frankincense

frankincense

(bielu)

[synonyms] xunluxiang (bielu), maweixiang (maweixiang), Pixiang (Haiyao materia medica), Tanxiang (MengXiBiTan), Xixiang (Bencao Yanyi), tianzexiang, molejiang, duojialuo and Yuxiang (compendium).

[source] it is the gum resin of frankincense Castanea.

[plant morphology] frankincense kaempferi

Dwarf shrubs, 4-5 m high, up to 6 m high. The trunk is stout, the bark is smooth, light brown yellow, papery, and the bark of thick branches is scaly and flaking gradually. Leaves alternate, dense or sparsely distributed on the upper part, odd pinnate compound leaves, 15-25 cm long, petioles covered with white hairs; leaflets 7-10 pairs, opposite, sessile, base smallest, gradually larger upward, leaflets ovate in length, 3.5 cm long, apex 7.5 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, apex obtuse, base rounded, subcordate or truncate, margin irregularly crenate, or nearly entire, both sides They are all white or glabrous. Flowers are small, arranged in sparse racemes; bracts ovate: calyx cup-shaped, apex 5-lobed, lobes triangular ovate; petals 5-lobed, pale yellow, ovate, about twice as long as sepals, apex acute; stamens 10, inserted on the lateral side of disk, filaments short; ovary superior, 3-4-locular, each locule with 2 vertical ovules, stigma capitate, slightly 3-lobed. Eucalyptus fruit obovate, about 1 cm long, triangular, blunt head, fleshy peel, thick, with 1 seed per chamber.

Distributed along the coast of the Red Sea to Libya, Sudan, Turkey and other places.

[collection] it can be harvested in spring and summer, with spring as the peak production period. When harvesting, the bark of trunk is cut from bottom to top, and a narrow groove is opened to make resin seep out from the wound and flow into the groove. After a few days, it condenses into a dry solid, and then it can be taken. Those falling on the ground often adhere to sand impurities, and the quality is inferior. This product is sticky, should be sealed, dust-proof; when it is hot, it will soften and change color, so it should be stored in a cool place.

[medicinal materials] the dry gum resin is usually small papillary, teardrop like particles or irregular small pieces, 0.5-3cm long, sometimes conglutinated into a mass. Pale yellow, often with a slight green, blue or brownish red. Translucent. There is a layer of white like dust on the surface. After removing the dust, the surface is still dull. It's hard and brittle. It's waxy in section. It's not glossy. A few of them are glassy. The air is slightly fragrant and the taste is slightly bitter. Chew it, break it into small pieces at the beginning, then soften it into rubber pieces, adhere to teeth, and saliva becomes milky, with a slight spicy feeling. When heated, it softens, has a slight aroma (but no pine aroma), emits black smoke and leaves black residue. It can form white emulsion when it is combined with a small amount of water. Light yellow, granular, translucent, no impurities of sand, stone and bark, sticky powder and fragrant are preferred.

It is mainly produced in Somalia and Ethiopia along the Red Sea.

In addition, there are several species of the same genus, such as Baoda frankincense and wild frankincense. The shape of frankincense is similar to that of the above species.

[chemical composition] it contains 60-70% resin, 27-35% gum and 3-8% volatile oil. The main components of the resin are 33% free α - and β - mastic acid, 1.5% conjugated mastic acid and 33% resin hydrocarbon. The gum is composed of 20% calcium and magnesium salts of Arabic acid, 6% viscidin of Astragalus membranaceus, and 0.5% bitterness. The volatile oil is light yellow and aromatic. It contains pinene, racemic limonene and α, β - phellandrene. Its main aromatic components are unknown.

