Luoguodi

Luoguodi

(selected Chinese herbal medicines in Yunnan)

[synonyms] Jinpen (Herba caomibianfang), jinguilian (Revised and supplemented Tianbao materia medica), jinyinpen (classified herbal medicine), touaristolochia (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine), jinyaolian and Qulian (selected works of the whole exhibition? Surgery), kujinpen (selected herbs of Yunnan).

[source] it is the tuberous roots of the Cucurbitaceae plants such as Cymbidium macrospermum, Cymbidium chinense and Cymbidium chinense.

[plant morphology] 1

Perennial climbing herb, 3-8m long, glabrous. The root tuber is oblate, inflated and weighs up to 10 kg. It has brown outer skin and white powder inside. Stem slender, longitudinal, tendrils more unbranched. Leaves alternate, compound and finger shaped; leaflets 5-9, narrowly ovate lanceolate, 4-12 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, apex acuminate, base cuneate, margin coarsely serrate; petiole 2-5 cm long. The flowers are unisexual, dioecious, with 3-5 flowers forming axillary cymes; the male flowers are small, less than 1 cm in diameter, with 5 calyx, ovate, yellow corolla, 5-lobed, lobes reflexed, white villi inside, stamens 5, separated, filaments short and thick; the female flowers have 5-lobed petals, reflexed, red yellow, 3 styles and 2 stigmas. Capsule cylindrical, ribbed. Seeds large and few, wingless. It blooms in summer.

It grows in the Bush on the wet hillside. It is distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan.

② Lovely snow gall, also known as: white lotus, snake lotus. The morphology is similar to that of the above species. Only leaflets elliptic or obovate; corolla lobes spreading, inner surface glabrous, seeds narrowly ovate, margin membranous wing.

It grows in semi shade of mountain area or cultivated. It is distributed in southwest and Central South China.

③ Chinese snow gall

The leaflets are short and broad; the corolla lobes are involute; the seed margin has membranous wings.

It is distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei and other places.

[collection] before the emergence of seedlings in February to March, or after the aboveground parts withered in September to October, dig out the root, remove the reed head and root whiskers, wash the sediment, cut the larger ones into pieces, and dry them in the sun or on the low fire Kang. This product is easy to get moldy and moth eaten. Don't get damp by all means. Turn it in the sun in summer and autumn.

[medicinal material] the intact root tuber is irregular round or oval in shape, slightly turtle like, and the larger one can be about 20 cm in diameter. Most of the incisors were in opposite, four or irregular blocks. The outer skin is brownish yellow or grayish brown, slightly rough; the cross section is pale white. It's solid and powdery. The taste is slightly bitter. It is better to have a uniform piece, thick meat, fine quality, less fiber, flat skin and bright yellow color. It is inferior if the body is black, dry, hollow and fibrous.

Produced in Yunnan and Sichuan.

In Yunnan Province, the roots of the same family are used as medicine.

[chemical constituents] there are saponins and bittern in the tubers of Cymbidium sibiricum and Cymbidium chinense. The contents of crude saponins are 5% and 10% respectively, and the contents of bittern are 1.5-2% and 0.2% respectively. The main aglycones of saponins are oleanolic acid, and the sugars are glucose, gum sugar and glucuronic acid. Recently, two kinds of saponins have been isolated from the tuberous roots of elegans. Elegans A and B. both aglycones are oleanolic acid. Another two kinds of tetracyclic triterpenoid bittern (bittern) were obtained: xuedansu A and B. the former is dihydrocucurbitacin f-25-acetyl ester, and the latter is dihydrocucurbitacin F.

[pharmacological action] 1

Saponins and bittern (i.e. the mixture of xuedansu) have different antibacterial effects on Shigella flexneri, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella cholerae in vitro. The effective concentration is 0.1 μ g / ml, which is similar to or stronger than chloramphenicol. It also has antibacterial effect on Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli at the concentration of 10-100 μ g / ml.

② Other functions

Intravenous injection of picrotin 4 mg / kg in anesthetized cats can inhibit the heart. If it is increased to 12 mg / kg, it can cause serious arrhythmia and death. Intravenous injection of xuedansu (a) 40 mg / kg into anesthetized dogs had no significant effect on blood pressure, respiration and heart rate. Intravenous injection of xuedansu (a) 10 mg / kg into rabbits significantly inhibited the amplitude of heart beat. If the dose was 20-40 mg / kg, conduction block would appear and finally the heart beat stopped. Therefore, it should be used with caution for patients with heart disease. In the experiment of isolated rabbit and guinea pig small intestine, xuedansu (a) had no antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle like atropine, and had no obvious effect on isolated uterus. Intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg / kg had mild antipyretic effect on fever induced by typhoid and paratyphoid mixed vaccine in rabbits, but had no significant effect on normal body temperature and non bacterial fever (turpentine). Saponin aqueous solution (5 mg / ml) could inhibit isolated frog heart, but it was milder than bitter element (1 μ g / ml). The hemolytic index of saponin was 1:600.

