E Lake academy

Located at the foot of Ehu mountain in Qianshan County, Shangrao, Ehu academy is one of the four ancient academies in Jiangxi, covering an area of 8000 square meters. Ehu academy has been a famous cultural center for many scholars. In particular, the meeting between Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan, a neo Confucianist in the Southern Song Dynasty, became a great event with far-reaching influence in the history of Chinese Confucianism. In the second year of Chunxi in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi, Lu Jiuling, Lu Jiuyuan, Lu Zuqian and other famous Neo Confucianists at that time gathered here to debate the way of "Xing Li".

E Lake academy

Located at the foot of Ehu mountain, Ehu Town, Qianshan County, Shangrao, Ehu academy is one of the four ancient academies in Jiangxi, covering an area of 8000 square meters. E Lake academy used to be a famous cultural center. In particular, the meeting between Zhu Xi and Lu Jiuyuan, a neo Confucianist in the Southern Song Dynasty, became a great event with far-reaching influence in the history of Chinese Confucianism. In order to commemorate the "e Hu meeting", people built the "Si Xian Temple" behind the Academy. In the 10th year of song Chunxi, it was named "Wenzong academy" and later renamed "Ehu academy".

From the Southern Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the Academy was destroyed several times and rebuilt several times. Among them, the renovation and expansion project in 1717 was the largest. Emperor Kangxi also wrote against the imperial library. After hundreds of years, the style of the Academy remains the same, the pattern is complete, and the original situation remains. It is one of the few places where the Academy remains intact. In the courtyard, there are fixed exhibitions such as "the meeting of e lake and e Lake academy", "Xin Qiji and Qianshan". On average, the Academy receives more than 60000 participants each year, including 10000 overseas experts, scholars and cultural groups.

layout

E Lake academy is on the left side of e Lake Temple (Renshou Temple), while e Lake tower is on the left side of e Lake academy. The gate of the e Lake academy is not in the center, but on the left, so it faces the e Lake tower. There are mountains and streams around the Academy, and the environment is elegant. E Lake academy is much larger than e Lake Temple, and its architectural scale is similar to Confucius Temple. Entering through the gate and passing through two rows of peach trees, there is a big round gate. Inside the round gate, there is a big yard. On the opposite side, there is a big round gate with three rows of temples. From this, you can climb the stone steps and enter into another yard. Inside is the half moon pool, and around the pool are stone railings. Crossing the ancient bridge is the first row of temples, another courtyard is the second row of temples, and the last row of temples is Sixian temple. There is also a courtyard in front of the ancestral hall. Behind the ancestral hall is a rather high terrace with a small pool under it and a high wall behind it, facing the north wall of the two round gates. These three rows are the main house. On both sides of the main house are rows of houses.

There are four tablets of Zhu, Lu and Erlu in the four sages' CI behind the E-hu academy, and a plaque with the words "Dun Jian Tong GUI". This is opposite to the imperial plaque of "the school of Taoism" in the front row of the Academy, which shows the grand occasion of the E-hu meeting of Zhu and Lu in Song Dynasty. During the Anti Japanese War, Ehu academy became the camp of southeast training regiment.

The academy building complex covers an area of more than 8000 square meters, with a construction area of 4800 square meters. It faces north from south, and the main buildings are arranged on the central axis. Since the establishment of e Lake academy. The scale of the building has changed several times. The basic layout after the construction in 1847 is: the front of the courtyard wall is near the Zhaotang, and the left gate and the right gate inside the wall. The architecture consists of six parts: first, the head gate; second, the Qingshi stele square; third, panchi, on which there is a carved stone arch bridge; fourth, Yimen, three Ying, two wings with veranda; fifth, Huiyuan hall, five Ying; sixth, the imperial library. There are 20 reading rooms in the East and West.

Architecture

[Zuoyi Road, Youli gate]

At the East and west walls where the chambers on both sides of the front door intersect with the front wall, it is the main gateway for the academy to connect with the outside world. Arched door opening, single eaves veranda for the gatehouse top. The plaque on the west gate: "e Hu academy", the Yin gate: "the holy land of Xian Guan", and the plaque on the East Gate: "Renshan knows water".

[Toumen]

North forward Zhaobi, Nantong into the hospital. Five bay, open hall in front of the ridge purlin, hanging mountain, slightly hard mountain, five mountain screen wall. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a large wooden door and a pair of drum stones. On the plaque: "Dunhua education". There are rooms in the second half of the room. There are three houses in the East and three in the west, with hard hills and gables.

[Jing Xi Zi Lu]

On the east side of the stone archway, next to the gate of "Yipu", it is carved with stone, which is a furnace for burning paper. In contrast to Yipu, there is the gate of jingshe, which is the gate of Tongdong and Xiyuan's miscellaneous service residence and Shizi's house.

Stone archway

Standing between panchi and Toumen, it was built in 1511, the sixth year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty. The plaque on the front: "the master of gentle", and the plaque on the back: "carry on the cause and open up the future". In the late period of the "Cultural Revolution", when he criticized Confucius and Zhu Xi, some people had already hung the rope on the archway, but they couldn't pull it. Fang intends to do something else to destroy it. At that time, the headmaster here dared to "risk the world's great injustice" and even tried to persuade him to stop it. The stone archway survived the collapse.

