Daci Temple

Daci Temple is known as "the first forest of the Sinian", which has existed for more than 1600 years. Today, the most talked about in the rebuilt Daci Temple is that Xuanzang received precepts and lectured here, which is far less magnificent than before. However, the prosperous Daci Temple can still keep the courtyard quiet, with towering ancient trees, which can not be missed by those who love Buddhism.

In addition, there is a vegetarian restaurant in the temple, surrounded by time-honored snack shops such as red star Bunny and Liao Ji Bangbang chicken; Chunxi Road is in the northwest of Dacisi, and you can walk through Dacisi road and Zongfu road.

Daci Temple

Daci Temple, also known as the ancient dachengci temple, is located in a section of Dongfeng Road, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. It was built between the 3rd and 4th centuries A.D. and is known as "the first forest of the Sinian".

In 622 A.D., Xuanzang was over 20 years old and officially received a full commandment in this temple. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty once granted an imperial edict to build dashengci temple. After its rise and fall, it was destroyed many times by war. The existing temples were rebuilt one after another from Shunzhi to Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty.

History of baosha

Time of temple construction

Daci Temple in Chengdu, founded in Wei and Jin Dynasties, flourished in Tang and Song dynasties. It has a long history, a profound culture, a large scale, a large number of eminent monks, and has been passed down as "the first forest of Sinian". The temple was first built in the third and fourth centuries A.D., more than 1600 years ago, according to the calculation of the Indian monk's treasured palm in the Song Dynasty's Puji's "five Lantern Festival yuan" that "during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, he traveled to this land to the East, came to Shu to worship the sages, and left great benevolence.".

Tang and Song Dynasties

In 618, the first year of Wude in Tang Dynasty, master Xuanzang of Sanzang came to Chengdu from Chang'an and studied Buddhist scriptures with master Baoxian, Daoji and Zhizhen. In the spring of the fifth year of Wude (622), Xuanzang received precepts at the Law Academy of Daci Temple in Chengdu and sat down to study the law in summer. During his four or five years in Chengdu, Xuanzang studied all kinds of sects and often lectured in Daci and Konghui temples, which was admired by Shu people. Xuanzang was not satisfied with this. Instead, he sailed through the Three Gorges, passing through Jingzhou to Chang'an, realizing his great feat of going to the west to learn Buddhist scriptures. In the 15th year of Tang Tianbao (756), an Lushan captured Chang'an and Tang Xuanzong took refuge in Chengdu. Xuanzong saw Yinggan, a monk of Daci Temple, giving porridge on the streets of Chengdu to relieve the poor people and pray for the country. He was deeply moved. He wrote a plaque for the great sage temple and granted 1000 mu of farmland. In addition, the third prince Wuxiang Zen master of the former Silla state (now South Korea), who traveled to Shu, personally supervised the construction of 8542 large-scale Royal monasteries with 96 monasteries.

In the 17th year of Zhengyuan (801), Weigao built the Puxian Pavilion of Daci Temple and excavated the Yuxi River to flow through the front of the temple, which made the environment of Daci Temple more perfect and became a famous preaching resort in the Tang Dynasty. In the second year of emperor Mu Zong's Changqing reign (822), the eminent monk Zhixuan (Master Wuda) lectured at Puxian, with an audience of more than 10000 people every day.

In the fifth year of Huichang (845), Emperor Wuzong destroyed Buddhism. Because of the title of Emperor Xuanzong, Daci Temple was the only Buddhist temple preserved in Chengdu at that time and the largest Buddhist temple in Sichuan at that time.