[processing] frankincense: remove the sand impurities. Making frankincense: take out the frankincense and stir fry it in a pot with low heat until the melting point is slightly yellow on the surface, then take it out and let it cool; or when the surface is melted, spray rice vinegar and continue to stir fry until the outer layer is bright and transparent, then take it out and let it cool. (100kg of frankincense, 6kg of rice vinegar)

① "Pinhuijingyao" says: "all envoys (frankincense) are placed on Ruo, baked and melted with ash fire, waiting for cold, and used carefully. "

② According to the compendium, it is easy to grind frankincense into pills with less wine, fly over with water, and dry in the sun. It is easy to grind frankincense with wick, several grains of glutinous rice with glutinous rice, two or three pieces of human nails, or milk in a bowl in hot water. "

Hard work, warm.

① Bielu: "Weiwen. "

② "Rihuazi materia medica:" it is pungent, hot and slightly toxic. "

③ Li Gao: "the taste is bitter, spicy and hot. "

[meridian tropism] into the heart, liver and spleen meridians.

① Zhu Zhenheng: "start with Shaoyin. "

② According to the book of Materia Medica, it goes into foot Taiyin, hand Shaoyin and foot Jueyin. "

Functions and indications: regulating qi and activating blood circulation, calming pain and pursuing poison. Treatment of Qi and blood stagnation, abdominal pain, carbuncle sore swelling poison, traumatic injury, dysmenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis tingling.

① Bielu: "to cure Fengshui's poisonous swelling, to remove evil Qi. "Cure wind addiction, rash itch poison. "

② "Materia medica notes:" it can treat deafness, stroke, mouth silence, women's blood gas, hair wine, manage wind and cold, stop large intestine discharge, treat various sores, and make internal elimination. "

③ "Rihuazi materia medica:" stop cholera, heart and abdomen pain. The decocting ointment can relieve pain and grow meat. "

④ "Zheng Lei Ben Cao": "treat insomnia. "

⑤ "Pearl bag": the pain of calming all meridians. "

⑥ The compendium of Medical Sciences: "eliminate carbuncle and gangrene, protect the heart, promote blood circulation, relieve pain, stretch tendons, treat dystocia and fracture of women. "

⑦ Ben Cao Cong Xin: "cure mania, stop diarrhea. "

⑧ "Yao Yao Fen Ji": "for those who suffer from red and white diarrhea and abdominal pain, adding frankincense is effective. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 1-3 Qian; or into the pill, powder. External use: grind and apply.

[should avoid] pregnant women should not take it.

① According to the classic of Materia Medica, "carbuncle and gangrene have been ulcerated, so it is not suitable to take them. When there is a lot of pus, it is not suitable to use them quickly. "

② According to the book of the classics, do not use the weak stomach. "

[prescription selection] ① the pain of heart qi is unbearable: three liang of frankincense and four liang of real tea. For the end, to the blood of the deer and the ball, the marble is big. Take one pill each time. (ruizhutang experience recipe)

② Treatment of acute heartache: Pepper 49, frankincense money, for the end, ginger soup for men, angelica Soup for women. (Chudao powder in the wonderful prescription for taking care of life)

③ Treatment of Qi and blood stagnation, purulence, chest pain, leg pain, arm pain, internal and external sores, accumulation of all viscera, meridian obliteration: Danggui Wuqian, Danshen Wuqian, Shengming Ruxiang Wuqian, Shengming myrrh Wuqian. On the four herbs for soup, if for powder, a dose divided into four times, warm wine sent down. (Huoluo Xiaoling pill in Zhongshen Xilu of Medicine)

④ After treatment of postpartum blood stasis is not clear, attack and stab the heart and abdomen pain: frankincense, myrrh (baked oil on tiles) each three money, wulingzhi, yanhusuo, peony bark, Guizhi each five money (fried yellow), black beans one or two (fried into charcoal). A total of the end, each serving three money, ginger soup tune. (the first collection of Li Nian)

⑤ For the treatment of injuries: frankincense, myrrh, angelica, safflower and peach. Take it in water. (Ben Cao Hui Yan)

