Li Zhenqing

Li Zhenqing

Li Zhenqing, male, from Qingping, Shandong Province, (1901.08.03-1976.04.21), was a member of the National Defense Ministry of the Kuomintang.

Profile

He studied in a private school when he was young. In June 1921, he joined the army's 15th mixed brigade Xuebing company. In 1924, he was transferred to Baoding police department. In the summer of 1925, he was temporarily appointed as platoon leader of the 15th regiment of the eighth infantry brigade of the fourth division of the army. Later, he was admitted to the 15th issue of the seventh branch of the Central Military Academy (Xi'an Branch). In 1931, he served as battalion commander of the second regiment of the first infantry division of the Army (later changed to the 39th division of the army). In 1933, he joined the army The city resisted Japan.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he participated in the Cangxian campaign and Linyi campaign; in 1939, he served as the deputy division commander of the 106th division of the 40th army; in 1942, he served as the division commander and later the commander of the 40th army; he led the Ministry to take over North China; in 1948, he concurrently served as the commander of the 12th appeasement District, and in December of the same year, he concurrently served as the director of the North Henan Office of Henan provincial government.

In 1949, he went to Taiwan and served as the defense commander of Penghu. During his tenure, he forcibly recruited thousands of young Shandong students who came to Penghu from the mainland to join the army; later, he served as the vice commander in chief of the Taiwan Defense headquarters of the National Revolutionary Army; in 1957, he was transferred to the strategic adviser of the "presidential palace"; in 1964, he served as a member of the "Ministry of national defense" of the Kuomintang; and died in Taipei in April 1976.

Life of the characters

Li Zhenqing, a native of Qingping, Shandong Province, was born on August 3, 1901. He was a burly man with an open and forthright personality. In addition, he was an officer in the army. He knew the sufferings of the soldiers very well and was able to suit the remedy to the case, which won the support of the soldiers.

In his early years, Li Zhenqing mingled with the Northern Warlords. Later, he joined the national army with Pang Bingxun and went on the road of revolution. However, the nature of the warlord troops is hard and easy. Although the three armed forces are in the name of revolution, they still take possession of territory first. As for Li Zhenqing, he made contributions in all previous territory grabbing battles and gradually became a capable general of Pang Bingxun's subordinates.

During the battle in Linyi, the supplementary regiment of Li Zhenqing's 39th division was used as a reserve force. When Pang Bingxun's three regiments came to the end, Li's supplementary regiment played a key role. After several hand to hand battles with the Japanese army, he recovered his lost position and was promoted to major general of the 115 brigade after the war. Perhaps it was because Li Zhenqing was so popular with the soldiers that commander Ma Fawu and deputy commander Liu Shirong had always been afraid that Li would threaten their position, so they always excluded Li from the Pang group's decision-making circle. This situation did not change until the 40th army was defeated in Taihang Mountain.

The battle of Taihang Mountain in 1943 was a heavy blow to the 40th army. Among them, the 40th army headquarters and the 39th division have few left, less than 1000 people in total, but the 106th Division has made a successful breakthrough. Inspired by division commander Li Zhenqing, the division crossed the Yellow River and reported to the military headquarters. As the organizational structure of the 106th division is still very complete, it naturally attracted the attention of the first theater chief in the reorganization of various departments after the war. After all, the troops that have retreated the Yellow River are basically no longer the same. Many of them are just empty numbers. Only the 106 Division has maintained its organizational structure. As a result, Li Zhenqing naturally became the deputy commander of the 40th army and the commander of the 106th division. When Chiang Kai Shek learned about the "glorious breakthrough history" of the 106th division, he decided to promote Li as the commander of the 5th army.

Li Zhenqing refused because he knew that when he went to be a commander in an army that had no foundation of his own, he would be forced by his subordinates and become a bare army commander. Facts have proved that Li Zhenqing's idea is correct. Because after he refused to be promoted, Chiang Kai Shek promoted Li Hanzhang, deputy commander of the 53rd army, to be commander of the 5th army. After Li Hanzhang arrived at his post, he did nothing. The two Huangpu division commanders ignored him at all. In the end, the army discipline was lax, and the people's resentment in Henan was boiling, which forced the common people to hold a division headquarters and kill a commander. Li Hanzhang himself was dismissed from his post, and even his army number was dismissed. Li Zhenqing really has foresight.

If the Taihang Mountain campaign in 1943 promoted Li Zhenqing to the decision-making level of the 40th army, the Handan campaign in 1945 promoted Li Zhenqing to the position of commander of the 40th army. In this battle with the Eighth Route Army, both the commander and the deputy commander were captured. Only he, Li Zhenqing, had the highest prestige. If he was not the commander, no one would agree.

