Fang Gan

Sun Jinchuan

Sun Jinchuan (1895-1928), also known as Fang Gan, used to be sun Jingchuan and sun Jisheng. He was born in Shouxian County, Anhui Province on January 22, 1895. He was born in a poor worker's family in Baota root, zhonghuamenwai, Nanjing. When he was young, he was deeply aggrieved by the sufferings of the workers. Later, he came into contact with Marx's thought and became a member of the Communist Party of China. In 1928, he was betrayed by a traitor, arrested and killed. He was only 33 years old.

Life of the characters

Sun Jinchuan, also known as Fang Gan, used to be sun Jingchuan and sun Jisheng. He is from Shouxian County, Anhui Province. At the age of 11, sun Jinchuan worked as a child laborer in Nanjing Jinling manufacturing Bureau (the predecessor of Changan Automobile). After the full division, he came to Shanghai to work in the Greater China Cotton Mill (now the Eighth National Cotton Mill) and Xingfa machine factory. Later, he was expelled from Xingfa machinery factory for fighting for an injured worker. In the spring of 1923, he worked as a fitter in Wusong Machinery Factory of Shanghai railway. In the autumn of 1924, sun Jinchuan met Peng Ganchen, a member of the Communist Party of China, in Shanghai and embarked on the revolutionary road under his influence. In August 1925, sun Jinchuan, introduced by Peng Ganchen, joined the Communist Party of China and was elected a member of the Shanghai Nanjing railway workers' Association. Soon after, the special branch of Wusong machinery factory was established, and sun Jinchuan was elected secretary of the special branch. in order to cooperate with the northern expedition to attack Shanghai, the CPC Central Committee decided to hold an armed uprising of workers in Shanghai. In October 1926, according to the party's requirements, sun Jinchuan led the workers of Wusong machinery factory to cut off the Shanghai Nanjing railway, destroy the logistics supply lines of the northern warlords, create conditions for the first armed uprising of Shanghai workers, and cooperate with the northern expedition. In March 1927, sun Jinchuan led the workers of Wusong machinery factory to hold a general strike, which opened the prelude of the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers. On March 28, sun Jinchuan was elected chairman of the Shanghai Nanjing and Shanghai Hangzhou Ningbo railway trade unions. After the counter revolutionary coup on 12 April, sun Jinchuan traveled back and forth in Wuhan, Jiujiang, Shanghai and other places to receive and resettle exiled comrades from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and other provinces on behalf of the all China Railway Federation of trade unions, secretly reorganizing and restoring railway trade unions and Party organizations in various places. At the end of April and the beginning of May 1927, sun Jinchuan attended the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in Hankou. After the party's August 7th meeting, sun Jinchuan was sent to Nanjing by the party to serve as secretary of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee. In the extremely serious white terror, he immediately began to rectify the party organization, convey the spirit of the August 7th meeting, mobilize and organize the masses, persist in underground struggle, and prepare for armed riots. In June 1928, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Moscow. Sun Jinchuan (not present) was elected a member of the review committee of the CPC Central Committee. One night in June 1928, the Nanjing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to hold a meeting at Yao Zuotang's house, a member of the underground Party of Dagong street. As soon as he got to Yao's house, he was arrested by the spy. In prison, KMT military and police agents tried to force sun Jinchuan to hand over the secrets of the party and the list of underground parties in Nanjing, but they were resolutely refused. Sun Jinchuan, who was beaten black and blue and dying, firmly said to the enemy, "kill if you want. Shoot me one, there are ten; shoot me ten, there are hundreds. You can't kill thousands of revolutionaries! " On October 5, 1928, sun Jinchuan was escorted to the execution ground. There was a table in front of the prison with wine and meat on it. Sun Jinchuan kicked over the table and scolded "who drinks your bloody wine". Before his execution, he chanted "long live the Communist Party!" The martyr's blood sprinkled on the rain flower terrace, his heroic achievements will shine forever.

