Xuwen ancient port

Xuwen ancient port site is located in Xuwen County, close to the north port wharf of Guangdong Hainan railway. It is the departure port of the maritime "Silk Road". Now Sandun tourist area of the Han Dynasty has been built here, which is composed of a sea surface, a harbor, three islands and three fishing villages. It is the site of the departure port of the maritime "Silk Road". It can comprehensively explore a lot about the maritime "Silk Road" Cut.

When you come to Xuwen ancient port, you can choose to take a train ferry from Qiongzhou Strait to the opposite Hainan Province to experience a train ride across the Strait. Here you can also see large white salt fields and learn about the whole process of salt drying in ancient France. The tropical landscapes such as mangroves and coconut groves are also full of amorous feelings. The fishing villages are full of the charm of seaside culture. All kinds of fresh seafood are delicious and cheap.

Xuwen ancient port

Xuwen county is located in the southern tip of Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong Province, and is under the jurisdiction of Zhanjiang Municipality. Chinese mainland is the closest place to Hainan province.

geographical position

China is the remotest corners of the globe. The Xuwen county is located on the southernmost tip of the Chinese mainland. Its interior corner is located on the ends of the earth in Hainan Island and the Luan nose on Taiwan island. It is also called the "south three terminal" of China's land. The ends of the earth on Hainan Island are well-known scenic spots.

In Taiwan, oluanbi also has a similar status with the "ends of the earth". Compared with the two places mentioned above, the southernmost part of the mainland in Xuwen is more grand and rich in scenic spots, which is the "big end" of the three southern ends. Xuwen is becoming a tourist attraction with special charm.

history

Xu Wen has a long history. As early as six or seven thousand years ago in the Neolithic age, there were ancestors who cultivated and multiplied here. Xu Wen established the county system in the sixth year of Yuanding, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. It was abolished in the early years of Northern Song Dynasty and restored in the seventh year of Qiandao, Emperor Xiaozong of Southern Song Dynasty. Its name is related to its unique geographical location.

record

According to records, from the establishment of Yuanding in the sixth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to Yongjian of Emperor Wu of the Southern Qi Dynasty, the prefectures and counties were located in taowang village in the southwest of the territory. "Because of the land's pressure on the sea and the sound of the waves, it's said that the place name of Xuwen came into being. The maritime silk road was formed in the Qin and Han Dynasties, developed in the Three Kingdoms and Sui dynasties, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and transformed into the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is the oldest known maritime route.

For more than 2000 years, the maritime "Silk Road" has made an indelible and glorious historical contribution to the communication of friendly exchanges between China and foreign countries and the promotion of the social, economic and cultural prosperity and development of China and foreign countries, and has been well told by people all over the world.

The Qin and Han Dynasties was an era of developing the "Silk Road" on the sea and sailing to the ocean. According to the records of Geography in the history of Han Dynasty, "since nanzhangsai, Xuwen and Hepu have sailed in May, but there is no country; and they have sailed in April, but there is no country in the city of Lu...". To the south of the Yellow Branch, there is the state of Cheng, which has not been established. Since then, the Yi envoys of the Han Dynasty have gone on. " The Western Han Dynasty sent a fleet led by an emissary to reach the Indochina Peninsula, the Nanyang islands, the southeast coast of India and Sri Lanka along the sea routes developed by private trade. In the first century BC, Chinese silk has become the most precious clothing material in the Mediterranean world, some of which reached the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea from the "Silk Road" on the sea. Foreign goods such as spices, gold and silver wares, precious stones and glazed ware (glass) were also transported to China by sea.

development

Since the 1960s, a large number of Han tombs have been found in villages and fields along the southwest coast of Xuwen, mainly in huafengling, the former Dahuang township. A large number of pottery, copper and iron wares and beads have been unearthed. In November 1993, provincial experts in cultural relics and Archaeology discovered a large range of Han Dynasty living sites in Erqiao and Shiwei village, the former Wuli Township, Xuwen County, through large-scale excavation. A large number of characters such as "Wansui" tiles, rope pattern, breast nail pattern tiles, tube tiles and pottery, as well as "Chen Gu's private seal" were unearthed. Later, characters such as "Yiguan", "Dijun Baishi" and "Quzi" were unearthed It can be proved that this site is the seat of Xuwen County and the site of Xuwen port in Han Dynasty.

In June 2000, experts and scholars from the Counselor's office of the Guangdong provincial government and the Pearl River culture research association formed an investigation group to visit Xuwen in person for investigation and demonstration, and determined that Xuwen County was the "departure port of the Silk Road" on the sea in the Han Dynasty.

investigate

On March 6, 2001, the Counselor's office of Guangdong provincial government, the Museum of culture and history, and the Pearl River Culture Research Association once again organized experts and scholars to investigate Xuwen, and held an "expert demonstration meeting on the earliest port of departure of Xuwen Maritime Silk Road", which further confirmed that Han Xuwen port is the most important port of the "maritime Silk Road" in the area of Erqiao, Nanwan, and Peninsula shaped Cape of Shiwei in the former Wuli township of Xuwen County One of the earliest departure ports, and the nearby Erqiao, Nanwan and Shiwei should also be the seat of Xuwen County.

