Cliff of Thousand Buddhas

It is located on the cliff from Shamao peak to the west of zipen peak in Qixia mountain. It is said that Shao, the founder of Qixia Temple, once dreamed that there was Buddha light on the West Rock Wall, so he decided to carve Buddha statues here. After his death, his son and monk zhidu began to chisel niches on the west wall with three Buddha statues in 484, the second year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty. These three Buddhas are collectively known as the "three saints of the west", and the hall is also known as the "three saints hall". In the middle of the cave, the wuliangshou Buddha is three feet high, which is the largest Buddha in the thousand Buddha rock. Therefore, the cave is called "wuliangfo", also known as "Great Buddha Pavilion". In 504, the first year of Datong of Liang Dynasty, it was said that the Buddha light appeared on the top of the niche, so the feudal nobles of Qi and Liang dynasties, such as Prince Qi Wenhui, Yuzhang literature king and his officials, thought that the Buddha appeared and competed to donate money to chisel stone statues, so they were known as Thousand Buddhas and got the name of Thousand Buddhas rock. The statues of the Buddha are both standing and sitting. They are as big as several feet and as small as one inch. They are as famous as Datong and Yungang Grottoes in North and south. In song and Ming Dynasties, Qianfo rock was repaired and carved. On the cliff are seven regular script characters of "Qixia Temple in ancient thousand Buddha rock" written by song you Jiuyan.

The famous "dongfeitian" is in niche 102. In 2000, "flying Apsaras to the East" was discovered in Qixia mountain. This cave niche is very small, with a total of five Buddha statues. The two groups of flying Apsaras on the top of the cave are orange with clear lines, and the flame on the top of the Buddha statue in the middle is faintly visible.

Although there are only two pairs of flying Apsaras, they are the easternmost "Dunhuang relics" found in China.

Cliff of Thousand Buddhas

Qianfoyan is located 3 kilometers west of Jiajiang County, Leshan City, Sichuan Province. Jiajiang was founded in the kaihuang period of the Sui Dynasty (593 A.D.) and named after the natural appearance of "two mountains facing each other and one water flowing in the northwest of the city". The Qianfoyan scenic spot of Jiajiang is located 3 kilometers west of Jiajiang County, where "two mountains facing each other and one water flowing in the middle". In 2006, as a cultural relic of the Tang Dynasty, Qianfoyan Grottoes in Jiajiang was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Geography

Jiajiang County was established in the kaihuang period of the Sui Dynasty (AD 593). It is named after the natural appearance of "two mountains facing each other and one water flowing in the northwest of the city". The Qianfoyan scenic spot of Jiajiang is located on the Bank of Qingyi River, 3km west of Jiajiang County, with Juxian bridge in the East, Jinxiang temple in the west, Daguan mountain in the north and Yifeng temple in the south. The scenic spot is close to mountains and rivers, with an altitude of 380-820 meters. It has a subtropical warm climate, covering an area of about 4.5 square kilometers.

In 2006, as a cultural relic of the Tang Dynasty, Qianfoyan Grottoes in Jiajiang was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Main landscape

Qianfo rock in Jiajiang is a cultural relic scenic spot combining natural landscape with cultural landscape. The main cultural relics include: provincial key cultural relics, cliff statues of Tang Dynasty, Jinxiang temple, Zifu cave inscriptions of Song Dynasty, China's first manual paper making Museum, ancient plank road site, dianjiangtai site, Juxian Street dwellings, Guandi temple, Jinlong temple, etc.

Cliff statues

The so-called Thousand Buddhas of Thousand Buddhas rock are densely distributed on the steep cliff on the right side of the lower plank road of tieshiguan. It is understood that there are more than 2470 carved statues in cave 162, so it is called "Thousand Buddha rock". These cliff statues were a little earlier than the Leshan Buddha, excavated in the Sui Dynasty, flourished in the Tang Dynasty, and extended to the Ming and Qing Dynasties. But different from the Leshan Giant Buddha, these cliff statues of Qianfoyan are basically carved by the people, so the content is more diverse and the artistic image is more colorful. Maitreya niche, the largest of the statues, is 2.7 meters high, with beautiful shape, moderate proportion and similar posture to Leshan Buddha. The second flank Bodhisattva has beautiful clothes, smooth lines, rich muscles and a strong sense of volume.

These Buddha statues are arranged in a disorderly way. At least they occupy one cave, while at most hundreds of them gather in one cave. They can be more than Zhang in size, but less than Chi in size. They are beautiful in shape, exquisite in skill, different in posture, and colorful, showing the superb level of ancient Chinese stone carving art. Among them, Maitreya sitting Buddha, pure land change niche, Heavenly King niche and multi cave Avalokitesvara niche are all fine sculptures of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

For more than 1300 years since the carving, the Buddha statues of thousand Buddha rock have gone through many vicissitudes: before the Ming Dynasty, some of them were damaged by two landslides, and the surface of many Buddha statues fell off due to long-term wind and rain erosion. During the cultural revolution, more than 100 caves (more than 1000 statues) were destroyed due to the opening of mountains and stones