The results showed that total saponins could increase the coronary flow (400 mg / kg, intragastric administration, intraperitoneal injection on the third day, measured by rubidium 86 tracing method), antagonize the vasoconstriction induced by pituitrin (rubidium 86 method and electrocardiographic method), and reduce the myocardial oxygen consumption. There was no significant effect of cholesterol lowering in experimental atherosclerotic rabbits. The arterial plaque or fatty liver lesions in the treatment group seemed to be milder than those in the control group. Intravenous injection of 70 mg / kg had antihypertensive effect on anesthetized dogs, and it was fast tolerated. Duodenal administration did not cause hypotension.

Bitter, cold and poisonous.

① "Cao Mu Bian Fang": "bitter, cold. "

② Common folk herbs in Kunming: "it is cold in nature, bitter in taste, and has little poison. "

[Guijing] Sichuan commonly used Chinese herbal medicine: "entering stomach and large intestine two meridians. "

Functions and indications: clearing away heat, detoxifying, detumescence and relieving pain. Treatment of sore throat, toothache, eye red swelling, dysentery, enteritis, stomachache, hepatitis, urinary tract infection, swelling.

① "Cao Mu Bian Fang": dispelling wind. It is used to treat fire eye, heat toxin, heat accumulation and Qi pain in intestines and stomach. "

② "Classification of herbal medicine": "treatment of sore throat, wind cold, fire teeth, apply sores. "

③ "The folk medicine is used as an antimalarial agent. "

④ "Analgesic, antipyretic, antipyretic, Guizhou". It can be used to treat diarrhea, diarrhea and diarrhea. "

⑤ "Common folk herbs in Kunming": "invigorate the stomach, relieve pain, diminish inflammation, stop bleeding. Treatment of abdominal distension, dysentery, hepatitis, prostatitis, traumatic bleeding. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 2-3 yuan; research powder, 1-3 points. External use: tamping or grinding.

[should avoid] 1. In Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals: "do not use it if the spleen is deficient and the stomach is cold. "

② Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine: "if you take this product excessively, you will have vomiting and diarrhea reaction. "

[prescription selection] ① for sore throat and swollen gums: Trollius, Belamcanda, Drynaria, Mabo, Digupi, Banlangen, shuidengxin. Take it in water. (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine)

② Treatment of solid fire toothache: Trollius, causticus root, Goudi bud root. Take it in water. (Chengdu Chinese herbal medicine)

③ Treatment of traumatic pain, toothache, throat pain, abdominal pain: jinyaolian root. Wash, slice, dry and grind into fine powder. Take 0.3-0.5g when pain occurs. (selected works of the whole exhibition: surgery)

④ Treatment of urinary, skin, digestion, respiration, facial features and other infectious diseases: jinyaolian root tuber. Wash, slice, dry and grind (or make into tablets or capsules). One to four minutes each time, two to three times a day, with children's discretion. Can also be made into 10% paste, external application of the affected area. (selected works of the whole exhibition: surgery)

⑤ Treatment of carbuncle swelling pain and soup fire injury: scarab, Coptis chinensis, dandelion. Tamping and external application. (Chengdu Chinese herbal medicine)

[clinical application] ① treatment of acute bacillary dysentery

Seven cases were treated with bitter element, 10-14 mg per time, twice a day. 3 cases were cured in 2 days, 2 cases in 4 days, 1 case in 5 days and 1 case in 6 days. After 2-6 days of observation, no recurrence was found. It was also reported that 0.6 g of the powder was taken twice a day for 5-7 days. 64 cases were treated, 59 cases were cured, 2 cases were improved and 3 cases were invalid; another 294 cases were treated with enteritis, 246 cases were cured, 42 cases were improved and 6 cases were invalid.

② Treatment of tuberculosis

Take 2-4 tablets of bittern (each containing 1-2 mg bittern) after meal, or 2 ml of injection (containing 2 mg bittern) by deep intramuscular injection. 2-3 times a day. The dosage should be reduced in children. 31 cases were treated, 20 cases were cured, 10 cases were improved and 1 case was invalid. Preliminary observation showed that the curative effect of infiltration type was more obvious than that of chronic fibrous cavity type; the cure rate of patients with short course of disease was higher than that of patients with long course of disease.

③ Treatment of chronic tracheitis

Take luoguodi (Qulian) saponin tablets orally, 3 times a day, 2 tablets each time (each tablet contains 0.03g saponin). Among 77 cases, 18 cases were cured, 9 cases were markedly effective, 44 cases were improved and 6 cases were ineffective. In the course of treatment, a few patients had diarrhea and abdominal pain for a time. It was also reported that 120 cases were treated by oral administration of Rabdosia Basilica and its extract - bittern and saponin. The results showed that 74 cases were cured, 34 cases were improved and 12 cases were ineffective.

④ Treating burns

Methods: luoguodi saponin (3-30 mg) was given intravenously and diluted with 0.5-1% concentration for external use. According to the observation of 4 cases, the control effect of this product on sepsis and wound infection is remarkable. No obvious side effects were observed.

⑤ For pain relief

Wash and chop the root, dry in the sun and grind. Take 0.3-0.5g when pain occurs. More than 60 cases of traumatic pain, toothache, sore throat and abdominal pain were treated. Generally, the pain was relieved 2-5 minutes after taking the medicine, and the effect lasted 40 minutes to 6 hours.

⑥ Treatment of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

276 cases were treated with compound tablets made from the effective substances extracted from Trollius chinensis, Dioscorea nipponica and Sophora japonica for more than 2 months

Chinese PinYin : Luo Guo Di