Chavez
Hugo Raphael Chavez Frias
Hugo Rafael ch á vez fr í as (July 28, 1954 - March 5, 2013), a Venezuelan politician, was the 52nd president of Venezuela and founded the "Fifth Republic movement" party. He was elected president in December of the same year. He was re elected in 2007.
In 1992, he was jailed for launching a coup. He was pardoned and released from prison in 1994. He suffered from malignant tumor in January 1998 and was re elected president in October 2012.
In 2011, Chavez was found to have cancer. On March 5, 2013, Chavez died of cancer at the age of 58.
Character experience
Early life
On July 28, 1954, Hugo Raphael Chavez Frias was born into a Catholic family in savanetta, Barinas. There are six children in the family, and Chavez is the second. Although his parents are teachers, his family, like most Venezuelans, is very poor. It was not until Hugo dross Reyes, Chavez's father, was promoted to director of education in the District, and then elected governor of Barinas that their family situation gradually improved.
At a very young age, Chavez worshipped Bolivar, the independent leader of South America. He loved to play the hero, imagining that he would also cross the Andes and liberate the oppressed continent. In addition to his love for Bolivar, Chavez was also very fond of baseball. He believes that the best way to get out of poverty is to be a good baseball player.
Chavez studied at the local Julian Pinot primary school and later at Daniel Florencio olliri high school with a diploma in science. Chavez failed to go to university after graduating from high school because of his poor grades. However, with his outstanding talent in baseball, he entered gaslas Military Academy in the capital with a scholarship and obtained a bachelor's degree in military science and Engineering in 1975. It was also at that time that Chavez joined the army.
During his military service, Chavez witnessed corruption among senior officers. In 1982, he United a group of like-minded soldiers and secretly established an anti-corruption organization called "Bolivar revolutionary movement", advocating the "League of Latin American nations" advocated by Bolivar.
In 1991, he was promoted to commander of airborne battalion.
Political career
In 1992, Chavez launched the "February 4th" military coup aimed at overthrowing president Carlos Andres Peres, with the ultimate goal of capturing the then president Peres. The coup ended in failure, and Chavez himself was arrested and jailed.
In 1994, Chavez was pardoned by then President Rafael caldera.
In January 1998, Chavez founded the "Fifth Republic movement" and took up the post of president. In the same year, Chavez began to run for president. In May, Chavez's poll rose to 30% and in August to 39%. On December 6 of the same year, as the presidential candidate of the "patriotic center" of the campaign alliance, he won the general election and was elected the 53rd president of Venezuela. On February 2, 1999, he was sworn in as president.
On July 30, 2000, Chavez won 60% of the votes in the presidential election re held in accordance with Venezuela's new constitution and was re elected president.
In the late night of April 11, 2002, the right-wing opposition of Venezuela launched a military coup and detained Chavez on the island of La ochira. After the news, more than 200000 people rushed to the streets and gathered around the presidential palace to demand the immediate release of Chavez. At 1:30 a.m. on April 14, 12 commandos flew to LA ochira island by three helicopters to rescue Chavez.
On August 15, 2004, the reactionaries launched a recall vote. As a result, 59% of the votes cast the "no" option, and Chavez won.
In December 2006, Chavez was re elected president for the third time. He was sworn in on 10 January 2007.
In 2007, Chavez proposed an amendment to the constitution, which extended the term of office of the president to seven years and allowed the president to fight for re-election after the expiration of his term. In May of the same year, Chavez applied to become a member of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela. In December, Venezuela held a referendum and eventually rejected the constitutional amendment proposed by Chavez.
In February 2008, Chavez was elected president of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela.
In 2009, Chavez proposed the constitutional amendment again. In the referendum held in February of the same year, CH á vez got 54.36% of the support votes and was approved. According to the amendment, Venezuelan President, governor, mayor, Congressman and other elected public officials can be re elected indefinitely.
