Cheng KuiGuang

Cheng KuiGuang

Cheng KuiGuang, born in Xiangshan County, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, is a modern Chinese democratic revolutionist. In his early years, he joined Fuzhou Majiang shipping school to learn driving skills. After graduation, he served in the Manchu Navy and was in charge of Zhentao warship. However, Cheng KuiGuang was very resentful of the corruption of the Qing government. In 1895, he joined the Xingzhong society in Guangzhou and joined the democratic revolution with Dr. Sun Yat Sen. In the same year, the Xingzhong Association contacted the Guangdong Navy and prepared to launch the uprising in Guangzhou. Unfortunately, it failed because of the leak of the uprising plan. The Qing government used military and police to search and arrest, and Cheng KuiGuang, Lu Haodong and other revolutionaries were arrested and died.

join the revolutionary ranks

Cheng KuiGuang, born in Xiangshan County, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, is a modern Chinese democratic revolutionist. In his early years, he joined Fuzhou Majiang shipping school to learn driving skills. After graduation, he served in the Manchu Navy and was in charge of Zhentao warship. However, Cheng KuiGuang was very resentful of the corruption of the Qing government. In 1895, he joined the Xingzhong society in Guangzhou and joined the democratic revolution with Dr. Sun Yat Sen. In 1895, the Xingzhong association actively prepared to launch an uprising in Guangzhou. Sun Yat Sen's command in Guangzhou and Yang quyun's command in Hong Kong are responsible for logistics supply and financial support. In March 1895, Sun Yat Sen visited the Japanese consul in Hong Kong, Nakagawa hengjiro, and claimed that he planned to establish a republic in Guangdong and Guangxi under the leadership of Kang Youwei. He asked Japan to provide 25000 rifles and 5000 pistols. On the 16th of the same month, Yang quyun, Sun Yat Sen, Xie zuantai and others discussed the plan to occupy Guangzhou with 3000 elite troops. Thomas Haar Reid of Hong Kong's "German Western news" and chenis Duncan of the "Smithsonian news" all expressed their support. Soon, reed also agreed to try to win the sympathy and help of the British government and the British people. In late March, Dr. Sun Yat Sen, Mr. Zheng Shiliang, Mr. Chen Shaobai, Mr. Lu Haodong and others in Guangzhou set up organizations in the Wang's ancestral hall in shuangmendi, and carried out activities in the name of the agricultural society. Cheng KuiGuang, a former student of Fujian Majiang Naval Academy, and hundreds of his Navy officers took part in the uprising. The basic teams of the uprising are: the Hui party in Xin'an and Shenzhen, some of the Ying Yong demobilized after the Sino Japanese War, the militia in Sanyuanli and Xiangshan, and the green forest in Beijiang and Shunde. The specific plan is to attack the local government office in Guangzhou on October 26, with 3000 members of the party, led by Yang quyun and concentrated in Hong Kong, as the vanguard, and other teams ambush in the city of Guangzhou to respond. Sun Yat Sen and others believe that this day is the Double Ninth Festival of the summer calendar, and many people go back to the province to sweep tombs, which is conducive to covering the actions of the uprising troops. In order to win the recognition of the rebel army as a belligerent group, Reid and t. Gawain drafted a foreign declaration, Hong Kong lawyer and Legislative Councillor he Qihe and Xie zantai revised it, and Lu Haodong made a flag with the pattern of blue sky and white day. On October 6, Dr. Sun Yat Sen published in Zhongxi daily, Guangzhou, the "letter to establish the agronomic Association" drafted by Feng long, a member of the Xingzhong society and a Christian vicar, to solicit comrades. In the book, Sun Yat Sen said that he would translate new books on agriculture and Mulberry from various countries, set up schools, set up expositions, and cultivate in order to inspire farmers and revitalize agriculture. Many gentry in Guangzhou took part in the initiation. One of them, Liu Xuexun, a fellow of Sun Yat Sen's Xiangshan County, became rich and powerful because he manipulated gambling closely related to the imperial examination. He once aided Sun Yat Sen to practise medicine. One day, Sun Yat Sen visited Liu Xuexun in Hong Kong and had a secret talk behind closed doors. Sun Yat Sen said, "China is going to divide up now." "Chinese people are still living in a dream of death, and do not know when the country will die." "It's better for the movement to rise up rashly than for the bureaucrats to cheer up." He explained to Liu Xuexun the plan of using the party to launch an uprising in Guangdong, and asked Liu Xuexun to support it. However, Liu Xuexun thought that the "Treaty of Shimonoseki" had been set, and the time had passed. It was easy to repeat the "xenophobic" incident and cause the "melon Division" crisis if he only relied on explosives to assassinate or contact "Hui bandits". Sun Yat Sen intended to promote Liu as the leader, but Liu Xuexun praised Sun Yat Sen for his "promising youth" and asked him not to "belittle himself". When he said goodbye, Sun Yat Sen said to Liu Xuexun, "we should slow down." However, after the event, Sun Yat Sen did not stop his activities and maintained a secret and complicated relationship with Liu Xuexun.

