Yu Wenhu

Yu Wenhu

Yuwenhu (513 ~ April 12, 572), with the name of Sabao, was born in Wuchuan (now Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) of Xianbei nationality. In the early period of Northern Zhou Dynasty, Quan Chen was the nephew of Yu Wentai, Emperor Wen of Zhou Dynasty, and the third son of Yu Wenhao, Duke Hui of Shao Dynasty.

Dignified and upright, he had a lot of ambition. He followed Yu Wentai to fight in all directions and made many achievements. He served as commander in chief, general of Zhenglu and general of Hushi. In 554, yuwentai handed over the power to yuwenhu. After Yu Wenhu took over the state affairs, he forced emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty to take the position of tuobakuo Zen in Yu wenjue.

After the establishment of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, he was granted the great Sima, and was appointed the Duke of Jin. He was tyrannical and autocratic. He killed emperor Xiaomin, yuwenjue, tuobakuo, and Wucheng, yuwenyu, smashing the opposition forces such as Zhao GUI, Duke of Chu and Du Guxin, Duke of Wei, and stabilizing the regime of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. When he moved to dazhongzai, he was in charge of the twelve armies and became the actual ruler of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.

In the second year of Wucheng (560), yuwenyong, the fourth son of yuwentai, was Emperor. In the third year of Baoding (563), he ordered General Yang Zhong of Zhu state to join the Turks in the eastern expedition to the Northern Qi Dynasty, besieged Luoyang and returned to Luoyang without success, which greatly reduced his personal prestige.

In the seventh year of Tianhe (572), he was executed in the hall of Hanren in Chang'an, and all his descendants and Party members were cleansed.

Yuwenhu was in power for 15 years from 557 to 572, which played an important role in the establishment and stability of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Jiande three years (574), the restoration of Jin Duke, posthumous title for Dang.

Life of the characters

Manager affairs

In 513, yuwenhu was born in Wuchuan (now Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). He was the third son of yuwenhao, Shao Huigong, and was the nephew of yuwentai. When he was young, he was dignified, upright, ambitious and magnanimous. He was loved by his grandfather Yu wenshou, and his expectations were higher than those of his brothers. In 524, when yuwenhu was 12 years old, his father, yuwenhao, died and accompanied his father in the army of Ge Rong. After Ge Rong failed, he moved to Jinyang. In the third year of Yong'an (530), when Yu Wentai led his army into Guanzhong, Yu Wenhu did not follow Yu Wentai because he was young.

In the first year of Putai (531), yuwenhu came to Pingliang from Jinyang at the age of 19. At that time, yuwentai's sons were still young, so they entrusted yuwenhu to manage the housework. Although he did not use his power, he managed the internal and external affairs in a orderly way. Yuwentai once praised yuwenhu for his ambition and bearing.

Enlist in the Eastern Wei Dynasty

In the first year of Taichang (532), yuwentai left xiazhou (now baichengzi village, hongdunjie Town, Jingbian County, Shaanxi Province), leaving yuwenhu to accompany he Bayue.

In 534, he Bayue was killed by Hou Mo and Chen Yue in Hequ (now Zhongning County of Ningxia). Yuwentai went to Pingliang and appointed yuwenhu as governor. He followed yuwentai to Shuiluo city (now Zhuanglang County, Gansu Province) to fight against Hou Mo and Chen Yue and defeat him.

In the first year of Datong (535), he was granted the title of Bo in Shuichi county and 500 households in Shiyi County for his contribution to the yuanbaoju of Emperor Wen of the Western Wei Dynasty.

In the early years of Datong (535-551), he was granted the rank of general Tongzhi, a regular official on horseback, and a general Zhenglu. In addition, he was granted the title of Duke in Jin Dynasty by taking part in the ritual music, and the number of food cities increased to 1000. He once followed Yu Wentai to capture Dou Tai, recover Hongnong, conquer Shayuan and fight against Heqiao. Every time, he made great achievements and was promoted to Zhendong general and Dadu governor.

In the eighth year of Datong (542), he was promoted to the rank of general of motorcycles and the third division of Yitong.

In March of the ninth year of Datong (543), in the battle of Mang Mountain, Yu Wenhu led the vanguard generals to be surrounded by the Eastern Wei army, and the commander-in-chief, Fu Houlong en, stepped forward to resist. At that time, Zhao GUI and other troops had retreated, and Yu Wentai withdrew. Yuwenhu was removed from office for this reason, but soon returned to his original position.

In the 12th year of Datong (546), he was granted the title of Hushi general and Kaifu Yitong three divisions. In Jin Dynasty, he was granted the title of Zhongshan Gong, and the number of food cities increased by 400.

In the 15th year of Datong (549), he left the town of Hedong and was promoted to a general.

Capture Jiangling

In September of the first year of emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty (554), Yu Wenhu and Yu Jinnan marched to Nanliang Jiangling. Yu Wenhu LED light cavalry as the vanguard, day and night, and sent his generals to attack Nanliang border towns, one by one occupied, and captured Nanliang patrol and reconnaissance cavalry alive, the army has been advancing under the city of Jiangling. The garrison in the city didn't expect the army to come so quickly, and they were panicked one after another. Yuwenhu also sent 2000 cavalry to cut off the Yangtze River Ferry and collect ships for backup. When the army arrived, it surrounded Jiangling and captured it.

Therefore, yuwenhu made a great contribution to the war, and his son Yuwen would be named the Duke of Jiangling. At the beginning, Xiangyang barbarian commander Xiang Tianbao and more than ten thousand other people wanted to make trouble by relying on danger. When the army returned, yuwenhu led the army to wipe it out.