Because Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty and Emperor Xizong of Tang Dynasty were lucky to Shu successively, many famous painters also gathered in Chengdu, which made the style of Chengdu painting prosperous. In Daci Temple alone, there are more than a thousand murals, and there are as many as 60 or 70 famous painters who have left their works. According to Li Zhichun's "Secretary of the great sage CI Temple" in the Song Dynasty, "in the words of the whole world, there are no more paintings in Tang Dynasty than in Chengdu; compared with Chengdu, there is no such thing as the prosperity of the great sage CI temple." In the Song Dynasty, Fan Chengda's notes on the names of ancient temples in Chengdu and Huang Xiufu's records of famous paintings in Yizhou recorded the author and content of the frescoes in Daci Temple. In the first year of song Jiayou (1056), Su Shi and his younger brother Su you visited Daci Temple. They highly praised the works of Lu Lengjia, the master of Buddhist painting in the Tang Dynasty, and called the murals of Daci Temple "exquisite".

Song people believe that it is the reincarnation of the 455th arhat and the founder of Jingzhong and Baotang Zen School. In Song Dynasty, Daolong Buddhist monk became a monk in Daci Temple at the age of 13. After he became a monk in the temple, he led his disciples to Japan in the sixth year of Chunyou (1246) and spread Zen Buddhism for the first time. During his thirty-two years in Japan, Daolong had many disciples, and his fame can be compared with that of Jianzhen monk in Tang Dynasty. After Daolong's death, he bestowed the title of "Zen master Dajue", which was the beginning of the posthumous title of Zen master in Japan.

At the peak of Tang and Song Dynasties, Daci Temple occupied less than half of the east city of Chengdu. It was a famous tourist area in Chengdu at that time, and every temple fair was more lively. The business is prosperous near Daci Temple. There are seasonal markets in front of the temple, such as lamp market, flower market, silkworm market, medicine market, hemp market and Qibao market. At the same time, night markets also formed on both sides of jieyuxi. From Fang Xingsheng's description of "climbing the Yunjin Pavilion in front of Daci Temple to watch the Jinjiang night market" and Tian Kuang's poem "climbing the pavilion to watch the night market of Daci Temple", this paper explains the grand occasion of the night market near Daci Temple in Song Dynasty. The custom of night market has been followed to modern times.

Ming and Qing Dynasties

In 1435, the Daci Temple was destroyed by fire and was rebuilt in the late Ming Dynasty. During the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, it was rebuilt and inscribed by the magistrate Ji Ying Xiong. In 1867, it was rebuilt again. On the central axis, there are Shanmen hall, Maitreya hall, Guanyin hall, Daxiong hall, shuotang hall, sutra collection building and reception hall (demolished by Dongfeng Road in 1958). On both sides, there are Hakka hall, Zhaitang hall, Zen hall, abstinence hall, etc., covering an area of more than 40 mu. Above the Shanmen hall, there is a stone plaque inscribed on the list of Huang Yunhu, an official of Sichuan Province, "ancient Da Sheng CI Temple"; on each side, there are three halls On the stone pillars of the hall, there are couplets written by Gu Fuchu, a famous scholar of the Qing Dynasty.

modern

In 1981, Daci Temple was declared as a cultural relic protection unit in Chengdu. In 1983, Daci Temple was rebuilt as Chengdu Museum. At the end of 2003, with the approval of Chengdu Municipal People's government, a preparatory group for the restoration and opening of Daci Temple was established. On April 8, 2004, Daci Temple was officially opened to the public. On June 25, 2005, Da en Da monk was honored as the first generation abbot of Zhongxing in Chengdu Daci Temple.

historical value

The temple was first built in the third and fourth centuries A.D., more than 1600 years ago, according to the calculation of the Indian monk's palm in the Song Dynasty's Puji's "five Lantern Festival yuan" that "during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, he traveled to this land to the East, came to Shu to pay homage to the sages, and left great kindness.". Daci Temple has experienced the rise and fall, and has been destroyed many times. The existing halls were rebuilt after Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty. There are Tianwang, Guanyin, Daxiong halls, shuotang and Sutra collection hall. Daxiong hall and Sutra collection building are majestic with gorge stones as pillars. The temple is magnificent with deep courtyard and towering ancient trees. Now there are tea garden, chess garden and famous snack bar.