The 40th army is still working hard against the PLA in Henan, which has consolidated Li Zhenqing's position. However, miscellaneous cards are miscellaneous cards after all. No matter how hard you work, you can only serve as the cannon fodder of the central army. Apart from the central army which was besieged in Qingdao, only Li Zhenqing's 40th army was left in Anyang and Xinxiang north of the Yangtze River in 1949. Although the Ministry of national defense added two divisions to Li Zhenqing in order to keep the 40th army to the last man, Li Zhenqing understood that to persist is to die.

On the multiple-choice question of uprising, fighting to death and escaping, Li Zhenqing always thought of February 1949 from November 1948. After four months of hard struggle, Li Zhenqing decided to go to Taiwan. After Li Chenxi, deputy commander of the general's Department, was in charge, Li Zhenqing fled on the ground of going to Taiwan to ask for a supplement. The 40th army without Li Zhenqing, led by Li Chenxi, the deputy commander of the PLA, threw itself into the city after three months of persistence.

After fleeing Taiwan, Li Zhenqing was appointed the Penghu defense commander, but he had no actual military power at all. Although he wanted to rebuild the 40th army, he was rejected. Even the 39th division, which was hard to set up, was annexed by sun Liren. Disappointed Li Zhenqing can only hastily end his military life, at home when the apartment.

On April 21, 1976, Li Zhenqing died in Taipei Veterans General Hospital.

Anecdotes and allusions

It was only in 1999 that the number of people involved in Taiwan's Penghu terrorist incident was the largest. At that time, 8000 teachers and students from eight middle schools in Shandong were detained in Penghu due to the control of entering Taiwan. The KMT army had to recruit middle school students to serve in the civil war, which was opposed by the president Zhang min. as a result, the Penghu case involving the largest number of people and more than 100 people were shot.

According to Hong Kong's China News Agency, the truth of the "Penghu case" was disclosed for the first time when the oral memoir of Zhang Minzhi's widow Wang Peiwu was published. In addition to Zhang Minzhi and 106 teachers and students who were shot for the crime of "bandit espionage", thousands of students were tortured after they were exiled. Some unknown number of students were sent to the sea for "anchoring" and shooting, leaving the most painful memory in the history of white terror.

The incident started on June 22, 1949. More than 8000 teachers and students from eight United middle schools boarded the Jihe ferry to Penghu at Huangpu Wharf in Guangzhou. After three days and two nights of stormy waves, they arrived in Penghu on the 25th.

But more than ten days after landing, the military asked the students to "join the army". On July 13, a soldier came to the front of each row of students with a rope in his hand. All students who are higher than the height of the gun must be enlisted in the army. Students began to make a commotion, and angrily scolded: "we don't want to be soldiers, we want to read," and "the military betrays its faith and forgets its righteousness.". At this time, Li Zhenqing, commander of Penghu defense headquarters, yelled angrily at Zhang Minzhi, the headmaster: "I bought all of you one by one with three big heads (silver dollars). What qualifications do you have to bargain with me? 」

"Did you buy it out of your own pocket? At that time, he felt that the most important thing was to save the students from conscription, so he picked out more than 100 young and weak students who did not comply with the military regulations. However, the other students cried out, "headmaster, do you want us? For a moment, the cry was loud.

Li Zhenqing in order to give the students a bad impression, let the soldiers put a row of guns in the air, the students were frightened, the order was in chaos, the soldiers also began to brutally suppress the atrocities. Some of the students were hit in the leg, back of hand, buttock and other parts, some students were shot to the ground, and others were stabbed by bayonets; on the contrary, the wailing of the students made the soldiers excited, the louder the shouting, the greater the laughter. As the sky darkened, 5000 students were divided into groups and forced into the army.

After the incident, 5000 students were enlisted, leaving 2000 girls and young students. Zhang Minzhi was under house arrest. On October 30, Zhang Minzhi and a group of students were taken to the security headquarters of Taiwan Province, 38 Xining South Road, Keelung, Taiwan. Soon after, Zhang Minzhi and 106 teachers and students were shot for "criminal espionage.".

In Penghu, the military used the most ruthless move to "automatically disappear" students who could not confess. According to a student who escaped by chance, the military often chose to carry more than ten students in a boat when the moon was dark and the wind was high. Blindfolded, they sailed to the middle of the sea and pushed them down to drown. No one knows how many students were "anchored" at that time.

The teachers and students who were lucky not to be shot or "anchored" were transferred to the inner lake freshmen team for management and training. After the completion of the green island prison, they were transferred to green island to become the first phase (students) of the green island prison.

Zhang Minzhi died on December 11, 1949, just 50 years ago.

In the past 50 years, the Penghu case has been frequently discussed in the history of white terror, but it has never been formally recorded. In order to keep a record, Wang Peiwu, 95, the widow of Zhang Minzhi, completed the book "the headmaster on the cross" with oral history, which made the truth known for the first time.

Chinese PinYin : Li Zhen Qing