Ancestral Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty

The first Mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty, the mausoleum of the Ming ancestors, is the tomb of the ancestors of the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang. It is located in Guanzhen Township, Xuyi county, about 20 kilometers away from Xuyi county. According to the chronicles of Zhu Zuzhang, Zhu Yuanzhang lived in zhujiaxiang, Tongde Township, Jurong County, Jiangsu Province. In the first year of Hongwu, when Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he respected his great ancestor as Emperor Xuan, his great grandfather as emperor Heng, his grandfather as Emperor Yu, and his father as emperor Chun. Zhu Yuanzhang's strong thought of glorifying his ancestors prompted him to build his ancestral mausoleum at all costs, which seemed to be the only way to consolidate the Ming Dynasty. In 1963, the water level of Hongze Lake dropped, and the Ming Zuling site gradually came out of the water. The relics were scattered on the 250 meter long central axis, including 20 pairs of stone elephants fallen in the mud. There are several arched doors looming out under the big pond, which are tombs with six coffins side by side. Among them are Zhu Yuanzhang's grandparents, and on both sides are Zeng Zu and Gao Zu. The six coffins are decorated with boa robes, jade belts, Phoenix crowns and xiapi. This is the tomb of clothes. The bodies of Zhu Yuanzhang's grandparents were buried on a high ridge not far from here. When the mausoleum was built, Zhu Yuanzhang did not dare to move the bones of his ancestors for fear of breaking the dragon vein and damaging Feng Shui, so he built a clothes and crown tomb nearby. Since 1997, Ming Zu tomb has been repaired several times. Around 2706 meters of flood control embankment has been built around the area. 600 meters of dangerous section are all protected by block stone, and over 6 trees have been planted around pine, cypress, and Wutong. In addition, a cultural relics exhibition room and a pumping station have been built.

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Ancestral Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty

Located on the West Bank of Hongze Lake in Xuyi county, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, the tomb of Ming Dynasty's ancestors is a national AAA tourist attraction. It is the burial ground of Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestors, great grandparents and grandfather.

After Zhu Yuanzhang ruled the country and established the Ming Dynasty, he built his ancestral mausoleum here in 1386. After his grandfather Zhu Chuyi, great grandfather Zhu Sijiu and great grandfather Zhu bai63, he built the hall of enjoyment in front of the mausoleum the next year. In 1413, Zhu Di built the gate of Lingxing and the wall. On September 28, 2016, among the 20 problematic scenic spots announced by Jiangsu Provincial Tourism Administration, mingzuling scenic spot in Xuyi county of Huai'an City was downgraded to national AAA scenic spot. On December 5, 2016, the National Tourism Administration announced that mingzuling national AAAA scenic spot was delisted.

In order to pay tribute to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of "anti epidemic", tickets for medical workers in the scenic area will be free from the date of resumption of operation to December 31, 2020.

Brief introduction of imperial mausoleum

Zuling of Ming Dynasty is the burial place of Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty. It is located in Zuling Town, Xuyi county, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, about 20 kilometers away from Xuyi county.

After the establishment of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang respected his great grandfather Zhu Bai Liu as Emperor Xuan, his great grandfather Zhu Si Jiu as emperor Heng, and his grandfather Zhu Chu Yi as Emperor Yu. In 1386, he built his ancestral mausoleum. After the emperors of Zhu Chu Yi, great grandfather Zhu Si Jiu and Gao Zu Zhu Bai 63 were granted and buried, he built the hall of enjoyment in front of the mausoleum the next year, and Zhu Di built the Lingxing gate in 1413 The ancestral mausoleum was completed.

The original ancestral mausoleum includes temple, golden gate, jade bridge, kitchen, well Pavilion, slaughterhouse, Baizhai, suzhifang, pushe, Beiting, Yicong, etc., with 10000 cypress trees planted. The Shinto is more than 250 meters long, with two pairs of watchtowers on both sides, 19 pairs of stone statues, and 149 hectares of sacrificial field. The ancestral Mausoleum of Ming Dynasty is located at the entrance of Huaihe River on the West Bank of Hongze Lake (under the jurisdiction of Fengyang Prefecture of nanzhili in Ming Dynasty). When Sizhou city was submerged by the lake, the Ming Tombs were also engulfed in the lake.

Protection period

In the 1970s and 1980s, in order to protect the mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty, a 3000 meter embankment was built to separate the mausoleum from the lake. More than 300 years of cultural relics and gems from the sunken Lake came to light and became a tourist attraction. As soon as you arrive at the tomb of the Ming Dynasty, the first thing you see is 21 pairs of huge stone carvings, which are located on both sides of the long Shinto and have high artistic value. From the stone group to the north are the lingxingmen site and the main hall site. There are 28 stone foundations at the site of the main hall. We can imagine the grand scale of the main hall. The joint burial place of Zhu Yuanzhang's Gaozu, great grandfather and grandfather is called Xuangong, and now there are brick vaulted buildings.

The discovery of Ming ancestral mausoleum provides valuable material for the study of the style of mausoleum architecture in the early Ming Dynasty. In 1996, the tomb of Ming Zu was announced by the State Council as the fourth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Now it is a national AAA tourist attraction.