Guangzhou Uprising

In October 1895, the headquarters of the Xingzhong Society held a meeting in Hong Kong and elected Sun Yat Sen as its president, known as "President". After the uprising, Sun Yat Sen became the president of the United Government. The next day, Yang quyun asked Sun Yat Sen to relinquish the post of president to himself. Zheng Shiliang and Chen Shaobai firmly opposed it. Zheng Shiliang said: everyone in this room agrees with Mr. Sun. If someone wants to kill him, he will kill him himself. Sun Yat Sen agreed to abdicate in order not to cause division on the eve of the uprising. On the morning of October 26, the party, the militia and the Yingyong ambushed in Guangzhou according to the original plan, but Yang quyun sent a telegram to Sun Yat Sen temporarily, claiming that "goods can't come.". Sun Yat Sen couldn't, so he had to send off the leader of the party and telegraph Yang quyun: "don't bring the goods, wait for the future." Chen Shaobai thought he was in danger and advised Sun Yat Sen to leave Guangzhou. Sun said he had something to do and asked Chen to return to Hong Kong first. Meanwhile, Zhu Xiang, the elder brother of member Zhu Qi, informs Li Jiazhuo, the arresting committee member. Li immediately sends soldiers to monitor Sun Yat Sen's operation. On the same day, Sun Yat Sen went to a priest's banquet. He found that the road was full of bravery. He said to his fellow travelers with a smile, "this generation is here to spy on my whereabouts." On October 27, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, Tan Zhonglin, received a definite report and immediately sent people to search Wang's ancestral hall. Six people, including Lu Haodong and Cheng KuiGuang, were arrested. Yang quyun still sent Zhu Guiquan, Qiu Si and other 200 people to Guangzhou because he had seven boxes of ordnance loaded on the ship. When he landed on the shore on the morning of October 28, the Manchu army was on alert, and Zhu Guiquan, Qiu Si and other people were arrested. Sun Yat Sen later lived in seclusion in Guangzhou for three days. After learning that Lu Haodong was arrested, he burned his comrade's name book and buried a bomb. Then he calmly boarded a ship bound for Macao and went to Hong Kong. After Sun Yat Sen arrived in Hong Kong, Tan Zhonglin, governor of Guangdong and Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty, sent a note to the British Consul, informed the governor of Hong Kong, and asked him to hand over Sun Yat Sen and other four people. The governor refused on the ground that "Britain would not hand over political prisoners", but said that if Sun Yat Sen came to Hong Kong, he would be deported. On November 2, Sun Yat Sen, Chen Shaobai, Zheng Shiliang and others crossed to Japan. Deng Yinnan avoided Macao, while Yang quyun left South Africa.

Heroic sacrifice

After his arrest, Lu Haodong was unyielding in the face of interrogation. He told himself generously in his confession: "he was angry at the corruption and autocracy of foreign governments, the corruption and cowardice of officials, and the conspiracy of outsiders. He paid homage to the Central Plains, and his eyes were covered with hazelnuts. Every time he thought about it, he really didn't know what to do with tears." He also said: "you know, today, if we don't abolish the Manchu Qing Dynasty, we will never be able to recover the Han nationality; if we don't kill the traitors, we won't be able to abolish the Manchu Qing Dynasty. Therefore, we especially want to kill one or two dog officials, thinking that we Han people are the first to strike. I'm very relieved that this is not going to happen, but I can kill them, and those who follow me can't kill them all. " Lu Haodong said to the officials of the Qing Dynasty, "my words are exhausted. Please execute the sentence as soon as possible." On November 7, 1895, Lu Haodong, Zhu Guiquan, Qiu Si and Cheng KuiGuang died bravely, and they were called the four martyrs. Later, Sun Yat Sen called Lu Haodong the first victim of the Republican Revolution in Chinese history. although the Guangzhou Uprising failed, it was the revolutionary party's first brave attempt to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and establish a republic with armed uprising. Lu Haodong, Cheng KuiGuang and other revolutionaries set a glorious example for their successors with the spirit of fearlessness and sacrifice.

Chinese PinYin : Cheng Kui Guang