Chen Pu
Chen Pu
Chen Pu, whose name is Shangde, is known as Shitang. In 1244, he was born in Shitang, the 20th capital of Ningde (now Meihe village and Wenfeng Village, Hubei Town, Jiaocheng District). The famous educationist and Neo Confucianist of the Southern Song Dynasty, whose casting and engraving leaky pot is the rudiment of the earliest clock and watch in the world.
Profile
Chen Pu (1244-1315 A.D.) was born in the fourth year of Chunyou in LiZong of Song Dynasty and died in the second year of Yanyou in Renzong of Yuan Dynasty at the age of 72. It lives in Shitang mountain. In Yuan Dynasty, he lived in seclusion as a professor with hundreds of scholars. It is impossible to be a provincial professor. He was appointed as the leader of Yunzhuang Academy. He lived in Putonghua in the late days and made the public benefit. There are four volumes of Shitang's manuscripts, and the general catalogue of Siku is popular in the world.
In his childhood, Chen Pu studied hard, reading four books and five classics. When he grew up, Chen Pu devoted himself to the study of Zhu Xi's Neo Confucianism. At the beginning of Xianchun's life, Han Yifu, a great Confucian in Suzhou, went to Chongde college in eastern Zhejiang, where he betrothed his daughter Yuchan to him.
In the seventh year of Xianchun (1271), the Mongolian soldiers went south, and Chen Pu lived in seclusion in Shitang mountain. All day long, he entertained himself by writing poor classics.
In 1279, when the Song Dynasty died, Chen Pu regarded himself as a adherent of the Song Dynasty and vowed not to be an official of the Yuan Dynasty. He was appointed as a professor in Fujian Province by the yuan court three times, but he refused. He set up a hall in Renfeng Temple of Shitang mountain (now belongs to Wenfeng Village of Hubei town) to advocate learning, recruit apprentices and teach art. Students from all over the world are hundreds of years old. In teaching, Chen Puli advocated the integration of theory with practice, which means "not valuing literature and Ci, worshiping elegance and dethroning levity", but "truly knowing practice, seeking to be worthy of ancient sages". Under the influence of his teaching, Han Xintong, huang shang, Yang Wan, Yu Zai and others were all famous scholars of Neo Confucianism at that time. While teaching meticulously and tutoring students, Chen Pu also studied mathematics and physics. During this period, he repeatedly studied the poly copper casting and carving leaky pot. After numerous repeated experiments, it was finally made in the third year. This pot "rises and falls at the right time, and it's delicate. At that time, the Chief Secretary of Fujian had ordered the Fu city to be built according to this, and put it in Fujian qiaolou (Drum Tower) to announce the time.
Fearing that Yuan Ting would be punished, Chen Pu went to the mountainous areas of Gutian, Pingnan and Zhenghe for 12 years. Later, he set up Dexing Chuan Academy in Zhenghe. He also taught Yunzhuang Academy in Jianyang, Aofeng Academy in Fuzhou and Aofeng Academy in Changle. Where they have been, scholars have come to pick their clothes. Meanwhile, at the request of Liu Shuo, Chen Pu wrote xiukaoting Ji for the reconstruction of Jianyang kaoting, and compiled funeral of Huang Gan and Yang Fu and Zhu Xi's related works, which were published in ten volumes. Chen Pu is well read, well-educated and versatile. Besides the six classics, he was also familiar with Lu, astronomy, geography and calendar, and was proficient in the theory of balance between yin and Yang.
In the second year of Yanyou (1315), Chen Pu died of illness in Puzhong and was buried in Shitang mountain by his relatives. The people of the city cherish the memory of his achievements in education, and worship his ancestral temple.
Records of Fujian Tongzhi
Chen Pu (1244-1315) was named "Shangde" and "Beizhai". He was known as Mr. Shitang in the world. He was born in Shitang, the 20th capital of Ningde (now in Wenfeng Village, Hubei township). Poor family, hard work, hard work. Read the four books and five classics, and get to know the Confucian classics.