However, the protection of Qianfoyan Buddha has never stopped: the song and Ming Dynasties built Buddha protection pavilions many times; the Qing Dynasty county magistrate engraved a cultural relic protection ban on Qianfoyan, which is the earliest official notice of cultural relic protection; Hu Jiangrong, the county magistrate who presided over the construction of "chuanshanyan" in the period of the people, did not fear difficulties and dangers in order not to damage the Buddha To dig a cave and let the weir water pass through the mountain along the foot of the rock

Juxian Street

Through the Qianfoyan memorial archway in Jiajiang, it is an east-west street - Juxian street. It is said that Juxian street in history is a gathering place for philosophers and sages. It is close to green mountains in the north and green water in the south. Dozens of families are traditional dwellings in the style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to historical records, King Huiwang of Qin destroyed Shu in the ninth year of gengyuan (316 BC) and established Shu County under the jurisdiction of the state of Qin. Seven years after the death of Shu, in the second year of King Wu of Qin Dynasty (309 BC), the Qin army defeated Danli small country, and Nan'an county was set up here. According to the records of the historian, Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, granted xuanhu the title of Marquis of Zhuang, where he lived in Nan'an. In front of Juxian street is a Thousand Buddhas square. After the thousand Buddha Shengjing square, you will arrive at "the best place of Qingyi". On the right side of the mountain wall, there are some cliff statues.

Dacheng Hall

Further on, go to the West Tower. Up, there is Dacheng hall, also known as Qianfo temple. Dacheng hall was first built in the Sui Dynasty and destroyed in the late Ming Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the 11th year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty. It was originally built in the Confucian Temple of Jiajiang County, and was relocated here in 1986.

On the Dacheng hall is danyaping, on which there are many inscriptions.

There is a poem titled daner mountain written by Mr. Su Dongpo in the inscription: the abrupt pass is empty, and his mountain is not as good as others. You look at the stones beside the road. They are all for the sky. Daner mountain is called songlinling. In Danzhou, Hainan, this poem was written when Su Shi was demoted to Danzhou. It is said that daner mountain, which is located in the northwest of Danzhou, is an isolated and beautiful mountain. People in Jiajiang have engraved Su Shi's poem here. Maybe the impression of this mountain is similar to that of daner mountain.

There are Lingya cave, Xiuluo tianbanting and Yunmen square near danyaping.

Above danyaping is the top of the grand view. Originally, we could go from here to peiyuting and then to Tianshengqiao, but the road was blocked, so we had to turn back to xichenglou.

Borneol

Along the river, Longping is expected. Looking down the river, you can see that in the rapids of the river, a strange stone of borneol stands still. Guo Weichen, the magistrate of Jiading in the Ming Dynasty, wrote a poem praising: "a stone at the head of the river can not be moved independently.". Who will be the mainstay. However, it is hard to be late to help the boat.

In front of wanglongping is an iron stone pass. The memorial archway is located in the ancient tieshiguan site, with a hundred foot deep in the South and a thousand foot cliff in the north. Tieshiguan ancient plank road is not only a land fortress, but also with its dangerous terrain, facing the steep cliff across the river, forming a natural barrier to guard the Qingliu river. It is here that the battle of cutting down Huang Yuan at the entrance of Nan'an gorge was recorded in the annals of the Three Kingdoms and the annals of Huayang.

Zhandao site

Going down through the pass is the ancient plank road site of the Qin and Han Dynasties. The stone level is directly excavated on the rock foundation, 108 steps from the gate to the lower part of the city. It has survived thousands of years of wind and rain, and still retains its original style. The traces of collapse and abrasion by pedestrians show its ancient history. This section of riverside road is the famous "MINGTING Avenue in nananping township" in history.

Peripheral highlights

Gujingkou

On the stone wall of the mountain side of the Vientiane Pavilion, there are three big characters "gujingkou", which are vigorous and powerful, solemn and simple. This is the inscription of Zhang Ting in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that Zhang Ting, another name of Wuwu mountain people, had been a doctor in the Ministry of official affairs. He upheld justice, selected talents and innovated the administration of official affairs. Later, he was framed and slandered. He was dismissed from his post and returned to his hometown to run Wuwu Academy.

"Gujingkou" is "Jingkou", and its name began in Qin Dynasty. In 316 BC, King Hui of Qin sent troops to destroy Shu, and then "moved all the families of the Qin people" to consolidate his rule over the newly conquered areas. In fact, the Qin people of Shu mainly come from the Jingshui River Valley in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province. Although they have moved to Shu, they still remember their hometown. The "Qin people" who moved into Jiajiang often miss their hometown "Jingshui" and regard the water of Qingyi River as the water of Jinghe River. Therefore, they call their new residence by the name of "Jingkou", which is just an ancient word added by later generations.

At the foot of the slope of gujingkou, a mountain rock protrudes forward, just like a shed cover. Under the shed cover, the rock cavity is wide. This kind of landform is commonly known as "wa rock cavity", which was named "yuelangchang" by the ancients, and three big characters were carved here. It is said that the word "Chang" here should be pronounced "H à n", which refers to the place where people can live where the rocks protrude from the mountain.

Wanyongya

On the "wanyongya" at the west end of the corridor, there are a variety of historical inscriptions, which praise the combination of landscape and scenery, or express the feeling of Range Rover.

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