Alpinia officinarum

Alpinia officinarum

(bielu)

[synonym] Gaoliangjiang (herbal Classic), Liangjiang (local prescription), ManJiang, bergamot root (lvyanbencao), xiaoliangjiang (Chinese medicine records), hailiangjiang (medicinal materials).

[source] it is the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum.

[plant morphology] Alpinia officinarum

Perennial herbs, 30-80 cm high. Rhizome cylindric, transverse, brownish red or purplish red, nodal, with annular membranous scales, rooting on nodes. Stems tufted, erect. Leaves 2-row; sessile; leaf blade narrowly linear lanceolate, 15-30 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide, apex pointed, base gradually narrowed, entire or with indistinct sparse obtuse teeth, glabrous on both sides; leaf sheath open, amplexicaul, margin membranous, ligule up to 3 cm long, straight, membranous, acuminate, brown. Inflorescence conical raceme, terminal, 5-15 cm long, flowers dense; bracteoles persistent, membranous, brown, annular to oblong, outside sparsely hairy; flowers bisexual, with short stalks; calyx tubular, 7-14 mm long, 3-lobed, brownish yellow, outside short hairy; corolla tube funnel-shaped, about 1 cm long, 3-lobes, about 1.7 cm long, light fleshy red, outside sparsely pubescent; labial ring They are oblong ovate to oblong broadly ovate, light fleshy red, with purplish red stripes in the middle, 2-2.5 cm long; lateral staminodes are conical, stamen 1, filaments thick, connective dilated, apex broad, 2-lobed and forked; ovary inferior, 3-locular, style slender, with 2 connate cylindrical nectaries below the base, about 3 mm long, stigma 2-lipped. Capsule not dehiscent, globose, about 1.2 ha m in diameter, pubescent, orange red when ripe. Seeds pseudotestate, obtuse angular, brown. The flowering period is from April to October.

Growing in grass or bushes on roadsides or hillsides. It is distributed in Hainan, Leizhou Peninsula, Guangxi, Yunnan and Taiwan. It is also cultivated in Guangdong and Yunnan.

[collection] at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn, the rhizomes which have been growing for 4-6 years were dug, the stems, leaves, fibrous roots and scales were removed, washed, cut into small sections and dried in the sun.

[medicinal material] the dry rhizome is cylindrical, curved, divergent, 4-6 cm in length, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, dark reddish brown on the surface, with longitudinal wrinkles and gray brown wavy links, 0.5-1 cm in length per node, and round fine root scars on the lower side. It is hard and not easy to break. Its cross section is reddish yellow or brownish red and rough. It's fragrant and spicy. Strong, solid, reddish brown, spicy taste is better.

Produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Taiwan and other places.

[chemical constituents] the rhizome contains 0.5-1.5% volatile oil, among which the main components are 1,8-cineole and methyl cinnamate, as well as eugenol, pinene and solanese. Rhizome also contains flavonoids such as galangin, kaempferol, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin and a pungent ingredient, called galangin.

[pharmacological action] Rhizoma alpiniae officinarum Decoction (100%) has different degrees of antibacterial effect on Bacillus anthracis, α - or β - hemolytic streptococcus, diphtheria and diphtheria like bacteria, pneumococcus, Staphylococcus (golden yellow, lemon color, white), Bacillus subtilis, etc. (agar plate trenching method). In vitro, it has a little inhibitory effect on human Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but its effect is not as good as Coptis.

[processing] clean impurities, wash, soak, remove, moisten, slice and dry.

"Compendium": "Alpinia officinarum, cardamom, and should be fried into medicine, there are also ginger with Evodia rutaecarpa, Dongbi soil fried into medicine. "

[flavor] pungent, warm.

① Bie Lu: "Da Wen. "

② "Materia medica collection": "the taste is pungent and warm. "

[meridian] into the spleen, stomach.

