Erxian Temple

Erxian Temple

Taoism is a famous temple. In the east of Qingyang Palace on the North Bank of Baihuatan outside tonghuimen, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, it is now in the cultural park. It was founded in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1662-1722).

Erxian'an is a famous forest of ten directions of Quanzhen Taoism. It is the ancestral court of bidong sect of Longmen sect in Quanzhen. It is also the only forest of ten directions with preaching conditions in Southwest China. The ancestor of Er Xian'an is Chen qingjue (1606-1705), a famous Taoist of Longmen sect in Quanzhen.

Introduction to architecture

The main buildings in Neiyuan are dashanmen, Sanguan hall, bell and Drum Tower, luzu hall, Erxian hall, Yuhuang hall, Doumu hall, Sanhuang hall, baishen hall, sutra collection building, guest hall and daoshe. The main building is luzu hall. In the hall, the statue of Lu Dongbin, the founder of Chunyang, was once worshipped. It is the place where various major Taoist activities were held in the nunnery.

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1662-1722), Peng Dingqiu, a Jinshi of Changzhou, had his edition of daocang Jiyao destroyed soon. In 1906, Yan Yonghe, the abbot of Erxian temple, and Peng Hanran of Xinjin, initiated the re engraving. He longyi of Jingyan participated in the revision and added the sequel of daocang Jiyao. The current edition of daocang Jiyao is the edition of Erxian temple.

The block was originally preserved in the printing room of the nunnery and moved to Qingyang palace in 1961. It is one of the famous Taoist temples in Chengdu.

Historical evolution

Zhao Liangbi and Chen qingjue began to build Erxian nunnery

Erxian temple was founded in 1695 by Zhao Liangbi, the governor of Sichuan Province. Erxian Temple used to be a garden in the east of Qingyang palace, covering an area of about 70 mu. It used to be used to receive dignitaries and celebrities.

In 1695, Zhao Liangbi visited Qingyang palace to seek truth.

He swam in the garden on the east side of Qingyang palace, looking for the remains of Zhang Sanfeng's real life poem stele. "If he was in a trance, he walked into the bamboo grove and saw the grass and the ladles. There was a Taoist priest who had a little picture inside. He painted two images of immortals. He asked the Taoist priest, and he was surprised to see Lu (Dongbin) and Han (Xiangzi).

The Taoist of Chu, who came from Qingcheng and was named Chen qingjue, was deeply related to Yuan Zhi. He respected Chen qingjue as a man of integrity and cultivation, and then extended to the Department. He took the teacher's courtesy, talked about it for a few days, received the humble words, and paid the donation to build a place for Chen qingjue to keep quiet. Zhao Liangbi "spent his land, managed the base site, purchased wood plants, paid to the people of Bizi, built a pavilion, three Jianjing rooms, East and West Shuonan, and each built a quiet place Room, another set up an single six, also connected to the public.

There are three guest rooms, one for pleasure, and another three for the elderly. There are 24 kitchen houses, with bamboo and wood planted in front and back.

② In order to solve the source of food and clothing for the Taoists, "he also calculated the need of food and clothing, that is, two contracts were set at Jin'an, with a share price of 82 yuan. Each year, 17 stones of grain could be planted for the way of this temple, that is, all the people would come and go to Anshan, and they would not refuse to go, and they would support each other as a whole.

③ At that time, Gao junle, a vassal of Sichuan Province, also helped the silver thirty Liang, and Li Mu, the prefectural protector, built a waishanmen together with the county magistrate.

When the Taoist temple was built, it was also dedicated to LV Dongbin and Han Xiangzi. "Its name is Qingyang Erxian temple, so the auxiliary wing of the Taoist temple is also the other hall of Qingyang palace. During this period, the twists and turns, the new settlement, all unexpected.

Zhao Liangbi wrote a plaque on the door: "Er Xian an" and a horizontal plaque "Xin Xing". Zhao Liangbi invited Chen qingjue to preside over the nunnery affairs. Therefore, Chen qingjue became the founder of Erxian temple.

In 1696, Zhao Liangbi moved to Zhejiang Province as a vassal. He was afraid that the leader of Lijia would disturb Erxian nunnery in the future. He wrote a special letter to Chengdu county magistrate of Chengdu government, "tell BenAn and the leader of Lijia to know that no private faction is allowed when the land is contracted and the grain is finished. If there are many people in Lijia, the abbot of BenAn will take it even if his name is given In fact, we should never do anything wrong.

⑤ Before leaving, Zhao Liangbi ordered his painter Chen qingjue and his portrait to be kept in Erxian nunnery.

In the following year, Zhao Liangbi was promoted to Guangdong and Guangxi. He went to Beijing to introduce Chen qingjue.

Later, Emperor Kangxi ordered Chen qingjue to come to Beijing with a few kilos of Qingcheng shanmao tea. Kangxi tasted the tea and praised its taste, which made him pay tribute to Qingcheng shanmao tea all the year round.

In December of Renwu in the 41st year of Kangxi (1702), the emperor granted the plaque of "Er Xian'an" and "Dan Tai Bi Dong" to the emperor, and the poem "Wu Zhen Pian" written by immortal Zhang Ziyang in Song Dynasty: "red dragon, black tiger, four elephants, five already in the East, the report can be used, who can't succeed in the golden elixir" Chapter 6. He also granted coral, gold cup and other things, and granted Chen qingjue the title of "Bi Dong immortal".

Therefore, Chen qingjue opened the branch of Longmen sect, bidong sect, in erxian'an, which was respected as the ancestral court of bidong sect.

