Xun Xu

Xun Xu

Xun Xu (?)? 289), the word Gong Zeng. Yingchuan Yingyin (now Xuchang City, Henan Province) people. From the Three Kingdoms to the Western Jin Dynasty, he was a tonographer, a litterateur, a bibliophile, and a founder of the Western Jin Dynasty. He is the great grandson of Sikong xunshuang in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Xun Xu was intelligent and studious in his youth. At the beginning of his official career in Wei Dynasty, he was a member of the general's army, and later moved to Zhongshu tongshilang. After Cao Shuang was killed, he successively served as Anyang Ling, Hushi, Zhonglang, Tingwei Zheng and so on. He also served as the chief General of Sima Zhao's record office. He repeatedly schemed and trusted him. He shared secrets with Pei Xiu and Yang Hu. After the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, he was granted the title of Marquis of Jibei Prefecture. Later, he paid homage to Zhong Shu Jian and Shi Zhong, and received his works. Tired official to Guanglu doctor, instrument with three division, Shou Shangshu order. When he was in Shangshutai, he checked out the incompetent people in the province. In 289, Xun Xu died. He was given the title of "Cheng" to situ.

Xun Xu was good at flattering and was compared to the second minister who overturned the country and upset the current situation. However, he is cautious. He keeps his mouth shut when he participates in the national affairs, and does not want others to know that he participates in them. Xunxu was erudite and versatile. He revised laws with Jia Chong, revised LV when he was in charge of entertainment, and collated classics with Zhang Hua according to Liu Xiang's BIE Lu when he was in charge of secretary's prison. There are three volumes of collected works, which have been lost.

Life of the characters

Early and early

Xunxu is the great grandson of Sikong xunshuang in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Xunxi's father xunxi died early. Xunxi was raised by his uncle's family when he was young. He was so clever that he could write at the age of ten. Zhong Yao, the grandfather of xunxu's hall, once sighed: "this child will surely be comparable to his great grandfather in the future." Xun Xu was knowledgeable when he was an adult. In Zhengshi (240-249), he was conquered by the general Cao Shuang and became a member of the general of Zhongshu.

Good governance

In 249, Cao Shuang was killed in the gaopingling incident. At that time, no one of Cao Shuang's students and old officials dared to go to mourn. Only Xun Xu went there, so they followed. Later, Xun Xu was appointed magistrate of Anyang County, and then transferred to general Hushi to work as Zhonglang. When Xun Xu was the magistrate of Anyang County, he had a good governance, and the people set up ancestral temples for him. Later, he was transferred to Ting Wei Cheng, and he was also a member of the general army, Sima Zhao. He was transferred to be a general in Zhonglang and was in charge of the office of LINGJI.

give counsel

In the fifth year of Ganlu (260), Cao Mao, the emperor of Wei, was dissatisfied with Sima's dictatorship and wanted to attack Sima Zhao secretly. At that time, sun you, Sima Zhao's family member, was guarding the Changhe gate. Sima Gan, the brother of Sima Zhao and Marquis of Anyang, heard that there was a mutiny and he wanted to enter Changhe gate. Sun you said to Sima Gan, "no one has entered this gate yet. You can enter from Dongye gate." After Sima Gan entered, Sima Zhao blamed him for coming too late. After explaining the reason for Sima Gan's late arrival, Sima Zhao wanted to exterminate sun you. Xun Xu remonstrated: "sun you is really to blame for not letting the Marquis of Anyang in. However, there are always things that are going well and not going well, and the severity of punishment should not be shifted by happiness and anger. If Cheng Chu is guilty, the punishment is only for him, but sun you wants the whole family to kill him. I'm afraid the righteous people in the world will have a discussion. " So only sun you was spared the rank of commoner. At that time, Guan qiluyi asked to enter Shu as an assassin (Guo Xiu, the former Zhonglang, succeeded in assassinating Fei Yi, the great general of the Shu Han Dynasty). Xun Xu said to Sima Zhao, "in order to govern the world in the way of Minggong and gongzhi, we should take a just teacher to fight against the traitors and use the method of assassination to get rid of the traitors. This is not the reason that we should defeat distant people by virtue, nor can we set an example for people from all over the world." Sima Zhao thinks this opinion is very good. In the fourth year of Jingyuan (263), when Zhong Hui rebelled in Shu, the news was not confirmed. It was just a rumor from outsiders that Sima Zhaoping had been very kind to Zhong Hui and did not believe that he would rebel. Xun Xu said: "although Zhong Hui has received your favor, he can't be regarded as a person who gets favor and thinks of righteousness. He should be on guard as early as possible." So Sima Zhao immediately left Chang'an. Guo Yi and Wang Shen believed that Xun Xu was Zhong Hui's nephew and grew up in his uncle's family when he was young. They advised Sima Zhao to demote Xun Xu. Sima Zhao did not listen, and made Xun Xu sit with him in the same car, treating him as before. Before that, Xun Xu said, "Wei Yu should be the commander in charge of the Shu expedition." The rebellion of Zhonghui occurred after the peace of Shu, which was settled by Wei Yu. In 264, after the Zhonghui rebellion was put down, Xun Xu returned to Luoyang with Sima Zhao and took charge of the secret affairs with Pei Xiu and Yang Hu. At that time, he was going to send envoys to Soochow to ask the literati to draft a letter with SUN Hao. Sima Zhao chose the letter written by Xun Xu. After SUN Hao received the book, he reported that he was willing to make friends with his relatives. Sima Zhao said to Xun Xu, "the letter you wrote before is more obedient than a hundred thousand troops." In the same year, Sima Zhao ascended to the throne of Jin Dynasty. He appointed Xun Xu as his servant, and conferred the title of anyangzi, who lived in a city of 1000 households.