[stele Pavilion]

Two, each in the East and west of the instrument door with the north of the house, panchi on both sides, opposite. The appearance is the same, single eaves Xieshan, three Bay, four pillars. However, the column shape is different: the East Pavilion column is square and the West Pavilion column is round. Maybe it implies "the similarities and differences between Zhu and Lu".

Pan Chi

In front of the gate, it is semicircle, on which the single arch bridge passes through the middle gate of the gate. It was chiseled in 1453. The watchpost and appendix of the railing around the pool are made of bluestone. The patterns, patterns and handwriting have left the characteristics of different times.

[Yimen]

Before the lecture. It takes the meaning of "You Yi Ke Xiang". Five bay, Ming, secondary hanging mountain, slightly hard mountain, through the bucket type, open hall in front of the purlin, standing wooden plate door three. Plaque: "the school of Taoism".

[lecture hall]

In front of Si Xian temple. Three Bay, open hall, stoplog type, single eaves Xieshan. In front of the wall of the middle hall is the platform, and the walls on both sides imitate Zhu Xi's calligraphy style, with four big characters: loyalty, filial piety, honesty and integrity. There are corridors outside the main entrance and on the two sides, which are connected with the stele corridor built according to the courtyard wall. Behind the corridor, there are doors leading to the Shizi houses on both sides.

[inner courtyard stele Pavilion]

Two, on both sides of the back of the lecture hall, against the courtyard wall, with single eaves and four corners.

Si Xian Temple

In the north of the imperial library, four sages were worshipped. Five, single eaves Xieshan, folded beam type, with corridor. For many years. There are also five single slope stele corridors on the left and right, which are attached to the inner side of the courtyard wall and connected with the two small stele pavilions.

[imperial library]

It is located at the highest place in the south of the academy and expanded during the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty. Nine Bay, with wooden plate wall divided into three, Ming has a building, double eaves rest peak, between a layer, hard mountain, five mountain screen wall. On the side of the hill, the structure is of bucket type, the mid span is of stoplog type, the door has ten round wooden columns, and there are corridors in the front and back. On both sides of the front corridor, a few steps away, there are doors to the inner courtyard and to the East and West academician's house. The back porch is along the entrance of "half moon pool" in the middle. At the southernmost end, the earthen terrace is about five feet high, which can be ascended from both sides of the half moon pool. Above the main gate of the Ming Dynasty is a plaque of "poor Li Ju Jing" and a couplet on the front: "Zhang Yan, Yue Lang, Zhong Tian Jing, Shi Jing, Bo Fen, Tai Chi Quan".

[no house, miscellaneous house]

The East and West outer courtyards are bounded by the houses on both sides of the Yimen gate. They enter into the South and line up two rows of Shizi's houses. They are places where Shizi devote themselves to study and study. They go out in the north and line up a row for the deacons and clerks of the Academy. The two rows of houses and one row of miscellaneous houses are built in front of the corridor and courtyard. There are more than 100 houses in the East and west of the Academy.

Wenchang Pavilion and Guandi Temple

There are three rooms in each of them. The emperor Wenchang and the emperor Guansheng were worshipped inside.

[inscription]

There are 14 existing ancient steles in Ehu Academy. Among them: there are four existing inscriptions in the East stele Pavilion. There are 5 steles in the West stele Pavilion. There are two stele corridors in the back of the door, two in the East corridor and one in the west corridor. The eastern end of the front porch of the imperial library is inlaid with a stele. One tablet of "notice" is embedded on the right side of the west gate.

[source of atlas data]

】

history

During the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), Confucian scholars were popular in lecturing and academies were developed. In 1175, Zhu Xi, Lu Zuqian, Lu Jiuling, Lu Jiuyuan, etc. talked about the e Lake Temple. They held their own opinions and "talked about what they heard". This is the famous "e Lake meeting" in the history of philosophy. Song Chunyou ten years (1250), renamed "Wenzong Academy.".

In 1313, Huiyuan hall was added.

During the reign of Jingtai in Ming Dynasty (1450-1456), it was rebuilt and expanded, and officially named "e Lake academy".

The academy has been destroyed and rebuilt for more than 800 years from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. Among them, the renovation and expansion project in the 56th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1717) was the largest.

In 1957, Jiangxi Provincial Department of culture allocated funds for renovation; in 1959, it was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Jiangxi Province; during the cultural revolution, it was damaged by the "Red Guards"; in 1983, Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of culture allocated funds for renovation, and it was listed as a provincial cultural relic protection unit;

In October 2000, with the approval of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, an international academic seminar was held here to commemorate the 870th anniversary of Zhu Zi's birth. It is the patriotic education base of Shangrao City. On May 25, 2006, as an ancient building from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Ehu Academy was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

[source of atlas data]

】

Chinese PinYin : E Hu Shu Yuan