As an adult, Chen Pu devoted himself to the study of Zhu Xi's Neo Confucianism. At the end of Xianchun period in Song Dynasty, Han Jifu, a famous scholar in Kuaiji, advocated Taoism in eastern Zhejiang Province. After several years of hard work, he became proficient in the history of Confucian classics and became famous in Fujian and Zhejiang.
During the reign of song Xiangxing (1278-1279), Chen Pu returned to his hometown. At that time, the Song Dynasty was about to die, and the war broke out everywhere. Chen pusui lived in seclusion in Shitang mountain and entertained himself by writing. During this period, he paid close attention to the public welfare of Xiangzi. For example, when there was a lack of wells along the post road in the city, he invested in digging several Eight Trigram wells outside the north gate of Yidu to make pedestrians thirsty for drink. At that time, the city people suffered a lot from the fire in the city of Ningde. He also built the West Lake outside the west gate of the county government, which was "twelve feet straight, twenty-four feet horizontal, seventy-two feet round", "built bridges on the top, and set pavilions on the side", which could prevent fire and provide sightseeing.
In 1279, when the Song Dynasty died, Chen Pu regarded himself as a adherent of the Song Dynasty and vowed not to be an official of the Yuan Dynasty. Chen pujun was determined to revitalize his hometown education. He set up a museum in Renfeng Temple of Shitang mountain to promote learning and recruit apprentices to teach arts. The students from all over the world have heard that their learning is based on the tradition, and the number of tourists is up to hundreds every year. He inherited the tradition of Jifu and advocated the orthodox learning of Zhu Xi. He once warned his students: "life, morality, Wuchang, sincerity and respect are like fighting in heaven and five mountains and four desecrations in the four books and five classics. What do you want to learn if you don't want to do it?" In order to promote Zhu Xi's theory, he was entrusted by Prime Minister Liu Minzhong to re compile the funeral rites of Huang Gan and Yang Fu and Zhu Xi's related works, which were published in ten volumes. In teaching, Chen Puli advocated the integration of theory with practice, which means "not valuing literature and words", but "truly knowing and practicing, and seeking to be worthy of ancient sages". Under its edification, many disciples are not only proficient in the profound meaning of Neo Confucianism, but also can go deep into the social reality and seek insight. Han Xintong, Yang Wan and Yu Zai were all famous scholars of Neo Confucianism at that time.
At the invitation of his friends, Chen Pu was invited to lecture at Yunzhuang Academy in Jianzhou (now Jianou county), Aofeng Academy in Jianyang and Chuan Academy in Dexing (now jingnei County, Jiangxi Province). Where they went, scholars came in droves, and they were famous at that time.
After the third year of Yuanzhen (1297), Chen Pu lived in Putian for 18 years. He cultivated a group of excellent science talents with his exquisite knowledge. Later generations said that "there are many sages in Puzhong, who are trained by lectures, and Shitang is almost the originator", which is not over praise.
Before he was born, Chen Pu read a lot of books and had a wide range of knowledge and talents. In addition to the six classics, he was also familiar with Lu, astronomy, geography, and arithmetic, and was proficient in the theory of balance between yin and Yang. It is exquisite and exquisite. It goes up and down at the right time, without any delicacy. It is highly appreciated by people. At that time, the leaky pot in Qianqiao building, Fujian's chief political officer, was built by Chen PU.
In 1315, Chen Pu died of illness in Putian and was buried in Shitang mountain. The people of the city cherish the memory of his achievements in education, and worship him in the ancestral hall of the local sages.
Chen Pu wrote a lot of works in his life, including several hundred volumes, such as four books sentence Jieling key, Xueyong Zhiyao, Mencius zuatu, Zhouyi Jie, Shangshu Buwei, four books and five classics handout, huntianyi Lun, Yongshi Duan, Ziyi, etc. Most of them are lost. Today, there are 22 volumes of Shitang's remains, one volume of Shitang's remains and one volume of Wuyi's songs (written by Zhu Xi and annotated by Chen PU).
