Qian Feng

Qian Feng

Qian Feng (April 26, 1740 - October 30, 1795), a minister and painter of Qing Dynasty, was born in Kunming, Yunnan Province.

Qianlong 36 years (1771) Jinshi, granted review, official to the censor. He once said that he was a military aircraft, but he did not comply with the system, so he was appointed to the military aircraft inspection office. He Lin knew that his family was poor and his family was poor. He worked hard for many times and died of illness. Calligraphy is close to the plain. It's precious for those who are interested in painting. There is a collection of south gardens.

Profile

Qian Feng's family was poor when he was a child, so he got some fragmentary notes by chance. He studied in Wuhua Academy in Kunming. He was a scholar in the 36th year of Qianlong. He successively served as editor of Hanlin academy, censor of supervision, Hunan Xuezheng, deputy envoy of General Administration Department, censor of Jiangnan Road, counsellor of General Administration Department, Prince Taibao, Secretary of the Ministry of official affairs, and associate bachelor. Gongkaishu, learning from Yan Zhenqing, also participated in ouyangxun and Chu suiliang. It has strong writing power and grand style. Xingshu has the style of minanggong, which is very strict and arbitrary. Later scholars, such as Weng Tonghe in the late Qing Dynasty, Tan Yankai in modern times, and Tan Zekai brothers, all learned from Qian Feng. Qian Feng is also good at drawing horses. He is good at painting horses. He is good at painting horses. His poems are full of vigor and uprightness, and he is the author of the collection of Mr. Nanyuan.

Artistic experience

It is famous for its straightness

Qianlong 36 years (1771) Jinshi, granted the Imperial Academy review, successive national history museum editor, Jiangnan Road censor, general secretary Deputy envoy, Xiangnan Xuezheng, Huguang road censor, duty military plane and other posts, when he used things, Qian Feng once accused face to face. Shangshu also impeached Bi Yuan, the governor of Shaanxi Province, and Guotai, the governor of Shandong Province, for corruption and personal gains. Therefore, the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty praised him for "shaking the sea with a straight voice.".

Qian Feng lived in an era when all the people in the Manchu Dynasty studied Dong Qichang's calligraphy, but he was the only one who was fond of Lu Gong. He admired Yan Zhenqing in his whole life, and he was the first person to learn from Yan. He copied Yan's family temple stele, gaoshenmo, zhongxingsong, Magu Xiantan and Dongfang portrait praise in regular script, and started with Yan Zhenqing's manuscript for seat, Wen for niece and twelve meanings, In his later years, he took Yan as the foundation, participated in European and Chu's writing methods, and wrote with great composure and pleasure. He also had the momentum of eight fronts, vigorous and vigorous, which was thought-provoking. Xiaokai learned from the strong points of many schools, and learned from the excellent works of Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Zhong Shaojing and other calligraphers of past dynasties. In his later years, he also benefited from the essence of Chu suiliang's and Mi Fu's calligraphy. Qian's small regular script is vigorous and graceful; big regular script is strong and powerful; running script and cursive script are unique. He learned from the ancients and stepped out of their own way. In the Qing Dynasty, people who studied Yan Shu had to start with Qian Nanyuan. For example, he Shaoji, another famous calligrapher in the country, studied hard and became a famous calligrapher.

artistic characteristics

Li Ruiqing said: "it's only one person who can learn from Yan Gong with masculinity. Do you agree with him in his spirit Bao Shichen listed his running script as "the best quality" in his book review of Guochao. Yang Shoujing said in his study of the book you Yan: "since I came to study the books of the former sages, I have never been able to make a family without changing their appearance, but the rich Nanyuan has been strict in learning Yan's books. This is due to the moral integrity of the ancients, not to attack

Qian Feng's whole life is a pure study of calligraphy. From appointment to erudition, he fosters characters by virtue and culture. Therefore, although his works have more charm, they are rare in ancient times, which is also the place where he has lost.

Qian Feng is also good at painting horses, especially thin horses, with wind manes and mist hyenas. His muscles and bones are exposed and his posture is compelling. At that time, the title of the painting was above the title of the book. It was not until after Jiadao that the title of the book became apparent. Qian Feng has a high attainments in his poems and essays, and his main works are "Nan Yuan Shi Cun", "Nan yuan Cun", "Nan Yuan Ji" and so on.

The body is rich, the bow is poor. He is also strict in his steps and never smiles.

When you are in a state of justice, you should tell the truth. Every time you go up, you will be angry.

