Zhang Senkai

Zhang Senkai

Zhang Senkai, born in Hechuan District, Chongqing, is a historian of Qing Dynasty. He studied in Zunjing Academy in Chengdu, and then lectured in Hezhou, Chengdu, Yazhou and Linshui. He was a professor of national history in Chengdu University.

Main works

Zhang Senkai made the greatest contribution to history, writing 48 books, more than 1300 volumes, a total of more than 10 million words. His main works include the new collation and annotation of historical records, the list of general historians, the collation of the Twenty-Four Histories, the history of China, the history of geographical regions in the past dynasties, the map of Xingsheng and Xianyao, the history of Geography in the past dynasties, and the history of officials in the past dynasties in Sichuan. In the early years of the Republic of China, he majored in Hechuan county annals.

Zhang Xiushu, former vice governor of Sichuan Province, cited Zhang Senkai's posthumous works

Life history

Zhang Senkai once participated in the road protection movement and served as the Prime Minister of Chengdu Bureau of Sichuan Han railway company. Sichuan sericulture commune was founded in 1900, which played a positive role in the development of sericulture in eastern Sichuan.

Zhang Senkai is an industrialist and historian. Han character, the number of type Qing, old age number Duan. He was born in Hechuan District of Chongqing. In 1876, Zhang Zhidong, an outstanding scholar in Sichuan studies, was selected as a scholar. One year later, he was selected as a scholar in Zunjing Academy in Chengdu. Because he was fond of doubting the ancient theory, he was removed from the hospital in the name of "deviating from the classics". Later, he went to Jinjiang academy and abandoned classics to study history. It has been compiled into 269 volumes of general history list of people. In addition, he wrote more than 300 volumes of doubts about reading history, which was later revised several times and became the great historical work of the time, collation of the twenty four histories.

Guangxu 12 years (1886) the end of the Academy of learning, was employed as Hezhou Zhendong Township School lecturer. Guangxu 18 (1892) was appointed by Li Shuchang, an observer of Eastern Sichuan, who specialized in historical research. The next year, he went to the provincial capital to take part in the rural examination and won the examination. In 1895, he entered Zunjing academy as an assistant school, and began to write "six lessons of general history". He specially sent out "seeking friends" to seek cooperation, but no one responded, so he chose the road of "saving the country through industry". Guangxu 27 years (1901), in Hezhou dahebachang (now Hechuan County Taihe Town) founded "Sichuan sericulture commune", since the president. The next year, he filed a case for the sericulture commune as "Sichuan democratic industrial secondary school". He went to Jiangsu and Zhejiang in person to recruit teachers and technical personnel. He also went to Japan to investigate the new technology and achievements of sericulture. He made every effort to promote and introduce good mulberry cultivation and new silk reeling technology in Hezhou, and educated students with new knowledge. In 1905, 70000 mulberry plants were planted annually, and silkworm rearing was changed from one season to two seasons. In 1908, the number of silkworm eggs increased to more than 5000, and the silk reeling factory was expanded to be "the first light weft silk factory in Sichuan", with an annual output of more than 200 taels of "Hero Brand" raw silk. Hezhou's mulberry and silkworm eggs spread all over Bashu, and raw silk was sold overseas. For this reason, the Qing government awarded "third class merchant Award". However, Chen Shiyu, the magistrate of Hezhou, falsely accused him of forcibly seizing the sericulture cause of Hezhou, which made his attempt to "save the country through industry" fail. In the first year of Xuantong (1909), Guo Moruo was employed as a history teacher of Chengdu Fu middle school.

In 1911, the "road protection movement" broke out in Sichuan Province, which shocked the whole country. Zhao Erfeng, governor of Sichuan Province, brazenly ordered to suppress the movement by force and arrested progressive patriots. Regardless of his personal safety, he stepped forward and appealed for rescue from all sides. After the revolution of 1911, Sichuan Han railway company held a general meeting of shareholders in Chengdu and elected him as the premier of Chengdu Bureau of Sichuan Han railway company. After taking office, he vigorously reformed the old rules and bad habits, rectified the road administration, and touched on the interests of a small number of people who sought personal interests by relying on the railway. As a result, he was removed from the post of prime minister, and was wanted by the Sichuan provincial government for the crime of "losing money to divert road funds and making contributions to bear rebellion". He was forced to leave Sichuan and go to the Beijing General Prosecutor's office alone to file a lawsuit. In 1915, the wanted order was revoked. In 1917, Zheng Xianshu, the governor of Hechuan County, invited him to preside over the compilation of Hechuan county annals. It took more than five years to complete Hechuan county annals, with 83 volumes and more than 2 million words. In 1924, at the invitation of Song Yuren of Sichuan general Records Bureau, he wrote the table of geographical evolution of past dynasties and the table of official evolution of past dynasties in Sichuan general records in less than one year. In 1925, Chengdu University was founded and appointed as professor of national history. In 1927, he left his post and went north with the manuscript of new proofreading notes of historical records to study in Tianjin Luo Zhenyu's collection. Referring to the works of Fu Zengjing in the book of history, the author made a further study. In May, 133 volumes of new collation and annotation of historical records were revised. On June 23 of the same year, he died in Beiping. There are 27 kinds of works, 1134 volumes in total. After the cemetery moved to Hechuan Bajiaoting under.

Social evaluation

There have been historians in Sichuan since ancient times, but there are few historians from Chongqing today. Zhang Senkai can be called the most influential historian in Chongqing history.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Sen Kai