Su Shunqin

Su Shunqin

Su Shunqin (1008-1048), born in Kaifeng, was born in Tongshan County, Zizhou (now Zhongjiang County, Sichuan Province). In the Northern Song Dynasty, he was a minister and a grandson of Su Yi Jian.

In the first year of Jingyou, he was a Jinshi in the examination and served as the magistrate of Mengshan county. He supported Fan Zhongyan's Qingli reform, but was impeached by Gongchen, the king of Zhongcheng, the censor. He was dismissed from office and lived in Suzhou to build Canglang Pavilion. Qingli eight years (1048), as Huzhou long history, not time to go to office, died of illness, at the age of 41.

He advocated the ancient prose movement and was good at poetry. Together with Mei Yaochen, the "founder" of Song poetry, he was known as "Su Mei". He wrote the collection of poems and essays of Su Xueshi, the collection of Su Shunqin, 16 volumes, the four part series, the edition of Qing Kangxi, and now the collection of Su Shunqin.

Life of the characters

Su Shunqin was born in Bianjing (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) in 1008, the first year of dazhongxiangfu in Northern Song Dynasty.

When Su Shunqin was young, he ignored the popular ridicule and advocated ancient prose with Mu Xiu, which was earlier than the ancient prose movement advocated by Yin Zhu and Ouyang Xiu. At the age of 22, because of his father's official position, he was able to make up for zhailang of Taimiao and the county captain of Xingyang (now Henan), and became a Jinshi in the first year of Jingyou (1034). He has successively served as county magistrate of Mengcheng (now Anhui) and Changyuan (now Henan). Su Shunqin was inclined to the reformers headed by Fan Zhongyan politically. In 1044, Fan Zhongyan, Du Yan and Fu Bi recruited talents to implement the new law. Su Shunqin, the son-in-law of Du Yan, was recommended by Fan Zhongyan as the school manager of Jixian hall, and was in charge of playing Academy. Imperial censor Zhongcheng, Wang Gongchen and others opposed political reform. At that time, Su Shunqin went to the playing hall to worship the gods. According to the custom, he exchanged the waste paper for money to buy wine and banquet. Wang Gongchen falsely accused Su Shunqin of stealing from his supervisor in order to attack fan and Du. Su Shunqin was demoted as a citizen, and more than ten famous people were demoted at the same time. After being abandoned, he left Kaifeng and built Canglang Pavilion in Suzhou, where he lived in seclusion. In 1048, he returned to Huzhou as the governor of Huzhou, and died before he reached his post. He died at the age of 41.