Construction process

The construction of Ming ancestral mausoleum lasted for nearly 30 years, and its construction time and system were among the best in the Ming mausoleums of all dynasties. Its mausoleums are located near the Huaihe River, basically imitating the regulations of the mausoleums of the Tang and Song Dynasties, but the upper and lower palace system of the mausoleums of the Tang and Song Dynasties has been abolished, which makes it more compact. The general plan of the cemetery is rectangular, with three walls: the earth city outside, with a circumference of 3 km; the brick city in the middle, with a circumference of 1.1 km; the imperial city inside, with main hall, County Hall, divine kitchen, zhaifang, warehouse, slaughter Pavilion, jade belt bridge, etc.

On both sides of the Shinto in front of the mausoleum, there are 21 pairs of stone statues, which are arranged on the 850 meter long central axis from north to south. The largest one weighs more than 20 tons, and the smaller one weighs more than 5 tons. There are 2 pairs of Qilin, 6 pairs of Shishi, 2 pairs of Shinto Shizhu, 2 pairs of Maguan, 1 pair of Shima, 1 pair of Lama bodyguard, 3 pairs of Wenchen, 2 pairs of generals and 2 pairs of NEISHI. The overall style of these stone carvings is not only different from the Fengyang mausoleum, but also different from the Xiaoling Mausoleum and the Ming Tombs.

Adoring beauty

Although the Ming ancestral mausoleum is very beautiful, it is a pity that it is not on the side of Dafu mountain, but on the hilly land known as "nine hills and eighteen depressions". In 1494 A.D., Liu Daxia built Taihang dike to block the North Branch of the Yellow River. After the South Branch captured the Huaihe River and entered the sea, the river began to be in disorder. The middle and lower reaches of the Huaihe River flooded year after year, and Zuling suffered from floods.

After the 21th year of Jiajing reign (1542 A.D.), dikes were constantly built in the east of the mausoleum. In 1680, the Ming Tombs and Sizhou city were finally engulfed by torrential floods. After the long-term erosion and impact of the lake, the mound has been flattened. Most of the brick and wood buildings on the original ground have been destroyed. Only the lingxingmen, the main hall, the East and West veranda sites, and more than 30 large-scale pillar foundations and brick vaulted buildings are left. However, most of the 21 pairs of stone statues on both sides of the Shinto are intact.

In 1963, when the water level of Hongze Lake dropped, the tomb of Ming Dynasty could be seen again, but the wooden buildings had disappeared, leaving only the wailuo city wall and the stone statues excavated and restored later.

Introduction to history

Zhu Yuanzhang built his mausoleum, the mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty. According to the chronological catalogue of Zhu Zuzhang's family, Zhu Yuanzhang lived in zhujiaxiang, Tongde Township, Jurong County, Jiangsu Province.

In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang's grandfather Zhu Chuyi fled to Sizhou and Xuyi with his family and lived in sunjiagang, 13 miles north of the ancient Sizhou city. Sihonghezhi records such a legend: there is a cave in yangjiadun family, where Zhu Chuyi, Zhu Yuanzhang's grandfather, often lies. Once, a Taoist passed by and said, "if you are buried here, you will be the son of heaven." Zhu Chuyi told Zhu Shizhen, the father of Zhu Yuanzhang, what the Taoist said.

Ten years later, Zhu Chuyi died in the fourth year of TAIDING (1327 A.D.) and was buried here, as the Taoist said. Six months later, Zhu Shizhen's wife Chen was pregnant with Zhu Yuanzhang. In 1352, Zhu Yuanzhang joined the red scarf army led by Guo Zixing.

In the first year of Hongwu (1368 AD), when Zhu Yuanzhang ascended the throne, he respected his great ancestor as Emperor Xuan, his great grandfather as emperor Heng, his grandfather as Emperor Yu, and his father as emperor Chun. Zhu Yuanzhang's strong thought of glorifying his ancestors prompted him to build his ancestral mausoleum at all costs, which seemed to be the only way to consolidate the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, in 1386, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered the crown prince Zhu Biao to lead the civil and military officials and craftsmen to yangjiadun in the north of Sizhou city to build the ancestral mausoleum. After 28 years of renovation, a large amount of money was spent. In 1413 A.D., the tombs of his three generations of ancestors were all successfully built. So far, yangjiadun was renamed Ming Zuling.

Historical records

According to relevant historical records, the mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty was built on a grand scale with magnificent momentum. The mausoleum is oblong, with a north-south trend. There are two imperial cities, the outer earth city is 9 li and 30 steps in circumference, and the inner brick city is 4 Li and 10 steps in circumference. There are four gates, three in each, five in the main hall, six in the Dufu hall, one in the Red Gate, one in the Liaolu, one in the Lingxing gate, three in the Shenchu, three in the Dongwu, three in the Westinghouse, eighteen in the Zhifang, three in the zhaifang, three in the storeroom, one in the Zaishu Pavilion, and one in the Shuijin bridge. From the west gate of the mausoleum to the Shuishui Pavilion, there are three stone bridges. After the kitchen, slaughtering Pavilion, enjoy hall, side hall. On both sides of the Shinto Road, from south to north, there are two pairs of Kirin, six pairs of lions, two pairs of Huabiao, two pairs of horse swineherd, one pair of horse pullers, one pair of horses, three pairs of officials, two pairs of generals and two pairs of eunuchs. There are a total of 21 pairs of large stone carvings. More than 70000 trees are planted around.

After the completion of the Ming ancestral mausoleum, Zhu Yuanzhang personally took the imperial army from Nanjing to worship his ancestors during the Qingming Festival every year. One

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