The establishment of the Northern Zhou Dynasty

In 556, the third year of emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty, Yu Wentai traveled westward to inspect Qiantun mountain (the northern part of Liupan Mountain in the northwest of Guyuan City in Ningxia, extending northward to the South Bank of the Yellow River in Zhongwei city). He got sick and sent someone to drive a post station to see Yu Wenhu. Yuwenhu met yuwentai in Jingzhou (now North of Jingchuan in Gansu Province), and yuwentai was critically ill. Yuwentai said to yuwenhu: "I'm in danger now. I'm afraid I will die soon. My sons are still young, but the internal worries of the foreign enemies have not yet been settled. Since then, the state power has been entrusted to you. I hope you will do your best to fulfill my wishes. " Yuwenhu tearfully accepted the order. Yuwentai died in Yunyang (now Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province). Yuwenhu kept it secret, and didn't announce the funeral until Chang'an. At that time, yuwentai's eldest son was still young, and his strong enemy was on his side. Yu Wenhu managed the internal and external affairs, appeased the civil and military officials, and then gradually settled down.

Once upon a time, Yu Wentai often said, "I have the power of Hu people". At that time, people didn't understand what it meant. At this time, people understood that it meant Yu Wenhu. After yuwentai'an's burial, yuwenhu, under the pretext that heaven's destiny should belong to him, sent someone to gently persuade emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty to open up his post and make him abdicate.

In 556, the third year of emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty, yuwenhu forced emperor Gong of the Western Wei Dynasty to be the third son of yuwenjue. The following year (557), yuwenjue (emperor Xiaomin) was called the king of Zhou and established the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Worship yuwenhu for the big Sima, granted the Duke of Jin, eating 10000 households.

settle a situation

In 557, the first year of emperor Xiaomin of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Zhao GUI and Du Guxin, the generals of yuwentai's generation, refused to accept yuwenhu's dictatorship and planned to attack and kill yuwenhu. Yuwenhu seizes Zhao GUI when he enters the court, and all participants are executed. Soon, yuwenhu was promoted to Otsuka. At that time, Si Hui Li Zhi, Jun Si Ma sun Heng and others were important officials of the imperial court when Yu Wentai was in power. Seeing that Yu Wenhu was in power and worried about being excluded, they secretly invited Gong Boyi, Fu Feng, Zhang guangluo, he Bati, Yuan Jin and other people to be their confidants and advised emperor Xiaomin: "since Yu Wenhu executed General Zhao GUI, his prestige and power have been increasing day by day, and the counselors and generals have been competing to attach themselves to him Small political affairs are decided by Yu Wenhu. In the eyes of the ministers, the yuwenhu association is more and more disobeying the way of the ministers. I'm afraid his power will be further expanded. I hope your majesty will make plans as soon as possible. " Emperor Xiaomin thought this was reasonable. Yi Fufeng and others also said, "as a sage king like the former king, he still entrusts Li Zhi and sun Heng to deal with the government. If we support each other today, why don't we worry? Besides, Yu Wenhu often says that he is assisting his majesty and wants to follow the example of Duke Zhou. I heard that the Duke of Zhou dealt with the government for seven years on behalf of the king, and then returned it to King Cheng of Zhou. Now can your majesty imagine that yuwenhu will be like Duke Zhou in seven years? I sincerely hope your majesty will not hesitate any more. " Emperor Xiaomin was more convinced that he led the warriors to teach catching movements in the backyard many times.

Yuwenhu secretly got the news, so he sent Li Zhi to be the governor of Liangzhou, and sun Heng to be the governor of Tongzhou, trying to stop them in the middle of the way. But since then, Emperor Xiaomin missed Li Zhi and others, and often wanted to call them back. Yuwen advised: "the closest people in the world are brothers. If brothers contradict each other, it is more difficult to get close to others. Taizu (Yu Wentai) entrusted his Majesty's affairs to his subordinates when he died. Since he is in charge of both the family and the country, he will assist his majesty wholeheartedly. If you can make your majesty personally manage the government and shake the whole world, your subordinates will live and die. I only worry that once the generals and ministers are abolished, the villains will be able to show off their selfish desires, which will not only harm your majesty, but also worry about the danger of the country. The reason why they were diligent and rebellious was that they only wanted to live up to the trust of Taizu and maintain the long-term national destiny. I didn't expect that your majesty didn't appreciate the loyalty of his subordinates, so he suddenly became suspicious. What's more, he is not only the elder brother of the emperor, but also the Prime Minister of the country. What else can he expect? I hope your majesty will understand the heart of your ministers and not be confused by the words of villains. " Then he cried bitterly and stopped after a long time. But emperor Xiaomin was still suspicious of him.

Abolishing emperor Xiaomin

Yuwenhu step up to control the government, Yi Fufeng and others are more afraid, step up the plot, ready to agree a date to call the Duke banquet, seize the opportunity to catch yuwenhu, kill him. Zhang guangluo tells yuwenhu all their plots. Yuwenhu summons Zhu state he Lanxiang, Xiao Sima weichi gang and others to tell them about Yi Fufeng's plot. He Lanxiang and others urged yuwenhu to depose emperor Xiaomin.

At that time, yuwenhu sent Yuchi Gang to the palace to summon Yi Fufeng and other people to discuss the matter. When they came out, they arrested one by one and escorted them to yuwenhufu No.1. Yuwenhu took the opportunity to demobilize the camp soldiers, sent helanxiang to force emperor Xiaomin to abdicate, and imprisoned emperor Xiaomin in his former residence. So he called all the ministers together, and Yu Wenhu cried and said to everyone, "Taizu came from a civilian family. He has been fighting for more than 30 years and worked hard. Unfortunately, the bandits died suddenly before they were even. I'm Taizu's nephew. I'll take my life. Because of Lueyang Gongyu

Chinese PinYin : Yu Wen Hu