① "Lei Gong processed medicine solution": into the spleen, stomach two channels. "

⑦ New edition of materia medica: "entering the heart is related to the four meridians of Tanzhong, spleen and stomach. "

Functions and indications: warming stomach, dispelling wind, dispersing cold, promoting qi and relieving pain. Treatment of cold in the spleen and stomach, epigastric cold pain, vomiting and diarrhea, choking Pro nausea, food stagnation, malaria, cold addiction.

① Bielu: "the main cold, stomach cold reverse, cholera abdominal pain. "

② "On medicinal properties": "it is used to treat chronic cold in the waist, stomach qi inversion and vomiting. To cure the wind, to break the Qi, to cool the abdomen, to relieve the weakness of the wind, to cure the heart, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. "

③ "Materia medica collection": "lower Qi, benefit sound. It can be boiled for drinking, and it can stop dysentery and cholera. "

④ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "it can be used to treat muscle changing diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, and eliminate persistent food. "

⑤ According to the book of materia medica: "to cure the evil in the heart, if you spit water in the mouth, take the root like dice, which contains the pharyngeal fluid. If the odor also contains the pharyngeal fluid, it's better to drink the decoction. "

⑥ "Zhenzhu Bao": warming the spleen and stomach. "

⑦ "Diannan Materia Medica": "treatment of Stomach Qi pain, abdominal pain. "

⑧ Compendium: "invigorating the spleen and stomach, relieving choking diaphragm, breaking cold ringworm, eliminating malaria. "

⑨ Yao Kecheng's food materia medica: "remove the white eyes, tonify the lung qi, benefit the spleen and stomach, and regulate the vital energy. "

⑩ "Seeking the source of Materia Medica": "for the treatment of foot Qi, vomiting, red eyes, headache, cold wind and arthralgia. "

(11) Guangdong traditional Chinese medicine: "treatment of cold hernia dampness arthralgia. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: decoction, 0.5-1.5 money; or into pills, powder.

[should avoid] it should not be taken when Yin deficiency is hot.

The classic of materia medica: "stomach fire nausea, injury heat cholera, fire heat injection diarrhea, heart deficiency pain, law salt taboo. "

[prescription selection] ① the treatment of apoplectic angina pectoris is like pricking, and the two flank branches are full, which is unbearable: five liang of galangal, two liang of Magnolia officinalis, three liang of Angelica sinensis and three liang of Guixin. On the four flavors, eight liters of water, boil a liter of eight, divided into three service, two days. If the pain stops, then stop, do not need to take, if the strong man for two services, bad people divided into three services. (Qian Jin Fang Gao Liang Jiang Tang)

② Nourishing the spleen and warming the stomach, removing cold and eliminating phlegm, greatly treating heart and spleen pain, broadening chest and lower Qi, entering the beautiful diet, treating all cold injuries: Liangjiang (removing reed), Ganjiang (artillery), etc. It is fine and the batter is large, and Wutong is big. Take 15 to 20 pills each time. After eating, take orange peel soup. Pregnant women should not take it. (two ginger pills in "Ju Fang")

③ Treatment of heart and spleen pain: Gaoliangjiang, betel nut, etc., each fried. The upper part is the fine end, and the lower part is the meter. (Bai Yi Xuan Fang)

④ A little pain in the heart and mouth is due to stagnation or insects in the epigastric cavity. Most of them are caused by anger and cold, so they will not suffer for life: Alpinia officinarum (washed with wine seven times, baked and researched), and xiangfuzi (washed with vinegar seven times, baked and researched). The first two flavors need to be baked, researched and stored separately. If the cause of disease is cold, use two yuan of Alpinia officinale and one yuan of Cyperus. If the cause of disease is anger, use one yuan of Alpinia officinale and two yuan of Cyperus. If the cause of disease is cold and anger, use one yuan and five Fen of Alpinia officinale and one yuan and five Fen of Cyperus. Take rice soup with a spoonful of vinegar and a pinch of salt as pills. (Liangfu pill in LiangFang Jixi)

