East Island

The southernmost Nature Reserve in China is an ideal place for diving, fishing and sightseeing.

East Island is located in the outer sea of Sanya Bay, 8 nautical miles away from Sanya. It is the military zone of Hainan with luxuriant trees and charming scenery. There are a lot of corals growing in the sea area around the East Island, which belongs to the national coral reserve. Because it is far away from the coast, there is little pollution and the water is clear and transparent.

East Island

The east island of the eastern part of Paracel Islands in China is located on the East Island Atoll (east of the Xuan de Islands) on the east side of the island. It is about 50 km southeast of Yongxing Island, and is the second largest island in Paracel Islands. The source of the name is qilianyu.

The island is rectangular, surrounded by sandbanks, the middle of the island is low-lying, covering an area of 1.7 square kilometers. The island is composed of rising reef and coral shell sand body. It has a tropical marine climate, high temperature and rainy all year round. It is one of the most advantageous regions in China.

After dredging the channel, a wharf was built on the west side of the island, and the Chinese Navy garrison was stationed on the island.

Bison herd on the East Island: it was brought into the East Island by the exiles who fled from the sea in the 40 years (late Ming and early Qing) around 1659

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Administratively, it is under the jurisdiction of Sansha City, Hainan Province, China.

survey

East island of Paracel Islands in eastern China, located on the east side of the island, the East Island Atoll (belonging to the hant Islands).

Qilianyu is a coral island with coordinates of 112 ° 44 ′ 00 ″ E and 16 ° 40 ′ 00 ″ n. The island is a long strip with a length of about 2400 meters, a width of about 1000 meters and a land area of about 1.7 square kilometers. The island is an inherent territory of China.

The average altitude of the island is only 4-5 meters, and the highest is on the sandbank, about 8.5 meters. The sandbank is 60 meters wide. At the south end of the island, there is also a sand mouth composed of coarse sand extending out of the reef, and there are two new sandbars on the reef in the north of the island.

Island history

Professor Sun Liguang of University of Science & Technology China studied the secret of the tsunami in the Paracel Islands around 1024. The tsunami may have wiped out life on xishadong island for a time.

The development of the island is early, and there are Ming Dynasty small stone temple sites in the northeast and southwest of the island.

In 1905, Li Zhun, the governor of Guangdong Navy, visited the sea and named Fengrun island after the native place of Zhang Renjun.

In 1935, the government of the Republic of China announced its name as "Linkang island".

In 1947, the government of the Republic of China announced the name of "Hewu island" to commemorate pan Hewu, the leader of the 16th century uprising against the Spanish colonists in the Philippines.

In 1983, the government of the people's Republic of China announced its name as "East Island".

In 1996, the Chinese government issued a statement on the scope of China's territorial waters. There are three points in the east island that are the base points of China's territorial waters.

Dongdao (1) 16 ° 40.5'n 112 ° 44.2'e

Dongdao (2) 16 ° 40.1'n 112 ° 44.5'e

Dongdao (3) 16 ° 39.8'n 112 ° 44.7'e

Ecological resources

Botany

The vegetation on the island is luxuriant, and there are forests composed of native tree species, such as Jatropha curcas, silverwool trees and other shrubs around the island. In addition, there are a large number of artificially planted coconut trees, Casuarina equisetifolia, etc.

Tropical plants, dense forests, more than 20 kinds of higher plants, natural vegetation belongs to coral island evergreen forest, by mapengtong (white avoid frost flower), coastal Tung, honeysuckle, Ranunculus, grass Pittosporum and other representative plants, artificial vegetation is coconut, olive (loquat), Casuarina and so on.

animal

There are many kinds of birds on the island, with tens of thousands of birds, most of which are white bonito. There is a marine Bird Nature Reserve.

In addition, there are many terrestrial animals on the island. There are more than 300 cattle and goats in 14 or 5 groups, and sometimes goats. There are wild dogs, pheasants, ducks, cats and so on. These animals were bred by fishermen living and producing on the island. They are also strictly protected.

Bison herd

"Bison" group has existed for 300 years on the east island of Xisha, China "reported:

In the early 1950s, when Xisha garrison was stationed in Dongdao, bison was found. However, they were short, thin and weak. Therefore, several strong yellow cattle were transported from Hainan Island. After mating, the breed bred was strong, running faster and the population increased.