Overview of characters

Sun Jinchuan (1895-1928), male, also known as Fang Gan, formerly known as sun Jingchuan and sun Jisheng, was born in Shouxian County, Anhui Province on January 22, 1895. He was born in a poor worker's family at Baota Root outside Zhonghuamen gate in Nanjing. At the age of 11, sun Jinchuan worked as a child laborer with his younger brother in Nanjing Jinling manufacturing Bureau (the predecessor of Chang'an Automobile). After his apprenticeship was completed, he went to Shanghai and worked in Greater China yarn factory and Xingfa machine factory. In the spring of 1923, he entered Wusong machinery factory. In 1925, after listening to Peng Ganchen's speech, sun Jinchuan understood many revolutionary principles and was determined to participate in the revolution and follow the Communist Party of China. During the May 30th Movement, he actively participated in the work of the railway trade union and was elected as a member of the Preparatory Committee of the trade union. He also took the initiative to talk to the organization about the situation of the factory and his revolutionary determination, and took part in the preparation of the night school for workers. Under the leadership of the party organization, the night school for workers developed rapidly, from which Sun Jinchuan also received Marxist education, and his class consciousness improved continuously. In August, introduced by Peng Ganchen and Wang Jingdong, he joined the Communist Party of China as secretary of Songhu special branch. At the end of the same year, Wusong machinery factory set up a party branch with sun Jinchuan as its secretary. In the three armed uprisings of Shanghai workers, he showed his outstanding organizational leadership ability. After the first armed uprising, sun Jinchuan led a team to demolish the track outside the flag raising gate of Zhenjiang east railway station, causing a train full of ammunition of sun Chuanfang's army to derail and overturn. In March 1927, the strike of Wusong Machinery Factory under his direct leadership played a vanguard role in the strike of the General Union of the third armed uprising in Shanghai. On March 19, in order to strengthen the leadership of the strike, the party organization decided to change the former Shanghai Nanjing railway strike committee into the Shanghai Nanjing Shanghai Hangzhou two routes strike committee, with sun Jinchuan as its chairman. In the third armed uprising, the railway workers formed a picket brigade with 600 pickets as the backbone, with sun Jinchuan as the leader. After that, sun Jinchuan led the pickets to cooperate with the Rangers to attack the Shanghai defense command. After the victory of the uprising, sun Jinchuan, according to the order of resumption issued by the Shanghai Federation of trade unions, led the workers of the two routes to resume work first, rush to repair the railway, and quickly restore the traffic. On March 28, more than 80 workers' representatives from the two routes held a meeting in Zhabei Federation of trade unions to establish the Shanghai Nanjing Hangzhou Railway Federation of trade unions. Sun Jinchuan was elected chairman. On the afternoon of the April 12 counter revolutionary coup, he led the workers to a meeting to denounce Chiang Kai Shek's crimes. Regardless of his personal safety, he rescued the arrested comrades and secretly restored the railway trade unions in various places. In mid November, the provincial Party committee sent sun Jinchuan to Nanjing as a member of the staff of the municipal Party committee to strengthen the core strength of the Nanjing municipal Party committee. Before the first Congress of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, sun Jinchuan was presumed to be the interim chairman. After the first party congress in Nanjing on December 4, according to the division of labor of the municipal Party committee, sun Jinchuan became a member of the staff committee. In March 1928, sun Jinchuan became the Secretary of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee. According to the provincial Party committee's strategy of "gathering the strength of the proletariat in hardship" and "developing the daily struggle of workers and peasants", sun Jinchuan reorganized the organization, restored the contact between most branches and their superiors, and developed party members in a few branches. He often went deep into factories and rural areas, called on Party members to bravely undertake work tasks, insisted on combining economic struggle with political struggle, and adopted the method of striving for and educating the masses in daily economic struggle, so as to make the once silent mass struggle active again. He attached great importance to the peasant movement and established the first peasant party branch in Nanjing at jiubizhou, Pukou. One night in early July 1928, the municipal Party committee decided to hold a secret meeting in Yao Zuo Tang's family, an underground Party member. Sun Jinchuan was arrested because of the traitor's information. In prison, in the face of the enemy's interrogation and torture, sun Jinchuan has always been unyielding. When sun Jinchuan learned that the party organization and his comrades in arms planned to rescue him, he immediately took a message and resolutely opposed this reckless practice, saying that he would never bring more losses to the revolution for his sake. On the morning of October 6, sun Jinchuan died bravely at the age of 33.

Advanced movement

During the May 30th Movement in the 14th year of the Republic of China, the all China Railway Federation of trade unions and the Shanghai Federation of trade unions sent Peng Ganchen and Wang Jingdong to Wusong machinery factory to prepare for the establishment of the railway trade union. Sun Jinchuan was elected as a member of the Preparatory Committee of the trade union of the factory. In August of the same year, he joined the Communist Party of China. At the end of the year, he served as secretary of the Party branch of Wusong machinery factory, and became an outstanding leader of the Shanghai Nanjing, Shanghai Hangzhou Ningbo railway work movement in the storm of the great revolution. On October 10, the all China Railway Federation of trade unions held a Congress in Shanghai, attended by sun Jinchuan, Cai Jinghai and others. The meeting conveyed the instructions of the party organizations at higher levels calling on the working class to support the Northern Expedition army and overthrow the warlords. On October 16, the CPC Shanghai District Committee decided to hold the first armed uprising of Shanghai workers. In accordance with the district Party committee's instruction of "destroying the Shanghai Nanjing railway and cutting off the traffic for three days", sun Jinchuan organized railway workers to divide into two routes. One route destroyed the track of Zhenjiang Gaozi section of Shanghai Nanjing railway, causing a military train of warlord sun Chuanfang to derail and overturn; the other route destroyed the track of Zhanghuabang section of Songhu railway, causing the tractor of Mao Erwei, the British director of Wusong machinery factory, to overturn near Zhanghuabang The car. Sun Jinchuan led the workers to successfully complete the task of "cutting off traffic for three days" given by the party organization. On February 21, 2016, the Shanghai District Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to hold the second armed uprising of workers. The task of the Party branch of Wusong machinery factory was to find out the enemy situation on the Shanghai Nanjing line and destroy the railway. Sun Jinchuan sent party members to Suzhou on foot for reconnaissance, waiting for an opportunity to take action. Because of the failure of the second armed uprising, he stopped the activity.

Die bravely

On March 21 of the same year, Shanghai workers held the third armed uprising. In the uprising, sun Jinchuan led the railway workers to revolt in Nanjing. He took the lead and his hat was pierced by bullets. He ignored the uprising and continued to fight. In March of the Republic of China, when sun Jinchuan was Secretary of the Nanjing municipal Party committee, he was arrested by KMT agents and killed in Yuhuatai, Nanjing on October 6.

Chinese PinYin : Fang Gan