Liu Zhan

Liu Zhan

Liu Zhan (year of birth and death unknown), the word a few, Xuzhou Pengcheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) people. The Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty was the son of Liu Jing.

In the early years of Dahe, Jinshi was promoted to the second place and entered the shogunate. In the early years of Xiantong, he moved to Taichang, where he served successively as Hanlin bachelor, Zhongshu Sheren, Hubu Shilang, Hedong Jiedushi, and jingzhaoyin. Ten years later, he became the prime minister by conferring zhongshushilang, Tongping Zhangshi and Jixian hall. He opposed the killing of the medical officials who served Princess Tongchang and released them to the local government.

Emperor Fu Zong of Tang Dynasty ascended the throne and served as the governor of Kang and Guo states. He became a guest of the crown prince, a branch secretary of Dongdu, and a minister of the Ministry of punishment. He worshipped the Minister of Zhongshu and Zhang Shi of Tongping. He lived in March and died

Life of the characters

Liu Zhan, a native of Guiyang in Tang Dynasty, was born in Pengcheng. Xuanzong was a Jinshi of Dazhong, and also a scholar of erudite CI. Tired to worship Zhongshu Sheren, out for Hedong Festival envoy. In the 11th year of Xiantong reign of Yizong, Zhang Shi was the Minister of Zhongshu. Princess Tongchang died, killing more than 20 medical officials, admonishing Zhanli, angering Yizong, demoting Yizhou Si Hu. Fu Zongli, Zhao Zhan, was also the Prime Minister of the dynasty, but he died a few years ago.

Historical records

Old book of Tang Dynasty

Liu Zhan, whose name is Jizhi, was born in Pengcheng. Zusheng, Fujing. Zhan, Taihe was promoted to the first place. In the fourth year, he went to the Department of erudite and macro Ci, and served as an envoy. Xiantong was promoted to court at the beginning of his life, and he moved to Taichang for many years. Liu Yu, as a prime minister, was recommended to be a scholar of the Imperial Academy. He was transferred to a doctor, who was worshipping Zhongshu Sheren and Hubu Shilang. Out for Taiyuan Yin, Hedong Jiedushi. After paying homage to Jing Zhaoyin, he became the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs and the academician of Hanlin. Ten years later, he took charge of Zhangshi, the Minister of Zhongshu, the Minister of the Ministry of punishment, and the Bachelor of Jixian hall. In August of the 11th year, Princess Hong of Tongchang and Emperor Yizong cherished her. Han zongzhao and Kang Zhongyin, the medical officials of the Imperial Academy, were sent to prison. Two clans, branches and branches to catch more than 300 people, prison are full. The admonishment of Zhanzhao was ordered to be sparse, but he didn't dare to say anything. Zhanzi Shangshu said: "when a minister hears about a short period of time, he is divided into two groups. The wise and the foolish are the same. Qiao Songhe's flowers have different natural qualities. As for Chen Keng's longevity test, he did not prolong his age because of his wisdom; as for Yan Zi's early death, he did not promote his life because of his immortality. All of them contain the spirit and natural principle. Yesterday, Princess Tongchang was sick for a long time. She was deeply moved by her kindness. There is no sign of medicine, but the light is suddenly separated. His majesty had loved Zhong Chen and was deeply in memory of him. He was responsible for the medical work and ordered him to be strict with the constitution. However, Han zongzhao and other art due to his special circumstances are very proud of him. When he wants to see a doctor, he will do his best. I also want to be as sick as snow. The medicine can temporarily relieve my mind. It's hard to remove my misfortunes and blessings, but it turns out to be worse. The original situation can also be sad. And the fault of error, death is not blame. Since his Majesty's anger, the government and the public were shocked, and the nine families were imprisoned in the prison because of the wrong medicine. There are more than 300 people in the Department of old and young weapons. Xian Yun said: "on the day when he was called in, he didn't touch his salary. When he was given medicine, he had different opinions. This is a disaster from the sky, and the culprits have done it themselves. " Things are boiling, roads are sighing. your majesty, with benevolence and virtue, has been in charge of the imperial court for ten years. He has been in charge of all nations, and has been in charge of holy politics. What's the matter? I've changed my mind. The king who knows his destiny by reason is involved in blasphemy. In addition, he disobeyed the law by sacrificing his maids, and made an injustice by punishing others. His Majesty was not worried about danger, and he was angry even though he was in trouble. your majesty believes in Buddhism and pays attention to the birth of heaven. It's necessary to be merciful, to be convenient for giving and not to have evil thoughts. It's called Futian. Then the accumulation of the industry will disappear, and the life will be more profitable than the residence, which is not the same year. I hope that your majesty will release all the prisoners. I'm glad to be irritable. I'm devout in the teachings of King Kong and love the spirit of the Lord. Both Chinese and foreign officials are sincere. Emperor Yueshu was very angry, so he stopped looking at the Minister of punishment, Zhang Shi of Tongping, Yin of Jiangling and other envoys in southern Jingzhou. Then he demoted the governor of Kangzhou and transferred the governor of Guozhou. Into the court for the prince guest division. Zheng Wan, the Assistant Minister of the Imperial Academy, Gao Xiang, the right counsellor, Yang Zhizhi, the doctor of the Ministry of rites, Zhang Yan, the member of the Ministry of war, Cui Yanrong, the member of the Ministry of punishment, and Sun Yu, the imperial censor, were all demoted. Jing Zhaoyin and Wen Zhang died on medicine.