Daci Temple in Tang and Song Dynasties was the center of Buddhist academic exchanges among China, South Korea and Japan. Wuxiang Zen master of Silla state (today's Korea) in Tang Dynasty was a prince of Silla. He came to Chang'an in the 16th year of Kaiyuan (728) and was summoned by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. Then he went to Shu to pay homage to Zhishen and Chuji Zen master. Xuanzong was lucky to be in Sichuan, and was summoned again, and ordered to rebuild Daci Temple in Chengdu.

Cultural value

Ancient temple ink treasures

At present, the five characters of "ancient Great Sage Temple" on the mountain gate were signed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in the sixth year of Guangxu (1880), more than 120 years ago. This shows that the plaque is not a royal plaque written by Tang Xuanzong or Tang Xizong in folklore. The ancient plaque is about 70 cm high and 3 meters long, carved from red stone. The model year is "the sixth year of Guangxu, the day of Buddha becoming Tao" (that is, the eighth day of lunar month), and the signature is "the book of Chu Qi and Huang Yunhu". There are two small stone plaques on each side, which are respectively engraved with the words of "true liberation gate" and "great bright road".

Famous paintings and bronze statues

Historically, the most distinctive and influential cultural relics of "Daci Temple" are famous paintings and bronze Buddha. According to experts' evaluation, all the portraits of the temple are "unique at that time", which is an extremely precious and rare art treasure house.

According to Huang Xiufu's Yizhou famous paintings and Fan Chengda's notes on the names of ancient temples in Chengdu, there are 1215 Buddha statues, 262 king of heaven, king of Ming and great God generals, and 114 Buddhist scriptures on the walls of the temple. Su Shi of Song Dynasty was once praised as "the most exquisite in the world". Li Zhichun of Song Dynasty said in the painting notes of Da Sheng CI Temple: "in the words of the whole world, the painting of Tang Dynasty is as prosperous as Da Sheng CI temple.". In particular, Guanxiu, a famous monk in Sichuan Province, is most famous for his painting of crossing the sea and Luohan (collected in the collection of famous Chinese paintings in the pavilion of equality (published by the Zhengshu Bureau in Shanghai in 1934). The original collector di Pingzi wrote on the left side of the original painting: "on the original silk, there is a monk who came to answer the question:" Guan Xiu, a monk of Shu, is in Luohan Pavilion in the sixth patriarchal courtyard of Da Sheng CI temple in Chengdu, where he is visiting lulengjia of Tang Dynasty and crossing the sea. ". Five hundred years later, the disciples came back and traveled here. They were respectful and respectful. It is said that there were hundreds of bronze Buddha and stone Buddha in the temple. They were destroyed by war and chaos. Among them, the most famous are two: one was destroyed in 1927; the other was preserved after liberation.

Folktales

Hou Jitu, the Minister of Song Dynasty, didn't make a deep impression when he was an official in Chengdu, but his wonderful marriage in Daci Temple was a good story in the poem. The Song Dynasty's Yuxi Lun Shi records that Hou Jitu, even as an official, kept his gentle and elegant Confucian style, and often visited Chengdu's cultural scenic spot Daci Temple. "One day, the autumn wind is blowing all around. (Hou Jitu) leaning against the fence, there are big Tung leaves, floating and falling." There is a poem: swab green convergence double moth, for Yu heart things.

If you are in charge of the court, you can write Acacia. This word is not written on stone, this word is not written on paper.

The book to the autumn leaves, is willing to chase the autumn wind. The world has the heart person, the solution Acacia dies;

The world of heartless people, do not know Acacia. I don't know where I'm going.

Moreover, the font on the leaf is also very beautiful. Therefore, houjitu took the leaves home and collected them. Five years later, Hou Jitu married Cheng

Chinese PinYin : Da Ci Si