Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda

Located in the center of Baota street, Zhongshan East Road, 83.7 meters high, it is an 11 storey Pavilion building. The above ground part is composed of tower base, tower body and tower brake. The plane of the tower is composed of two square staggered octagonal, 127.65 meters around the base. It is the tallest brick tower in the history of China. On March 4, 1961, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda was built in Song Dynasty. Huineng, a monk of Kaiyuan Temple in Taizong period of Song Dynasty (976-997), ordered Xizhu to take scriptures and get the relic. Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty ordered Huineng to build the tower in 1001, which took 55 years to complete in 1055. Because it was built in Kaiyuan Temple, it is known as "Kaiyuan Temple Tower". The original purpose of the tower was to collect relics and scriptures. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Dingzhou was located in the border, and its military position was very important. Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda "strangles the bandits and serves as the gateway of the country". When you climb it, you can watch Khitan and anticipate the enemy's situation, so it is also called "anticipate the enemy's pagoda". Now commonly known as Dingzhou tower. Kaiyuan Temple Tower stands tall and straight, and its shape is majestic and dignified. During the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty (1426-1435), Yuan Xuan, the governor of the prefecture, once wrote a poem: "the Vatican Palace is in the south of the county city, and the picture is suddenly floating in the air. There is no wave in the water to see the reflection, and there is a emerald peak in Hengshan. On the top, the Pearl trees welcome the rising sun, the eaves play the Golden Bell and listen to the evening wind. Every time you go up to the top of the sky, you can solidify your body into the blue sky. " In addition, Gong Fanxian, the censor of Shaanxi Province, wrote a poem: "walk slowly in the middle of a hundred feet, and swing the wind of willow catkins and apricot flowers. He passed by the 12th floor, and his eyes were empty. Where can I be a Buddha? Here the heart is connected with Taixu. Sometimes the crane comes and stops, and it's the most important thing in the sky. " The overall structure of the tower is connected by the inner and outer layers, forming a corridor between them, just like the outer tower encircling the inner tower; between the upper and lower layers, there is a climbing ladder, which passes through the tower center and climbs up and down layer by layer. The attic on the bottom floor of the tower is the highest. The exterior of the tower is open on all sides. A single Buddhist hall is set on the outer wall of the inner tower, corresponding to the outer door. Only a door is set in the northeast corner. The bottom of the attic is made of double eaves, the bottom eaves are made of brick in a prismatic shape, and the upper eaves are made of imitation wood three jump bucket arches and painted. The bucket arch supports the upper tower platform. A caisson is set in the inner center of the bottom layer, and the original clay statue stands for a Buddha. The top is surrounded by wood like brackets, which are stacked upward to produce a sharp harvest. The ceiling above the third floor is painted. Above the seventh floor, there is an arched top, with Buddha statues, birds and animals on the inner wall and top. There are 25 niches on both sides of the corridor. In the main niche of the tower, and on the brick walls of the corridors on each floor, there are many inscriptions and famous people's chants. There are 45 pieces in the original, but there are 34 pieces now. The East, West, South and north sides of the pagoda are all opened with coupons, and the rest of the Buddhist paintings are scenes of the life of monks in Kaiyuan Temple. The characters with different personalities are vividly depicted, which fully shows the unique creativity of ancient Chinese artists. The top two floors and eight sides of the gate are of arched type, with a brick gate and a door cover. The top of the ticket is decorated with peach shaped incense smoke, which goes up layer by layer, and the lines are gradually increasing, symbolizing the grand scene of Buddhism. On the east side of the inner corridor on the 11th floor, a near vertical patio is opened on the top of the ticket, which can be crossed to mount the Tasha. Since the history of the pagoda, countless people have ascended it, but few can ascend it. At the top of the tower, there are eight slopes and eight ridges, which are covered with cloth tiles. The tile ridges are deep enough for people to lie on their backs. Each octagonal ridge eaves has a sitting iron Buddha statue (Dharma God). At the intersection of the octagonal ridge eaves is a brick lotus petal, on which is the iron base of the Tasha, and on it is a copper cast gourd composed of six sections. When you climb to the top, you can overlook the city and take over the whole city. "To the East, you can see the blue sea connecting the sky, to the west, you can see Jiashan Huju, to the north, you can see the water dragon plate, and to the south, you can see the vast galaxy. After the Song Dynasty, Kaiyuan pagoda was always a place for people to visit. When people went to the pagoda during the festival, there were several tragedies. On the 16th of the first month of the second year of emperor Mu Zong's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1568), when the group went to dengtiao, some people cheated that the state should be guarded, and the tourists were frightened and forced to support each other, and 237 people were killed. On May 5, 1773, the 38th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the villagers went up to the pagoda to see a lot of people. Suddenly, it was rumored that the state herdsmen blocked the entrance of the pagoda. The tourists were terrified and supported, killing more than 300 people. Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda has been more than 900 years ago, during which there have been more than 10 earthquakes. In June 1884, the northeast side of the pagoda peeled off from the top to the ground, destroying the integrity of this magnificent building. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the party and government attached great importance to the protection of Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda and allocated funds for maintenance for many times. In 1972, the steps and ridges inside the tower were restored successively, and iron railings were added at the collapsed cliffs. In 1983, the protective wall and screen wall were built. In 1987, the State Administration of cultural relics began to restore the tower. In 1988, Dingzhou municipal government established Dingzhou tower building headquarters. In May 2001, professional maintenance personnel found a metal box sealed with "Vajra Sutra" in the 80 meter tower building. The front of the box was engraved with "Vajra Sutra", and the left and right sides were engraved with "July 15" and "Wang Huijing letter, disciple of the first year of Yongzheng". Experts believe that it was put in when the ancient pagoda was repaired in the first year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty. At the same time, three bronze Buddhas and a bronze mirror were found. One of them had the inscription of Hongzhi period in Ming Dynasty. After opening the metal box, the cultural relics workers found that the Vajra Sutra had been seriously shrunk and difficult to open. At present, the first phase of the tower building project has been completed, and the second Sri Lanka project will be completed by the end of 2001. It will be open to the public the next year.

Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding County

synonym

Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda (Hebei Dingzhou Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda) is generally designated County Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda

Ding County Kaiyuan Temple Tower, also known as the material enemy tower, because the tower was built in Kaiyuan Temple, it is commonly known as "Kaiyuan Temple Tower". Located in Kaiyuan Temple in the east of nanchengmen, Dingzhou City, Hebei Province. In the fourth year of Xianping (1001) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty issued an imperial edict to build a temple and a pagoda in order to worship the Buddhist scriptures and relics that can be retrieved from ancient India by the monks of Kaiyuan Temple. It took 55 years to build the temple and Pagoda in the second year of Zhihe (1055) of the Northern Song Dynasty. Dingzhou was a military important place close to the Liao and Song dynasties. In order to defend Qidan, the Song Dynasty used this tower to look at the enemy's situation, so it was named "Liaodi tower" (or "Liaodi tower").

Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding county is an octagonal pavilion building. It is a high-ranking ancient brick Pagoda in China. Its shape is dignified and majestic. Its body is eleven levels, and it shrinks from bottom to top in proportion. The inner structure of the tower is that the outer tower encircles the inner tower, and the stairs spiral from the inner tower to the top of the tower. The body of the tower is connected by the inner and outer layers, forming a unique structure of the tower. Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding county is a pagoda integrating architectural art, Buddhist culture, calligraphy and painting art, which occupies an important position in the history of ancient Chinese architecture.

On March 4, 1961, the Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda (Yaodi pagoda) in Ding county was announced by the State Council of the people's Republic of China as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Historical evolution

In the fourth year of Xianping (1001) of the Northern Song Dynasty, Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty issued an imperial edict to build temples and pagodas in order to worship the Buddhist scriptures and relics that can be retrieved from ancient India.

In 1055, Kaiyuan pagoda was built in Dingxian County, which lasted 55 years. Because the pagoda was built in Kaiyuan Temple, it is commonly known as "Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda". Dingzhou was a military important place close to the Liao and Song dynasties. In order to defend Qidan, the Song Dynasty used this tower to look at the enemy's situation, so it was named "Liaodi tower" (or "Liaodi tower").

The Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding County suffered some damage due to the thunder and lightning in 1666, the earthquake in 1679 and 1697.

In June 1884, the northeast side of Kaiyuan Temple Tower in Ding County collapsed from top to bottom, which destroyed the integrity of this ancient building.

Since 1986, the State Department of cultural relics has been repairing the Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding county.

In 2001, the overall project of Kaiyuan Temple Tower maintenance in Ding county was completed.

In 2002, Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding county was reopened to the outside world.

Architectural features

structure

Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding county is an octagonal pavilion building with 11 levels. Outside the tower, there are four doors in the positive direction and four blind windows in the side direction. The inner structure of the tower is that the outer tower encircles the inner tower, and the stairs spiral from the inner tower to the top of the tower.

The body of the tower is connected by the inner and outer layers and connected by corridors, forming a unique structure of the tower. The appearance of the tower body, the bottom attic for double eaves, bottom eaves brick, the upper layer for brick carvings, imitation wood three jump bucket arch, painted, the upper layer for overlapping out eaves, forming the tower platform.

characteristic

Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Dingxian County is a tall ancient brick Pagoda in China. Compared with the square form of the tower built before the yuan and Song Dynasties, it is more beautiful, plump, tall and generous.

The tower body shrinks in proportion from bottom to top.

Cultural relics

overview

The Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Ding county is made of brick. It is octagonal in plane and 83.7 meters high. It is composed of three parts: the base, the body and the Tasha. The body of the pagoda is eleven levels and shrinks from bottom to top in proportion.

Kaiyuan Temple Pagoda in Dingxian County is an octagonal pavilion building. The pagoda body is connected by the inner and outer layers, and is connected by an ambulatory. The whole pagoda body is like a small Pagoda in a big pagoda. The bottom attic is made of double eaves, the bottom eaves are made of brick, the upper floor is made of brick carvings, imitated wood, three jump bucket arches, painted, and the upper floor is made of overlapping eaves to form a tower platform.

The outside of the tower is painted white, and the top of the tower is decorated with a bowl of honeysuckle, on which there is an iron dew

Chinese PinYin : Kai Yuan Si Ta