New book of Tang Dynasty

Liu Zhan, a few words, first came out of Pengcheng and later moved to Guiyang. All of them are successful. Xu Shang set up the Department of Yantie mansion and moved to Taichang doctor. Liu Yu was in power. He was recommended to be an academician. He worshipped Zhongshu and gave up his talents. He was appointed as the governor of Hedong. In the 11th year of Xiantong reign, he took Zhongshu as his minister and worked with Zhongshu as his assistant. Princess Hong of Tongchang and Han shaozong of Yizong were sent to prison, and hundreds of clan members were arrested. He said to the admonishment officials that they did not dare to speak, that is to say, they spared and argued from the top: "shaozong was poor, but his skills could not work, and his feelings could be reserved. His majesty favors his daughter, imprisons the common people, ignores difficulties in spite of indignation, and slanders those who are violent and unclear. " The emperor was so angry that he gave it up and took the censoring of the Minister of punishment and Tongping Zhangshi as the envoys of Jingnan. Lu Yan, Wei Baoheng from the evil words of Emperor Wen, Russia denounced the governor of Lianzhou. As a result, the academician Zheng Wan was not deeply responsible for the imperial edict, and Sun Yu, the Prime Minister of the imperial censor, and Gao Xiang, the counsellor, sat down with him and looked forward to the good, and demoted Lingnan. Yan et al. Had not been killed. According to the picture, he saw that the road of Chou was ten thousand li, that is to say, he demoted Chou Si Hu to take part in the military, and ordered Li Yu to make an imperial edict to slander him, so he killed him. The world is called Zhan Qian Zheng, especially slander squeeze, for injustice. Zhang Gongsu, the governor of Youzhou City, was not afraid to harm the rocks. He moved to Kangzhou and Guozhou to serve as a governor. He was summoned by the Minister of punishment, and then returned to pingzhangshi, the Minister of Zhongshu. He lived and died in March. He is honest and trustworthy, and his salary is more than enough to help those who are close to the old. He does not keep any money in his family. If there is no other place to give up, you can't offer your gifts to the door, and you will be clean all the time.

Anecdotes and allusions

Liu Zhan has not been prime minister for a long time, but there are two things that make him famous. One is the Tongchang Princess incident. In August of the 11th year of Xiantong, Princess Tongchang died of illness. Tang Yizong was very sad and thought that the imperial doctor had failed to cure her. Han zongshao, the imperial medical officer who treated Princess Tongchang, and other more than 20 people were killed, but they refused to give up. More than 300 of the family members of these medical officers were arrested, put in prison, and prepared to be decapitated. For a moment, the whole Chang'an was in a uproar. Liu Zhan, as the prime minister, immediately summoned the admonishment officials to dissuade Yizong, but they were afraid of Yizong and did not dare to speak. Liu Zhan had no choice but to remonstrate himself. He said: "the period of shortening is the division of people When Zong Shao was in the process of diagnosis and treatment, he only wanted to recover from his illness. He didn't do his best, but his misfortunes and blessings were hard to move Today, there are more than 300 old and young people in the Department of machinery. Things are boiling and the road is sighing I would like to be less worried about returning to the holy place, and I would like to be lenient to those who are concerned about it. " However, where Yizong heard it, he immediately pulled his face down. Liu Zhan ignored it and argued for it. In a fury, Yizong demoted Liu Zhan to juezhou (today's Yi'an area in Vietnam) ten thousand miles away from Kyoto to join the army. Liu Zhan risked his life to save more than 300 innocent people. Although he was demoted after being convicted, his righteous behavior, fearless of violence and upholding justice have always remained in people's hearts and illuminated future generations. Another thing is Liu Zhan's honesty, which is admired by the world. According to historical records, Liu Zhan became prime minister in the cabinet just because he was known as "Qing Ming". When he was convicted by the emperor to save the innocent, the emperor ordered Zheng wancao, the academician of the Imperial Academy, to make an imperial edict. What crime? Instead of listing it, Zheng recommended him in the imperial edict: "the house of an few mu is still not his own, but it is a bribe from all directions, and it is only for fear that people will know." (Zizhitongjian)

Historical evaluation

A prime minister's house is not his own private house, and he can refuse bribes from all sides. It's a rare incorruptible official. I think it is because of his selflessness that he has the courage to offend the emperor. In the face of honor, Liu Zhan was humble. After Yizong's death, Xizong ascended the throne and became the official of Liu Zhanping. When the people of Chang'an heard that this virtuous prime minister would return to Chang'an, they were all jubilant and added their amount to celebrate. They are also preparing to collect money to invite Baixi to welcome Liu Zhan when he arrives in the capital. What a glorious thing it was. But when Liu Zhan heard the news, he immediately changed the date and route of his return to the capital, avoiding the great honor that others could not get. Liu Zhan is such an honest, upright and not vain prime minister. He is no inferior to Zhang Jiuling in Qujiang. Unfortunately, less than three months after his second visit to the prime minister, he passed away. Some said that he died of a violent illness, while others said that he was the victim of adultery. There is no final conclusion in the history books. Anyway, the cause of his death is unknown. After Liu Zhan's death, the people in his hometown built a tombstone for him at the foot of Jinfeng mountain in Lianzhou. Tombs and steles were destroyed during the cultural revolution.

Chinese PinYin : Liu Zhan