When Chen qingjue was in charge of the nunnery, in order to cultivate the Taoist temple, he spared no money, so he took out hundreds of taels of silver and bought two shares of Zaozi Lane field industry. Then he built Laihe pavilion with his spare money, and made statues of LV Dongbin and Han Xiangzi riding white crane in it. Then he built Lvzu hall to worship LV Dongbin, doulao hall to worship doulao, and royal bookshop to the west of Laihe pavilion to worship Emperor Kangxi《 The second immortal temple was built to worship LV Dongbin and Han Xiangzi, which established the architectural pattern of the whole Er Xian temple.

Wu bengu and Gan Hetai rebuilt Erxian nunnery

In 1776, Wu bengu, the abbot of Er Xian temple, and his apprentice Gan Hetai raised money to rebuild various halls, including Laihe Pavilion, doulao hall, er Xian hall, quiet room and single room.

In addition, "Zhang Sanfeng's stele has been abandoned for a long time, and he has been standing in front of an nunnery; Hong Chengding, the magistrate of Anyue County, Tongchuan Prefecture, Sichuan Province, is glad to see Zhang Sanfeng's stele and inscribes his poems in the shade of the stele.". Wu bengu and Gan Hetai also dug ponds to raise fish to increase their economic income.

Fang Ji made Lvzu Hall of erxian'an a special shrine for lvdongbin

In 1814, the governor of Sichuan Province, Fang Ji, asked for permission to decorate the ancestral hall of Lu Dongbin in Erxian temple. In the 10th year of Jiaqing period (1805), LV Dongbin was granted the title of "Xie Yuan Zan Yun Jing Hua Fu you di Jun", which was included in the national sacrificial ceremony and was sacrificed twice in spring and autumn every year. Emperor Jiaqing asked all provinces to build special temples to worship LV Dongbin.

Fang Ji, the governor of Sichuan Province, thought that there was no need to build a new temple and decided to implement it in the existing temples.

After a visit to Fuli temple in Chengdu, the original Chunyang temple was destroyed, so it was decided to build Lvzu Hall of erxian'an into a special temple for worshiping lvdongbin in Sichuan Province.

Fang Ji saw that erxian'an had a long time of sacrifice, and was invaded by wind and rain. It was covered with water, peeled off, flowers and egrets, incense of smoke and dragon, moss buried in stone path, and corroded by moldy beams and beetles.

⑧ It was reported to Sichuan governor Chang Ming for funding the reconstruction of luzu hall, dedicated to the worship of luzu. Since then, luzu Hall of Erxian nunnery has become a special shrine for worshiping lvdongbin in Sichuan Province.

Li Yongren, Zhang Yongliang and others repaired Erxian nunnery

In 1825, Li Yongren, the abbot of Erxian temple, saw that the temple was gradually collapsing. He asked Cheng (capital) and Hua (Yang) counties to send out 630 taels of silver for repair.

⑨ After repair, Erxian temple was restored to its former appearance.

In 1833, Zhang Yongliang, the supervisor of erxian'an, and Miao ligui, the Zhike of erxian'an, called on chuandu'e to purchase 32 pieces of Royal wood and send silver 5422 Liang to build lvzu'an, doulao'an and erxian'an So it has a new look.

Yucheng changed Erxian nunnery into "Shifang jungle"

In 1849, Sichuan Governor Yu Cheng led his subordinates to visit Erxian nunnery. He asked Erxian nunnery to be changed into "Shifang jungle" and wrote "Shifang jungle" for it. "Then Taoist priest Luo, the Zhibin, carried the potted flowers to the Department.

We called to the back hall and inquired about the communication between them. So we gave them the word "jungle in ten directions" and the seal of the title bell. We ordered them to go to the book, engrave their forehead and hang them in the hall, so as to meet the masses of ten directions and go to Penglai together, so as to continue the history of the coast.

The abbot and others should not be regarded as their own things. They should control them alone and pass them on to their grandchildren. Only in this way can they be said to have all kinds of things and be spotless, and the practice of true cultivation be carried out. "

Therefore, Zhang Yongliang and Miao ligui changed Erxian temple into "Shifang jungle" -- the ownership system of daozhong, changed private temple into public temple, hung the plaque of "Shifang jungle" written by Yucheng in the hall, and received the public by andan. There are more and more people from southwest provinces who come to the nunnery to hold a single post. They choose the virtuous people to hold the post. At that time, Zhang Yongliang was old and tired, so he entrusted Yan Yonghe to the temple.

Preaching precepts in the opening period of erxian'an and re publishing the essentials of Taoist collection

During the period from 1867 to 1887, the two immortals' nunnery was in the process of being abandoned, so the halls were rebuilt. However, houjue has a long history, and the wind and rain will erode it, so it is in danger Zhang Gong Xi Rong, a retired Buddhist monk, had a deep understanding with Yan Yonghe, a Taoist priest. He was good at Taoism and worshipped Lu Zuyou Qian. He first proposed to donate 500 liang of silver. If they were not enough, they invited Yin Zou and Shen ERGONG of Yu County, then Gong, the former chief political secretary, and Yin, the former supervisor of tea ceremony, to pay 500 Liang each; Wang Gongjian, the former magistrate of Chengdu, paid 200 Liang each; Zhao Gongxian, a good scholar of Jiangbei hall, donated 600 liang of silver to the stone pillars of the main hall; and they also raised money from officials, gentry, businessmen, and all the people of Zhushan road to collect a total of 440 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Er Xian An