Order and law revision

In December of the first year of Taishi (January 266), Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, was granted by Cao Huan, Emperor Wei, to establish the Western Jin Dynasty. Xunxu was renamed the Duke of Jibei County, but because Yanghu resigned his title as Marquis of Nancheng County, xunxu also resigned and became Marquis of Jibei county. He was also worshipped as the commander of Zhongshu. He served as the Minister of Zhongshu and led the work. He worked with general Jia Chong to make laws and regulations. In 271, Ren Kai and Yin Yuchun recommended Jia Chong to guard Guanzhong in order to resist the rebellion. Xun Xu said to Feng Chuan, "if Jia Gongyuan is released, we will lose power in the court. Now that the prince's marriage is still in the air, if the daughter of Duke Jia is allowed to become the crown princess, then Duke Jia will naturally stay in the capital to serve. " So Xun Xu and Feng Qian took the opportunity to praise in front of Emperor Wu: "Jia Chong's daughter is extremely talented. If she is included in the East Palace, she will certainly help the future monarch, just like the virtue of empress in Guanju of the book of songs." So the prince's marriage was settled. Xun Xu was ridiculed as a sycophant. After a long time, Xun Xu was granted the title of Guanglu doctor. Xun Xu was in charge of music, and his revised temperament was popular in the world. Before long, he served as Secretary Supervisor, and together with Zhang Hua, the Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPC, sorted out ancient books according to Liu Xiang's BIE Lu in the Western Han Dynasty. He also established a doctor of calligraphy, set up doctoral students, and taught calligraphy, taking the calligraphy of Zhong Yao and Hu Wujing as the standard. In the first year of Xianning (275), Xun Xu, Tai Bao He Zeng and the late Taifu Zheng Chong were all listed for sacrifice. In the fifth year of Xianning (279), when Wang Jun went up to ask for an expedition against Wu, Xun Xu and Jia Chong firmly remonstrated that the state of Wu could not be attacked. Sima Yan did not listen to their opinions, and the expedition against Wu was successful. In the following year, Sima Yan discussed xunxu's special management of the imperial edict, granted one of his sons the Marquis of the pavilion, ate 1000 households in the city, and gave xunxu thousands of silk. He also named his sun xunxian the Marquis of Yingyang Pavilion. After the discovery of the ancient bamboo script in the ancient tomb of Jijun County, Sima Yan ordered Xun Xu to compile and collate it into Zhongjing (the new book of Zhongjing), which was kept by the secretary.

Suggestions on current affairs

At that time, Emperor Wu asked Xun Xu about the proposal that all the princes should take office in the feudal state. Xun Xu replied, "most of the princes have been appointed as governors. If they are returned to the feudal state, the local governors will be abandoned. According to the rule of feudalism, it is necessary to divide counties and counties. People are attached to their hometown, so they will not be happy. When a feudal state is closed, it is necessary to set up an army, and the officers and soldiers are also used by the feudal state, so that there will be not enough troops guarding the border. " Sima Yan asked Xun Xu to think about it again, and Xun Xu stated: "if we follow the imperial edict and imitate the ancient princes to select talents, integrate military affairs with government orders, and supervise military affairs in feudal areas, then the purpose of the imperial edict is right. As for the separation of the fixed fiefdoms and the differences between them, it is certainly good. However, if we split the old soil, I am afraid there will be turbulence, which will make people anxious to change. After careful consideration, I think in private that we should stick to the original system. If, under certain circumstances, it is necessary to transfer the fiefdom, as long as it does not divide the territory and damage the interests of seizing the fiefdom, it is appropriate to do so. In fact, it is no different from the feudal system of counties and pavilions in the old days. If you change it in a hurry, I'm afraid it will be a pity. Today, we should solve major problems first, and we can decide on the issue of the five class system later. Although there are long-lasting and more perfect things, there are temporary problems that have to be solved, which can not be ignored. " Emperor Wu thought Xun Xu's advice was appropriate, so he followed his advice in many places. The central government also talked about reducing the number of prefectures and counties' officials by half to support agricultural production. Xun Xu put forward his opinion: "provincial officials are not as good as provincial officials, provincial officials are not as good as provincial affairs, and provincial affairs are not as good as peace of mind. In the past, Xiao He and Cao Shen were the prime ministers of the Han Dynasty. They had a quiet heart. The common people had the ballad "Xiao He is the law, Gou Ruo Hua Yi". This is the foundation of the pure heart. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty handed down his clothes and ruled the world without criminal law. Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty merged the officials, and the county officials set up officials in the country and cities, which was one tenth of the original. In the reign of Wei Taihe, envoys from the imperial court were sent out to streamline the officials of the whole world; in the reign of Zhengshi, prefectures and counties were merged, which were provincial officials. Now, if we want to seek the root, we should take saving things first. People in official positions must make them aware of Xiao He's heart to help the country and educate. The hypocrisy will disappear naturally, and the flashy people will be afraid to shrink. Respect and contentment are important, so that the humble do not harm the noble, the young do not bully the elderly, the estranged do not alienate their close relatives, the new acquaintances do not alienate their old friends, the small do not impose on the big, and adultery does not break the righteous deeds. Then the upper and lower levels will be at peace, and the people far and near will trust each other. If you can't get an official position by means of profiteering, and if you can't get an honor by means of flattery from your friends, you'll find out what's right and what's wrong, and the officials won't be confused. If we get rid of the strange skills and restrain the heresy, we can change the old rules. If we get lucky and get extraordinary benefits, we will get heavier punishment. Then the officials will keep their duties, and the people will not change their minds. If things happen, we will get worse

Chinese PinYin : Xun Xu