, vivid, magnificent momentum, known as "3000 odd peaks, 800 beautiful water".

The main scenic spots are jinbianxi, yuanjiajie, yangjiajie, etc.

Historical evolution

On November 24, 1934, the second and sixth corps of the Red Army liberated Dayong county and established the "Dayong County Revolutionary Committee". Zhangjiajie is under the jurisdiction of Dayong County Revolutionary Committee.

In 1949, after the founding of new China, Dayong county government set up Zhangjiajie Township and retreated Zhangjiajie township to Banping township.

In 1958, Dayong county government set up a forest farm in Zhangjiajie, named state-owned Zhangjiajie forest farm.

In 1982, the State Council named the state-owned Zhangjiajie forest farm as China's first National Forest Park, known as "Hunan Dayong Zhangjiajie National Forest Park". The title of Zhangjiajie was first recognized by the central government.

In 1989, the State Council approved the establishment of Wulingyuan District (county) people's Government in Zhangjiajie City. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is under the jurisdiction of Wulingyuan District.

In December 1992, Wulingyuan area, with Zhangjiajie National Forest Park as the core, was listed in the world natural heritage list by the United Nations for its unique quartz sandstone peak forest.

In February 2004, it was listed as a World Geopark.

In 2007, it was awarded the first batch of 5A tourist areas in China.

geographical environment

position

Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is located in the eastern part of Wuling mountains. It is mountainous and the terrain inclines from northwest to Southeast. Doupeng mountain in the northwest of Sangzhi County is 1890 meters above sea level, which is the highest in the city.

climate

It belongs to the north subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 17 ℃, an average temperature of 5.1 ℃ in January, an average temperature of 28 ℃ in July, and an annual precipitation of 1400mm. Zhiliu railway runs through the territory, trunk roads cross the territory, and Zhangjiajie airport. Tourist attractions include Wulingyuan scenic spot, Jiutiandong and Badagong mountain in Sangzhi County, maoyanhe river rafting and Tianmen Mountain in Yongding District, Wulei mountain in Cili County, yuhuangdong grottoes and Puguang temple in Yongding District. There are Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, SUOXIYU nature reserve, Tianzishan nature reserve, Badagongshan nature reserve, Tianmenshan National Forest Park, etc. The memorial sites include the starting point of the Red Army's Long March, the former residence of Helong, the Revolutionary Committee of Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou Province of the Chinese Soviet Republic, and the former site of the provincial military region. Hollywood once came to Zhangjiajie to take pictures. The pictures were watched by director Cameron and used in the movie Avatar.

The park has more than 3000 Qifeng, rich in forest plants and wildlife resources, with a forest coverage rate of 98%, known as the "natural museum and natural botanical garden", forming a perfect natural ecosystem.

The park belongs to the middle subtropical climate zone, with high mountains, valleys and dense forests, which make the park warm in winter and cool in summer. The annual average temperature is 12.8 ℃, the average maximum temperature in summer is 16.8 ℃, the average minimum temperature in winter is 9.6 ℃. The air in the park is fresh and contains high negative oxygen ions. It makes the human body feel very comfortable. It is an ideal place for leisure and summer.

landforms

The landform of sandstone peak forest in Zhangjiajie is a unique landform and natural geographical feature, which is developed in Yuntaiguan formation and huangjiadeng formation of Devonian system. The concentrated distribution area of peak forest is 86 square kilometers. It is a unique landform which is rarely seen in the world under the conditions of specific geological structure, specific neotectonic movement and external force. There are more than 3000 stone cliffs in the park, among which more than 1000 are more than 200 meters high. Jinbianyan is 350 meters high. Its individual forms include Fangshan, terrace, peak wall, peak cluster, peak forest, Shimen, Tianshengqiao, canyon, ZhangGu, etc. The park takes the unique sandstone peak forest landscape in the world as the core, the karst landscape as the background, and a large number of geological relics such as formed geological sections and special fossil producing areas, forming a unique sandstone peak forest landscape combination.