In June 2011, Chavez was diagnosed with cancer and received pelvic tumor resection and multiple rounds of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In February 2012, when the cancer recurred, Chavez went to Cuba again for treatment.
In October 2012, Venezuela held a presidential election. Chavez finally won the presidential election for the fourth time by defeating young rival Enrique Capriles with 54% of the vote.
On March 5, 2013, Venezuela time, Chavez died of cancer at the age of 58. On March 15, 2013, the burial ceremony of Chavez's body was held at the Revolutionary Museum of Caracas.
Political initiatives
Measures taken in office
On April 13, 1999, Chavez announced the dissolution of the Parliament and the Supreme Court after the establishment of the legislative assembly. On November 19, 1999, the constitutional assembly completed the drafting of a new constitution, which stipulates that the term of office of the president will be extended from five years to six years. After the term is expired, the president can seek re-election, and the name of the country will be changed to "the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela".
On March 7, 2006, under the promotion of Chavez, the Venezuelan national assembly adopted amendments to the national flag and national emblem, and decided to increase the number of seven stars on the national flag to eight. The new star represents the province of Guyana, which broke away from Spanish rule and merged into Venezuela in 1817.
On March 12, 2006, Chavez raised the revised Venezuelan flag for the first time at the National Cemetery in northern Caracas.
In 2007, according to Chavez's suggestion, Venezuela began to change the time zone from September, and slowed down the time by half an hour. According to the Venezuelan Ministry of science and technology, which specifically designed the policy, this measure is to enable all citizens to enjoy the sunshine more fairly, so as to promote social fairness and justice.
On October 24, 2007, the Central Bank of Venezuela announced the launch of a new version of the currency "strong Bolivar". Strong Bolivar will be in circulation on January 1, 2008. 1 strong Bolivar equals 1000 current bolivars. The new currency includes six denominations of notes and seven denominations of coins. On the front, Venezuelan famous historical figures are printed. On the back, Venezuelan natural landscape and rare animals are the themes.
economic development
When Chavez came to power in 1999, Venezuela's per capita GDP was $4105. In 2010, the figure increased to $13657, which is a good level in Latin America. In terms of unemployment rate, it dropped from about 15% in 1999 to about 7%.
On March 30, 2007, the "collective ownership" was implemented. Large farms were nationalized and idle land was redistributed to the poor.
Chavez's greatest achievement is to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor, which is why he is praised as "realizing justice" and "understanding the needs of the poor". When Chavez came to power in 1999, Venezuela's Gini coefficient was 0.478. By 2011, this figure had changed to 0.394, which was the most equitable income distribution country in Latin America, while Brazil, Chile, Colombia and other South American neighbors' Gini coefficient was still above 0.5.
foreign policy
In 2004, Chavez began to focus on Venezuela's diplomatic relations. Chavez readjusted Venezuela's foreign policy to promote Latin America's social and economic integration through bilateral trade and reciprocal agreements, including what he called "oil diplomacy". Chavez focuses on promoting the integration of Latin America in various transnational organizations, and developing bilateral trade relations with other Latin American countries is also the main focus of his policy.
Chavez paid four state visits to the people's Republic of China in October 1999, May 2001, December 2004 and August 2011, and three working visits to the people's Republic of China in August 2006, September 2008 and April 2009. He has made great contributions to the development of Venezuela China relations. Over the past 14 years, the two countries have established a strategic partnership for common development, achieved fruitful economic and trade cooperation, carried out extensive cooperation in energy, mineral resources, finance, agriculture, infrastructure construction, high technology and other fields, and people to people and cultural exchanges have become increasingly close.
Achievement and honor
He won the Gaddafi international human rights award in 2004.
On May 2, 2006, Chavez was selected by time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people of the year in the world. Chavez is the only one from Latin America.
He won the highest medal of honor of Iran on July 31, 2006.
On June 7, 2013, the late President Chavez won the Venezuelan national news award.
member of family
Some sources of information in this form:
Character evaluation
Chavez is rich
Chinese PinYin : Cha Wei Si