Life story
On "Shen Zi Qiao"
In the area of Wenfeng Village and Meihe village in Hubei Township, there is a corridor bridge with unique shape, which once performed the "eternal harmony" of Zhu Xi and Chen PU. It is said that when Zhu Xi founded Lantian Academy in sugiyang, Gutian, one summer afternoon, he passed by shitangdun and felt thirsty. He saw a spring more than 100 meters away from the bridge, so he went down to drink a few mouthfuls. The spring had the smell of ink. He realized that "in the next few decades, the great Confucian was born here." When I passed by the corridor bridge under construction, I saw that the carpenter was not there, leaving behind an ink bucket and a bamboo pen, and then I mentioned the poem "Ziyang poetry prophecy stone hall is famous forever" on a beam. After writing, Zhu Xi left. The carpenter thought it was some child who doodled here, so he picked up a planer and planed for a long time. Because the ink had penetrated into the wood, he had to install it. Therefore, at that time, people called it "Sunzi bridge".
"Eternal harmony"
In 1244, the fourth year of Chunyou in the Southern Song Dynasty, Chen Pu was born here. It is said that Chen Pu, a poor boy, is diligent, studious and intelligent. When he was five years old, he saw egrets flying by in the field and wrote "Ode to egrets" which says: "I sit here and I rest there. There is no cloud in the sky, so I can fly some snow.". After hearing this, his teacher praised him very much. At the age of 12, he is proficient in four books and five classics. In summer, I visited Chenzi bridge with my friends, and saw that the title of the beam of the bridge pavilion was "Ziyang poetry prophecy stone hall is famous for thousands of years" in the first couplet, but not in the second couplet. I bowed my head and thought for a moment, then I wrote the title: "the emperor Xuandi respected gold and lived for thousands of years.". The pen is strong and the match is neat. Chen Pu did not expect that this achievement of his and Zhu Xi's "eternal harmony", Chen Pu thus famous. Later, Chen Pu heard that Han Yifu, a great Confucian in Suzhou (Han was from Zhaozhou, Hebei Province, a student of Fuguang, and Fuguang was a student of Zhu Xi), was teaching in Chongde college in eastern Zhejiang Province. Chen Pu was eager to study and went to Chongde college after a year. From then on, Chen Pu became Zhu Xi's third disciple. After years of hard work, he finally mastered the classics and history, and became famous in Fujian and Zhejiang.
Set up library and advocate learning in Yuan Dynasty
After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, the court of the Yuan Dynasty heard that Chen Pu had many talents. Liu Bingzhong, a counselor of the emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty, invited Chen Pu to be a professor of Fujian three times. Chen Pu encouraged himself by Tao Yuanming and refused to go to imperial edict three times. His bamboo poem says: "one section after another, thousands of branches gather thousands of leaves. I don't want to blossom, I don't want to tease bees and butterflies. " The purpose is to keep the reputation and integrity, not to seek favor. He refused to be an official, but returned to his hometown to open Renfeng academy, and hung a plaque in the middle hall of the academy to show his ambition. Now this plaque is well preserved by the villagers of Wenfeng Village.
Every year, there are hundreds of scholars in the small mountain village academy. He inherited the tradition of Jifu and advocated the orthodox learning of Zhu Xi. He once warned his students: "life, morality, Wuchang, sincerity and respect are like fighting in heaven and five mountains and four desecrations in the four books and five classics. What do you want to learn if you don't want to do it?" In teaching, he advocated integrating theory with practice, governing classics "not valuing literature and Ci, advocating elegance and dethroning levity", and "truly knowing practice, seeking to be worthy of ancient sages". He also attaches great importance to the selection of new students when he imparts knowledge. "Ningde literature and history materials · anecdotes of Shitang" records: "when Han Xintong first entered Renfeng academy, Chen Pu also wrote a question:" the father conquers the son when the bamboo shoots are worn on the bamboo shoots. "Han Xintong replied:" the rice stalk binds the seedling, and the mother holds the son. ". After listening to this, he accepted the admission and later became his favorite student. "
Under his influence
Chinese PinYin : Chen Pu
Chen Pu