natural resources

There are 517 species of woody plants in 93 families in Zhangjiajie, more than twice as many as in Europe. From the perspective of precious tree species, there are Davidia involucrata (also known as "dove flower in China" by foreigners) under the first-class national protection, Campanula sinensis, Ginkgo biloba, Emmenopterys, Liriodendron chinense, Phoebe Fraxinus, Eucommia ulmoides, Cyclocarya paliurus, Maoer excrement (a tertiary relic tree species), silver magpie, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, etc. under the second and third-class national protection . From the perspective of plant classification, there are five famous families in the world, such as Compositae, Orchidaceae, Leguminosae, Rosaceae, Gramineae, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. In terms of local tree species, Zhangjiajie Park accounts for 27.67% of the tree species in Hunan Province. In terms of the number of families under its jurisdiction, it also accounts for 81.78% of the total number of families in Hunan Province, which shows that it is rich! Here, the local tree species are Ailanthus altissima, Populus davidiana and Populus chuanehuensis; xuanchangnan, runnan, xuanchangmujiangzi and Houzhang belong to Lauraceae; Acer acerifolia and Acer fangxianensis belong to Aceraceae, bladder fruit belongs to Oleaceae; shanbaiguo belongs to Corylaceae; Magnolia Carthami, Machilus leucocephala, Manglietia badongensis and Eriobotrya belong to Magnoliaceae; Castanea mollissima and Melilotus belong to elaeaceae The results show that there are three kinds of plants in the world, i.e. zhucha, Wuteng, shuangdunmu, Gali and so on. In addition, there are also Cephalotaxus fortunei, which belongs to the family trilobaceae in gymnosperms.

The plants in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park can be divided into seven categories: oil plants, medicinal plants, fiber plants, aromatic plants, starch sugar plants, tanning plants and ornamental plants. Oil plants include Camellia oleifera, Castanea mollissima, tanli, guangpi tree, wild walnut, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, etc. Oil plants, in addition to edible parts, also have industrial oils, such as tung oil tree, Sapium sebiferum, Acer negundo, Coriaria, Rhus chinensis, Litsea cubeba, Cinnamomum mongholicum, etc. There are hundreds of medicinal plants, such as Gastrodia elata, Eucommia ulmoides, Phellodendron amurense, Magnolia officinalis (mountain Lotus), Huanglian, Hedysarum aestivum, goose palm Venus, etc. Fiber plants include poplar, Wutong, Mao Ruixiang, hibiscus mutton, small tree, chemical, Fengyang, wild walnut, green camphor wood, mountain oil hemp, Pueraria lobata, kudzu vine, Akebia, Caulis Caulis, and many kinds of bamboos. Sugar and starch plants are mainly Pueraria, fern, kiwifruit, wild grape, sizhaohua, chestnut, imitation chestnut, Castanea, Quercus, shanbaiguo, Chuanbang, elm, mulberry, Jinyingzi, etc. Tanning plants mainly include Rhus chinensis, Populus tomentosa, Saposhnikovia, Quercus variabilis, Phellodendron chinense, etc. Ornamental plants include five color flowers, Rhododendron, jujinghua, Houpu (mountain Lotus), Qingfu, Magnolia and Magnolia, lobster, camellia, chrysanthemum, peach, plum, and wild flowers.

Main attractions

Yuan Jiajie

Yuanjiajie is located in the northern foot of SHANDAOGOU, which is a mountain mainly composed of quartzite. It is a scenic spot in Zhangjiajie park. From zicaotan of jinbianxi to SHANDAOGOU on the left, you can go up to yuanjiajie, along the edge of yuanjiajie platform, around the trail, you can also go down to the meeting place of jinbianxi, or from yuanjiajie to Tianzishan and yangjiajie. From the upper yuanjiajie of SHANDAOGOU, we roam along the top edge of the cliff to Zhongping "the first bridge in the world". The stone bridge is only 3 meters wide, 5 meters thick, with a span of about 50 meters and a relative height of nearly 400 meters. The first bridge in the world and couple rock are called "Zhangjiajie double unique". Tianzi mountain is named after Xiang Dakun, the leader of the peasant uprising in the early Ming Dynasty. He is near SUOXIYU in the East, Zhangjiajie in the South and Sangzhi County in the north. It is one of the four major scenic spots in Wulingyuan District. It is located in the highest part of the "Golden Triangle", with the highest altitude of 1262.5 meters (kunlun peak) and the lowest altitude of 534 meters (shilanyu).

Jin Bianxi

Jinbianxi is the core scenic spot of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, named after jinbianyan.

With a total length of 5710 meters, Jinbian river is the most beautiful boundary of Wulingyuan. After entering Zhangjiajie Forest Park, walk about 300 meters to the entrance of Jinbian river.

The main sceneries are drunken arhat, Shenying Hubian, jinqiyan, Huaguo Mountain, shuilian cave, Qishan Jiumu, Qianli meeting, nanmuping, shuirao, etc.

Yang Jiajie

Yangjiajie scenic spot is located in the northwest of Wulingyuan scenic spot, connecting with Zhangzhou in the East

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jia Jie Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan