Baguatian Ruins Park

Located at the south foot of Yuhuang mountain, the eight trigrams field is a unique farmland shaped like the eight trigrams. It is said that in order to show that the emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty shared the hardships with the people, he chose a piece of good land at the foot of the Jade Emperor mountain, made eight regular symmetrical corners, divided the field into eight pieces and cultivated it by himself. In the middle was a mound shaped like tai chi. Hundreds of years have passed and the history has changed several times, but this ancient field has been completely preserved and is still under cultivation. Bagua fields also have different colors because of different farm objects planted throughout the year. Let's say that this summer, corn, cowpeas, cucumbers, sunflowers, yellow, green and red soil are especially beautiful.

Baguatian Ruins Park

Baguatian site park was once the site of the imperial land of the Southern Song Dynasty. With a total area of more than 90 mu, it is located at the southern foot of Yuhuang mountain in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, adjacent to Nanfu road in the East, Huyu Road (ceramic market) in the South and Baiyun road in the West.

Jitian is the epitome of farming culture in ancient China, and Bagua Tian is the place where emperors attached importance to agricultural production through sacred rituals.

Landscape of baguatian

The eight trigrams field has eight corners, dividing the field into eight hills. There are eight different crops on the eight hills. Throughout the year, eight crops show eight different colors. In the middle of the eight hills, there is a round mound, which is a Taiji picture of half Yin and half Yang.

History of baguatian

Historical records

Baguatian site used to be the site of the imperial Jitian in the Southern Song Dynasty. Jitian is the epitome of farming culture in ancient China. It is also the place where the ancient emperors attached importance to agricultural production through sacred rituals. The Bagua field first appeared in the Ming Dynasty. According to the records of the West Lake tour, there is song Yitian in the scenic spot of Nanshan. Under the Tianlong temple, Zhongfu has a round plan, surrounded by Goucheng, which is in the shape of Bagua. It is commonly known as Jiugong Bagua field, and it is still in disorder. In the first month of 1143, the 13th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhao Gou, the Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, adopted the proposal of the officials of the Ministry of rites to open up the land of origin in the southern suburb of the capital of the state (the current baguatian site). When plowing in the spring every year, the emperor's relatives led the civil and military officials to do the "ceremony of origin" and held the plough three times to sacrifice the ancestors. In the Ming Dynasty, baguatian gradually became a famous scenic spot in Hangzhou. Gao Lian, a famous scholar, recorded the beautiful scene at that time in his book Si Shi You Shang Lu. In the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Ruan e, a tixue envoy, built Taiji Pavilion in Fushang (Zhongfu Guiyuan), the former site of Qiujiao in Song Dynasty. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Nie Zhengtang, the magistrate of the county, rebuilt the Tai Chi Pavilion, which is no longer there. Since the Ming Dynasty, Jitian has been cultivated by nearby residents as good farmland.

After entering the 1990s, the situation of baguatian is not optimistic. The dirty and poor environment built up by the surrounding gray buildings, noisy markets and seriously polluted storage and processing places obliterates the fertile soil which was once a holy land in the marketplace, and environmental remediation is imperative. In 2007, Hangzhou municipal Party committee and government launched the comprehensive renovation project of Yuhuang mountain south. The project covers an area of 98178 square meters, and the renovation mainly includes three parts: infrastructure repair, greening enrichment and adjustment, crop configuration and cultural display. Infrastructure repair includes land leveling, construction of four wooden bridges and 300 M2 buildings, laying of 6400 M2 Garden Road and wooden plank road, construction of 4200 M2 barge ridge and retaining wall, and installation of weak current, water supply and drainage, monitoring and other infrastructure management systems. The project renovation is based on the principles of protecting the site, renovating the environment, and excavating the cultural tourism and leisure resources. On the basis of maintaining the original plane pattern of Yinyang fish in the middle of the Tubu and the octagonal outside, it carries out protective renovation on the Bagua field, so as to restore its natural style of "taking advantage of the field" by the emperor during the Southern Song Dynasty, and create an agricultural science park showing the farming culture And historical and cultural heritage park. After renovation, baguatian ruins park is divided into four parts: main entrance square area, ancient ruins protection area, farming culture experience area and farming culture exhibition area.

Main entrance square area

A relief wall is set at the south entrance of baguatian ruins park. The 6.06m-long Fujian Qingshi is used to engrave the whole scene process of the Southern Song Dynasty Emperor's Pro farming ceremony and the ceremony of land registration. It can be seen that the ceremony was grand and solemn.