⑤ Treatment of cholera vomiting diarrhea abdominal pain: Alpinia officinarum, fire to make Jiaoxiang. Each with five Liang, break, with a liter of wine, boil three or four, meal service. (emergency preparation)

⑥ Cure cholera vomit more than: Gao Liangjiang (raw file) blindly, coarse pound screen. Each take three money dagger, water a, jujube a (to nuclear), fried to five minutes, to dross, water cool, meal service. (Shengji Zonglu curling soup)

⑦ Treatment of cold malaria: Liangjiang, Baijiang each equal. The second flavor is calcined on fire, which is the last. Each serving three money, a male pig's gall, a water, moderate bile. (continued parties)

⑧ For the treatment of wind tooth pain, not only for a long time, but also for cheek swelling and pain: a piece of ginger (about 2 inches), a piece of leech (baked on tile). Last is the last. Point the medicine with your fingers. If you use it with your teeth, rub it to make it hot. Spit out less saliva in a moment and gargle with salt soup. (Qun Xun San in Bai Yi Xuan Fang)

⑨ People with beriberi are prone to vomiting. In daily life, pay attention to eat more breakfast, less lunch, no dinner, or drink a little black bean porridge. Take medicine immediately when you feel vomiting. Use one or two Alpinia officinarum, add three liters of water, boil to one liter, take it all at once. If you can't find Alpinia officinarum in a hurry, you can substitute one or two of them with ginger and fry them with water. The curative effect is poor, but it is also effective.

⑩ Heart and spleen cold pain (press: namely stomachache). Four pairs of Alpinia officinarum were sliced and divided into four parts: one or two fried with brown rice and half fried with rice to remove rice; one or two fried with Chen bi tu and half fried with yellow rice and half fried with earth; one or two fried with croton and thirty-four fried with beans to remove beans; one or two fried with cantharidin and thirty-four fried with yellow rice to remove cantharidin. Another one or two of Evodia rutaecarpa were soaked in wine for one night, and then fried together with Alpinia officinarum. The research was finished. The pills were made from the wine mixed with Evodia rutaecarpa, as big as Wuzi. Each take 15 pills, hollow service, ginger soup sent down. This prescription is called "Gaoliangjiang pill". Another formula: Gaoliangjiang three money, wulingzhi six money, a total of research for the end. Three yuan per serving, vinegar soup.

(11) nourishing the spleen and warming the stomach, removing cold and eliminating phlegm, and broadening the chest and lower Qi. Use galangal, dried ginger and other parts, cannon, grind fine, add batter to make balls, such as Wuzi big. Take 15 pills each time, after dinner, orange peel soup. Pregnant women should not take it.

(12) cold malaria due to spleen deficiency. With Gaoliangjiang (sesame oil fried), dried ginger (gun) each one or two, a total of research for the end. Each take five money, with pig bile into plaster, before the onset of disease, hot wine tune service. Another prescription: the medicine powder made above is added with bile and pills. Take 40 pills each time, and the wine is sent down. Another prescription: Alpinia officinarum and dried ginger, half raw and half processed, each with two pieces, and four or three pieces of money, which were studied together as the end. Two yuan per serving, pig kidney boiled wine sent down.

His eyes were suddenly red and sore. Blow the ginger powder into the nose with a small tube. Make sneeze, red pain disappear.

[discussion of famous experts] 1. Yang tuying said: "for those who are against stomach cold, Alpinia officinarum is the main medicine, and ginseng and poria cocos are used to warm the stomach and dissolve stomach apoplexy. "

② "Gaoliangjiang is also a medicine for dispelling cold and dampness and warming the spleen and stomach. If the old man's spleen and kidney are deficient in cold, diarrhea and self-interest, the woman's heart and stomach are sore, because of Qi and anger, because of cold and phlegm, this medicine is pungent and hot, pure Yang, and has the same effect as GUI and Fu except cutting deep cold and cold caves. It is not necessary to treat the patients who are not affected by the cold of the guest, the stomach is cold, and the typhoid is cold

Chinese PinYin : Gao Liang Jiang