⑥ For the treatment of back brain gangrene, and all kinds of ulcers, internal ulcers, and all kinds of vicious heart vomiting: one or two of frankincense (for those who are familiar with the disease, soak it in water and grind it in a bowl), and two of real mung bean powder (for those who are familiar with the disease). The upper two ingredients are studied very carefully. Every time you take a dagger, you can adjust it with new water. You can't have too much water. You need medicine on the chest diaphragm. (Toray soup in Shengji Zonglu)

⑦ It's unbearable to treat sore: frankincense, myrrh, cold water stone, talc, borneol. For fine powder, apply on the affected area. (Ruxiang Dingtong powder in the play of surgery)

⑧ For the treatment of fish stomach carbuncle and anal bleeding, those who have been rotten for a long time can reduce swelling and relieve pain: frankincense, myrrh (each degreased) each one or two, musk one and a half, androgen five (each refined), and yellow rice two or two. Radish, such as sun dried, mashed. Give three money for each serving of old wine, and get sweat when drunk. (Xingxiao pill in surgery Quansheng Ji)

⑨ Treatment of suppurative dactylitis, acute mastitis: frankincense five money, alum, pepper each two money, scallion number root. Decoct and wash several times a day. (selected materials of new medical treatment of Chinese herbal medicine, Inner Mongolia)

⑩ Cure Yin cold er more than: frankincense, sulfur, AI each two money. For fine powder, use good wine for one hour, boil several times, take advantage of heat, make the patient smell it. Rub the chest with ginger. (Ruxiang sulfur powder in shanghanquanshengji)

(11) treatment of sleep and spermatorrhea: a piece of frankincense, big thumb, chew when lying down, contain it to the third watch, and swallow it. 3、 Five clothes. (Yilin Jiyao)

(12) treatment of mouth and eye deviation: burn frankincense and smoke it to follow its blood. (key to syndrome differentiation and treatment)

The treatment of throat bone lump: frankincense a money, water research service. (Yi Jian Fang for health)

(14) the pain is unbearable: Chew smoked Lu Xiang and swallow its juice. (Mei Shi Ji Yi Fang)

[discussion by famous experts] 1. In the compendium, frankincense runs through the heart meridian, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Therefore, it is an important medicine for carbuncle, sore, heart and abdomen pain. "Plain questions" says: all kinds of pain, itching, sores and ulcers belong to heart fire. It is widely used in obstetrics, and its function of promoting blood circulation is also taken Yang qingsou said: ordinary people who can't stretch their tendons should add frankincense to the dressing, which can stretch their tendons. "

② According to the classic of Materia Medica, "Fengshui is poisonous and swollen. It is evil that dries the heart and spleen, and the evil Qi invades. It is also easy to be attacked by the deficiency of the two meridians. Addiction rash itch poison, always because the heart and spleen for rheumatic heat evil caused by dry. The spleen governs the muscles, while pain, itching, sores and ulcers all belong to the heart fire. This medicine is entering the two meridians, and the pungent fragrance can disperse all the remaining knots, then all the syndromes will come to an end. According to the book of rihuazi, the decoction can relieve pain and grow flesh; according to Chen cangqiyun, it can cure women's blood gas, cure various sores, and make the interior disappear. Now people use it to treat the pain of internal injury, and the medicine of internal and external application of swelling toxin. "

③ "Ben Cao Hui Yan": "frankincense is a medicine for invigorating blood circulation, removing wind, relaxing tendons and relieving pain. Chen's invention of the cloud, xianglie away, so into the selection branch, with a lot of. It can also be used to disperse the fragrance, disperse the blood, expel the pus and ventilate the stagnant Qi. Therefore, carbuncle and ulcer can be treated, fracture and injury can be continued, postpartum blood stasis can be retained, a hundred pieces of swelling can be removed, cold and stagnant blood can be removed, dry nature and strong Qi can be removed, wind can be removed, blood circulation can be promoted, and toxin can be traced to relieve pain

Chinese PinYin : Ru Xiang