The public does not move, the center is Anren. I look at you, aggressive

——Shi Youkui's portrait of Qian Nanyuan in Qing Dynasty

Artistic achievements

Apart from his clean political voice, Qian Feng is also famous for his calligraphy and painting. His calligraphy imitates the works of Yan, ou and MI, but it has its own characteristics, such as vigorous writing, rigorous structure and broad momentum. Qian Feng's calligraphy is dignified, thick and majestic, which makes people "respect and fear for the first time, and the longer it is, the more lovely it will be.". Some people may say, how can the common facial characters have such touching charm? In fact, it is not easy for calligraphy works to be durable. To reach a higher level, we must go through the arduous process of being able to understand, understand, refine and transform. Qian Nanyuan's remarkable achievements in calligraphy are inseparable from his character and hard work. He was upright and had the courage to accuse hechen, a powerful official of Emperor Qianlong, of his faults. He had written to impeach Bi Yuan, governor of Shaanxi Province, guotaihe, governor of Shandong Province, and Yi Jian, who were corrupt officials in serious cases of engaging in private affairs. According to the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty, he "shocked the sea with his straight voice.". After the age of 50, he went to Hunan twice as a student administrator. He was fond of calligraphy since childhood, and has been in various schools all over the world, specializing in face and body, making unremitting efforts all his life. This is related to his admiration for Yan Zhenqing. His character and temperament are similar to Yan Zhenqing's. although his times are different and his experiences are different, he is upright and has the same character of daring to fight. Therefore, it is not accidental that Nan yuan devoted his whole life to Yan style. He is not only outstanding in calligraphy, but also a versatile painter and poet. He was good at drawing horses. At that time, he was known as the censor of thin horses. The theme of his paintings is horse. He especially likes to draw thin horse, wind mane and mist hyena. His muscles and bones are exposed, and his spirit is compelling. His pen and ink are dignified and proud. Qian Feng is famous for his poems, essays, books, paintings and couplets. Known as "the first perfect person in Central Yunnan". His calligraphy is a collection of the merits of various schools, especially his skill in face and style, and his writing power is vigorous. Qian Feng's couplets are of strict structure, vigorous and clean, such as the two couplets in Qiongzhu temple. They are all treasures. His works, such as Qian Nanyuan's remains, Nanyuan's poetry and Nanyuan's literature, are still in the world. His representative works in regular script include Fu on withered trees, preface to looking for chrysanthemums in the rain, poem on Guarding trees, preface to the dragon boat race, and his representative works in running script include notes on Osmanthus hall.

Experience introduction

Officialdom experience

During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the most favorite minister was Hezhen, and Qian Feng, a Kunming native, was the one who could work with him.

Qianfeng (1740-1795) south garden, entered the officialdom after passing the imperial examination in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. His life was dignified, upright and full of legend. He was known as the leader of intellectuals in Qing Dynasty.

At that time, corruption became a common practice inside and outside the imperial court. Qian Feng entered the political arena at the beginning. He opposed the officialdom and impeached Bi Yuan, governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, for corruption. After investigation, Bi Yuan was demoted. Qian Feng is known as "Mingfeng Chaoyang".

Emperor Qianlong's favorite minister, he Li, was in power for a while. He was corrupt and took bribes. Guotai, the Party member of Hezhen, became the governor of Shandong Province. He dared to embezzle the money in the Treasury. Qian Feng played a book. Qian Feng finds out the letter from Cathay Pacific to he Zhen, and knows that they are going to borrow money to fill in the warehouse to cope with the inspection. Write this letter to Emperor Qianlong. When he got wind of the situation and wanted to buy Qian Feng, he was refused. Qian Feng insisted on sealing the Treasury and thoroughly checking it. Cathay Pacific was exposed, and finally got into trouble. Qian Feng's reputation shocked the whole country.

Qian Feng offended Emperor Qianlong and was later demoted by Emperor Qianlong on an excuse. Until his death, Qian Feng was not reused. At the age of 56, Qian Feng was ready to impeach him again, but suddenly died in Beijing's Yunnan guild hall. Under Qian Feng's pillow, he found a memorial manuscript with thousands of words and more than 20 counts of crimes. It is said that Qian Feng was killed by he Lu with poisonous wine. Five years after Qian Feng's death, he Liu was finally killed and hanged.

Qian Feng was born in the family of a silversmith in Kunming. When he was young, he was poor and had no money to buy a book. He picked out fragments from the waste paper beside the Xizi stove in shuide'an and read them carefully. When he was an official outside, Qian Feng still remembered his hometown. Floods often occur in Kunming. Qian Feng once proposed a plan to harness the six rivers and donated money to the water conservancy project in his hometown.

Character experience

Qian Feng's father was a silversmith with a poor family. In 1768, Qian Feng won the title of Juren. In 1771, Qian Feng was the 11th Jinshi in the top three class. After becoming an official, he served as the censor. His ancestral home was Jiangning County, Jiangsu Province (now Nanjing). Qian Zhu came to Kunming as an official of the imperial court during the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty and settled down in Kunming. The Qian family has been poor for generations, living a civilian life of farming and studying. There are no high-ranking officials or rich businessmen. He was deeply influenced by Confucianism because he studied for generations. Qian Feng's father, Qian Shijun, inherited his ancestral silver craftsmanship due to social unrest and his family was in a state of disrepair; his mother, Li, was a devout Buddhist and a good wife and mother, who came from a poor scholar family and first knew writing. Qian Feng began to study when he was six or seven years old, but his family was poor and there were many younger brothers and sisters. As the eldest son, he had to help do housework and take care of his younger brothers and sisters in addition to studying every day. He once planned to drop out of school, but his mother firmly opposed it. Qian Feng became even more energetic. His talent began to show in his teens, and he was known as "the best in southern Yunnan". In 1757, he was admitted as a scholar, and in 1768, he was admitted as a Juren. In the winter of the same year, he went to Beijing to attend the conference examination in the spring of the next year, and he failed again. He went to Hubei public security bureau to become Wan Zhongjie, a good friend of the county magistrate. In the 36th year of Emperor Qianlong's reign, he returned to Beijing to take part in the "Enke examination" and became a scholar in the Imperial Academy. In the 45th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, Shao Jinhan, the chief examiner, went to Guangxi to preside over the local examination. The next year, he served as the censor of Jiangnan Road and went to Tongzhou to inspect the granary. He died in August, 1795, at the age of 55. After his death, Qian Feng was buried in the north mountain of Yangchang village, Longquan Town, Kunming. The tomb has been restored and is listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Kunming. On the East Bank of Cuihu lake, the former qianfengci, commonly known as "Caoguan", and the alley in front of it, also known as "shixuexiang". In March 1995, Qian Feng died 200 years ago

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