Ancient site protection area: in this environmental renovation, the green vegetation in the ancient site area was appropriately enriched and adjusted according to the original Taiji pattern of yin yang fish at the central platform based on the principle of "following the history and protecting the site". The cultivation of crops in baguatian is based on the demonstration of farming culture. Considering the site environment, the natural law of crop growth and the development and evolution of "nine valleys" in the Southern Song Dynasty, the cultivation area is divided into the core area, the central area and the peripheral area. The central area covers an area of 5 mu, mainly planting Longjing tea and other crops with local characteristics of Hangzhou as well as some time flowers; the peripheral area of 15 mu is now equipped with purple and green cabbage and other economic vegetables; the central area covers an area of 20 mu, which is the largest area. At present, indica rice, glutinous rice, soybean, eggplant, mung bean, millet, red pepper, kidney bean and other crops are planted according to the hexagram position. A large number of trees and shrubs were planted around the four sides of Bagua field for soft isolation. Wild water bamboo, reed, lotus and other aquatic plants were planted on the water surface. The greening area of the project reached 106720 m2.

Farming culture experience area

It is composed of a small square of time service map in the form of compass, a Jingshi Road showing the song of waiting for Fengren in the December festival of farmers, and a Jingqiang gallery with 23 farming maps made by Emperor Kangxi. Among them, the "timing map" directly shows the ancient agricultural production knowledge to the citizens and tourists; twelve ballad like poems with fluent, concise and easy to understand are used on the Jingshi channel of Fengren song in December festival to show the knowledge of seasons and farming; the "23 cultivated map poems made by Kangxi Emperor" on the Jingqiang corridor is the most popular among the palace prints in Qing Dynasty The most influential ones are soaking seeds, ploughing and pulling seedlings To harvest, warehouse, God worship and other whole farming process, scenes are real and vivid.

Agricultural culture exhibition area

The agricultural culture exhibition area mainly displays the real objects and Atlas of agricultural tools. The plough, rake, stone mill and other production tools displayed in the exhibition room for land preparation, sowing and harvesting are all from the farmers in Jiangnan area. To a certain extent, they retain some structural characteristics of ancient agricultural tools, which can more completely reflect the characteristics of agricultural cultivation in Zhejiang and Hangzhou area and contain the characteristics of farming culture in Jiangnan Water township. The atlas is based on the agricultural administration encyclopedia written by Xu Guangqi in Ming Dynasty, which is included in Sikuquanshu. According to the six categories of farm tools, 36 atlas are selected and printed on the board of Ginkgo biloba. The agricultural culture exhibition area shows a long history of agricultural culture in China as a traditional agricultural country, integrating historical and cultural education and agricultural science popularization education. At the same time, it enriches the participation of scenic spots in the specific links of farming and water truck, and realizes the organic integration of entertainment and science popularization.

Surrounding traffic

Hangzhou ceramic market station (South Gate of Park): 20 (up to East Railway Station), 42 (up to West Lake), 62 (up to city railway station, get off at Xiangxie business building (South Station of city railway station)

2 yuhuangfeiyun station (North Gate of the park): 42, 87 (up to Huanglong tourism distribution center, Longjing Village, etc.)

Multiple cropping of Bagua field in Southern Song Dynasty

After repeated demonstration by experts and on-the-spot investigation by agricultural science departments, baguatian's crop planting and greening configuration plan has been released. According to the suggestions of experts from the Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the plan of multiple cropping "nine valleys" at the beginning of this year has been changed, and it is planned to retain "Seven Valleys" and add other varieties of agricultural crops and cash crops for seasonal rotation.

Chen Wenyue, director of Crop Research Institute of Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said that according to research, there were nine crops planted by the emperor at that time: soybean, adzuki bean, barley, wheat, rice, millet (millet), glutinous rice (glutinous rice), millet and millet. The first seven kinds can be found now, but there are many arguments about millet and millet in history. Some records say that millet and millet are the same variety, while others say that millet may be red sorghum or millet. Everybody's not sure. "These two kinds of crops are likely to have disappeared. Even if we keep the Qigu, we are a modern variety, which is quite different from the previous one." Chen said.

In addition, considering that the soil of baguatian is seriously hardened and has poor water holding capacity, experts from the Academy of agricultural sciences are busy fertilizing and improving the soil recently. In a 5 mu area alone, four or five carts of mushroom residue were dumped to increase organic fertilizer.

The planting area of Bagua field is mainly divided into three parts: central area, central area and peripheral area. The core is the Yin Yang diagram in the center of the eight trigrams, which mainly preserves the site and replants some plants, such as four seasons osmanthus, Photinia and red leaf plum. The core area of the ring is very small, only 5 mu, planting Longjing tea, Pyracantha fortuneana, red leaf plum and part of the time flowers, to ensure the standard color throughout the year. Now I plan to plant Longjing 43 and Shihua at intervals. The peripheral area is 15 mu, with seasonal flower watching vegetation, including oil mustard in spring, Scutellaria barbata in summer, Chrysanthemum morifolium in autumn and cabbage in winter. Considering the best viewing effect on the national day, cabbage is planted this time. The central area is the main block, covering an area of 25 mu. Eight kinds of crops are planted. According to the hexagram position, different varieties are planted. The first batch of crops are indica rice, glutinous rice, soybean, eggplant, mung bean, millet, red pepper and kidney bean. By the first half of next year, it will be replaced

Chinese PinYin : Ba Gua Tian Yi Zhi Gong Yuan