In November 2001, the Counselor's office of Guangdong provincial government, the Museum of culture and history, the Pearl River Culture Research Association and the Zhanjiang government jointly held a large-scale academic seminar on the maritime Silk Road - China's southern port, and published a collection of Lingnan literature and history papers. The discovery of the port of departure of the maritime Silk Road became one of the top ten news in the South China Edition of the people's daily in 2001.

From December 9, 2002 to January 17, 2003, with the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics, the Provincial Institute of archaeology, the Municipal Museum and the County Museum once again investigated and explored the Han Dynasty site in Xuwen, and found the cultural strata of the early Western Han Dynasty (equivalent to the period of Nanyue state). The cultural relics unearthed from the departure port of the maritime Silk Road confirm the records of relevant historical materials, the administrative level and official level of Xuwen city in Han Dynasty, and reflect various social conditions at that time from different aspects. Architectural construction, casting and metallurgy, pottery, fishing and hunting, farming, commerce and animal husbandry, navigation, textile, foreign trade, military struggle and social customs are all reflected in it.

historical data

In the third year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty, the local records of Xuwen County are recorded as follows:

Longquan Danjing, 30 miles southwest of the county, is located in the old county of taowang village. It faces the sea in front of it and faces three piers. Among them is Longquan, named Danjing. In case of drought, this spoon of water is taken to pray for rain, and the sweet rain comes.

Sandun is known as "Xiaopeng mountain". Stand up to the sea as a natural barrier for the ancient taowanggang. Each pier has a spring well with extraordinary scenery, so it is known as the eight sceneries of Xuyang - yingdao Lianbi

Li Jifu of the Tang Dynasty and the county annals said: "the Marquis of the Han Dynasty was located in the South Qili of Xuwen, where he accumulated goods to meet his needs and trade favorably

Shenzuo, also known as Shangma stool, was originally carved from a natural giant stone. It was destroyed in the 1970s and was regarded as a God by the people. Now it is restored to its original appearance for people to see.

The eight trigrams beacon light holder is located on the high cliff of shiweiling in Nanshan Town (formerly Wuli township), less than 10 meters near Haiwan. It is a typical navigation lamp holder of the Han and Tang Dynasties. It is carved from a natural giant stone, with an octagonal shape, 2 meters in diameter and 40 cm in depth.

Erqiao and Nanwan archaeological sites

In the third year of Xuantong reign of the Qing Dynasty, Xuwen County annals recorded: "the village of Chaowang is the site of the old county, facing the sea in front of it and facing three piers.".

This is Xuwen city of Han Dynasty. The name of xitaowang village was only used in the late Qing Dynasty. November 1993,. With the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics, the Department of cultural relics and Archaeology of Guangdong Province, together with the relevant personnel from the cultural bureaus of Zhanjiang, Gaozhou, Maoming and other cities and counties, and the museum, has formed an archaeological team to carry out a large-scale excavation for nearly a month, excavating 15 excavation areas of 5x5 meters, covering an area of 350 square meters. The stratum is composed of four layers, and the second, third and fourth layers are all cultural layers of Han Dynasty. The sites include tombs, ash pits, houses, sites, wells, burnt earth surfaces and pillar holes.

The tomb unearthed a water corrugated folding belly basin, a pottery bowl and a pottery net pendant

There are 20 ash pits, and a large number of tiles with rope pattern, tile fragments, plain glazed pottery, small checkerboard pattern stamp pottery and water ripple pattern pottery are unearthed.

There are 4 housing sites, with a large number of tiles and burnt earth unearthed.

A well, unearthed tile, pot, cup, brick, bowl fragments, copper arrowhead 1.

In the second bridge and Nanwan, a large number of cultural relics, such as pottery, cauldron, pot, urn, basin, bowl, bowl, lid, seat, pottery stick, pottery spinning wheel, pottery net pendant, were excavated. The main building materials were rope pattern tile and tube tile, with more than 10000 pieces. Some Han bricks, tiles and small stone building objects were also unearthed.

Long live tile, lingzhi tile, tortoise and new bronze seal "Chen Gu private seal", "Tenth Five Year Plan" tile, "convex" tile, "white" tile, "X", "Five" tile, "Yu" tile fragments and so on were collected from the site. Gaotai site of Xuwen castle in Han Dynasty

It is located in the west of Erqiao village, Wuli Township, on the cliff near gangtouwan, with a drop of more than 10 meters and a total length of more than 500 meters. The high platform on the cliff inclines from west to East, and various fragments of Han pottery and tiles are scattered on the surface of the area of more than 200000 square meters. Obvious rammed earth layer of mud, sand and stone was found on the cliff. From December 9, 2002 to January 17, 2003, a relatively complete pattern of curly clouds, arrowheads and rope tiles were found in the trench of Gaotai site. High level cultural relics of the early Western Han Dynasty, such as iron ware, bronze ware, monster pattern, small copper shop head and pottery pot, were found. It is suspected that they were garrison houses of the Han Dynasty.

Visit Xuwen ancient port

According to the Qing Kangxi "Guangdong Fujian inspection" records, Sandun "protrusion sea, No. xiaopengshan.". Many people think that the reputation of "xiaopengshan" here refers to Penglai. Although the author has not studied this, in folklore, Sandun is really called xiaopenglai.

It is said that apart from the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty was also obsessed with the world

Chinese PinYin : Xu Wen Gu Gang