According to research, the bison herd on the east island was brought into the island by the exiles who fled from the sea in the 40 years (late Ming and early Qing) around 1659.

Paradise of birds

Dongdao is worthy of the name of bird island in the vast South China Sea, and one of the largest bird reserves in China.

In 1980, China built a nature reserve in the east of Paracel Islands, which is 180 hectares of East Island. It is also the most protected nature reserve in China.

The island, especially the mapengtung community, provides a good place for red footed boobies to live. There are about 50000-100000 red footed boobies gathered here, like clusters of blooming white flowers, dazzling and charming. Sometimes they soar into the air, hovering, dancing and singing, forming a wonderful picture in the blue sky.

Red footed booby is a kind of resident bird. It doesn't make long-distance migration, but wanders over the sea area near its habitat after the breeding season. On the island where the red footed boobies have lived for generations, their excrement accumulated day by day and gradually formed a 1-2m thick layer of bird excrement. When wet, the excrement was black as peat, containing more water, organic matter, nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium and available phosphorus. With the development of weathering and soil forming process, the excrement was dehydrated, mineralized and mixed with coral, shell and foraminifera residues The cementation of detritus forms sapropelic, granular, massive and discoid materials.

Due to the long-term accumulation, there is a large amount of guano accumulation on the surface. Under the condition of high temperature and heavy rain, bird manure decomposes rapidly and releases phosphate. Along with the decomposition of litter, humic acid is produced and leached to the lower layer of soil. Combined with calcium in soil, bird manure phosphate rock is formed, and the texture is quite soft. It is rich in phosphorus, organic matter and nitrogen. This kind of bird manure phosphate fertilizer can be directly applied as long as the coarse bone part is screened out. It is a high-quality organic fertilizer.

In the daytime, fishermen sail to cast nets to catch fish according to the gathering and feeding directions of the boobies. In the evening, they follow the route they fly back to, and sail the fishing boats from the vast sea to the nearby islands. Fishermen call boobies "navigational birds.".

In addition to the red footed bonito, there are also Brown bonito, small warship bird, black naped tern, big Crested Tern, dark green embroidered eye and other birds on the East Island, as well as green turtles and hawksbill turtles that lay eggs on shore. They are also strictly protected.

resource protection

The total area of Xisha Dongdao National Aquatic germplasm resources protection zone is 30870 hectares, including 11113 hectares of core area and 19757 hectares of experimental area. The special protection period of core area is the whole year.

The protection area is located in the reef area around the Middle East island of Paracel Islands in Hainan province. The core area is located outside the East Island. It is surrounded by 4 inflexion points. The inflection coordinates are respectively (112 degree 42 'E, 16 degree 42' N, 112 degree 45 'E, 16 degree 42' N, 112 degree 42 'E, 42 degree' N ', and N' E '.

The experimental area is a sea area which extends from the core area to the periphery and is surrounded by four inflection points in sequence. The inflection point coordinates are I (112 ° 41 ′ e, 16 ° 43 ′ n; 112 ° 46 ′ e, 16 ° 43 ′ n; 112 ° 41 ′ e, 16 ° 38 ′ n; 112 ° 46 ′ e, 16 ° 38 ′ n).

The main protected objects are groupers, sharks, lobsters, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, horseshoe snails, hedgehog snails, Tridacna, corolla, red coral, Nautilus and other tropical marine species.

Construction of islands and reefs

The idea and starting point of East Island construction should be based on the principle of convenient transportation, sustainable energy and harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Ports, wharves and heliports with good shelter should be built.

The specific construction ideas are as follows:

1. The port wharf and helipad were built on the northwest reef vein of the reef. The original port was converted into a freshwater pond inside the booby nature reserve.

2. On the southeast side of the reef, a breakwater dam is built, on which windbreaks are planted, wind turbines, roads and lighthouses are built.

3. A breakwater was built on the edge of the reef, and the coral sand excavated in the process of deepening the port in the northwest side was used to fill the dry reef to make land, and the newly built land was afforested to make it a part of the booby nature reserve.

4. In the process of land reclamation, a 10m wide river channel was intentionally left on the reef to collect rainwater, improve the ecosystem of the reserve and facilitate patrol tourism.

5. The scope of people's life and work

Chinese PinYin : Dong Dao