Literary achievements

Su Shunqin was famous for his articles in his youth. He was not bound by the flashy literary style at that time. He devoted himself to the writing of ancient prose and poetry with Mu Xiu, and had a positive influence on many writers at the same time in the innovation of poetry. Ouyang Xiu's preface to Su Xueshi's collection of essays says that "Zi Mei's teeth are less than Yu, but Yu's learning of ancient prose is later", and highly praises his position in the poetry and prose innovation movement. The basic idea of Su Shunqin's literary thought is "from the ancient times, to use" (Shi Manqing's poetry anthology), which emphasizes inheriting the realistic spirit of Confucian literary thought, and literature should reflect the reality. His views on prose writing can be found in Duan Gongshu, deputy envoy of the third division of the Shang Dynasty: "the reason why people are human is that they speak; those who speak also belong to morality and justice; Tao and righteousness are based on things. If it is, it will be immortal. Therefore, I dare not carve every article to harm the right. "This comes down in one continuous line with Han Yu's literary theory. His views on poetry creation are mainly found in Shi Manqing's Poetry Anthology: "poetry works are closely related to life. In ancient times, those who had the world wanted to know the feeling of the wind and religion and the change of the atmosphere and customs, but they set up the officials to collect and monitor it, so as to relax their duties and satisfy their thoughts. "Therefore," there is no reason for malpractice. Later, the official system was abolished, and the poems were not passed on. Those who were in the upper class no longer knew the direction of the people's aspirations. Therefore, the political system was confused and the way of governance was destroyed. "This is consistent with Bai Juyi's poetic spirit. Su Shunqin's literary creation can be divided into two periods. In the early stage, his literary activities were closely related to his political activities. Many of the books on emperors and ministers broke the shackles of parallel writing, sharp writing, fierce discussion, attacking malpractice and demanding reform. Most of them are militant political papers. The prominent feature of poetry is also political and militant. It often expresses its own views on the political events and practical problems at that time. For example, the third poem of Ganxing exposes and criticizes the cruel means of blocking the way of speech by the rulers about the incident that the scholar surnamed Lin was convicted. The defeat of Qingzhou is a battle of humiliating the country, which is a sharp rebuke to the general's cowardice and incompetence and the governor's employment. Five character novels, such as the feeling of winter cold in Jimao, the feeling of Cheng Yongshu in the south of the city, and the great drought in Wuyue, deeply reflect the social phenomenon of natural and man-made disasters, class contradictions and national contradictions, and pour sympathy into the suffering of the broad masses of people. Poems such as sending Li Jizhou, sending Fu Yan Guo, sending Du Mi to Bingzhou and sending an Su to be a scholar Gao Wenyue strongly describe the serious foreign invasion and encourage friends to serve in the battlefield. Wu Wen expresses his dream of defending the frontier. The poem says: "although Yu Sheng is a Confucian, he wants to swallow the Capricorn.". This time is useless, sigh stomach heat. Day lying in books, dream of jade pass que. "This theme of expressing heroic ambition was first found in Su Shunqin's works in Song poetry. In the later period, his vision was limited by his seclusion life, the number of works reflecting major political events and social problems decreased, and the number of works expressing his love for mountains and rivers increased. The prose "Canglang Pavilion" describes the beautiful scenery of Canglang Pavilion and expresses the escapist and unrestrained life interest. The poems such as traveling in the Canglang Pavilion in the early Qing Dynasty, berthing Du tou in the middle and late Huaihe River, and the meaning of summer are fresh and quiet. However, he did not really forget the world, such as the prose "answer to the letter of Korea" and the poetry "demoralization", "waves in Huaizhong", "feeling of sleeping in hot summer" and so on, which exposed the coldness of the world and the darkness of politics, and expressed the grief and indignation of being wronged and hard to repay. Su Shunqin was a generous, heroic poet who actively demanded to change the reality. His poems were also enthusiastic and unrestrained, which were different from Mei Yaochen's poems in their subtle, ancient and profound connotations. Ouyang Xiu commented on his poems as "bold and meaningful in writing" and "chaomai hengjue" (a talk on June 1 Poetry), and the biography of Su Shunqin in the history of Song Dynasty also said that he was "indignant and resentful in Song poetry, and his style was bold and unrestrained, which was often astonishing". For example, "the old pine is as proud as the world, and the flying spring is as thin as avoiding people" (Yunmen temple in Yuezhou); "when the wind is still angry, he is afraid that the Jingwei river will be blown over" (gale), his imagination is strange, and his cynical and discontented feelings are expressed with the help of natural scenery images, which can best reflect the characteristics of his poetic style. But most of his poems lack implication and charm, and the language is often rough and stiff. There are 16 volumes of Su Shun Qin Ji and the four part series in Qing Dynasty. In 1981, the collection of Su Shunqin was published by Shanghai ancient books publishing house.

Main works

Masterpieces

Canglangjingyin, Dawu, bodutou, shuidiaogtou, Huashan temple wall, canglangting in early Qing, Xiayi, Qingzhou defeat, passing Suzhou, meeting with the wind on Huaihe River, canglangting huaiguan, killing zhangziye and jijunmo CAIDA in Wujiang Pavilion on mid autumn night, Chengnan feeling chengyongshu, Songjiang long bridge not clear fishing, summer zayong, shuidiaogtou, natural Taihu Lake shore

Poetry theory

Su Shunqin and Mei Yaochen have the same understanding of the political function of poetry. In preface to Shi Manqing's poetry anthology, he said: "poetry is of great significance to time." The so-called "big things" means that poetry can reflect "the sense of ethos and the change of Customs". If the rulers have the system of "poetry collecting", they can "relax their duties" and achieve "long-term stability". Therefore, he criticizes the literary atmosphere of "taking Caili as the winner", and strongly praises Mu Xiu and others for "letting the ancient way be used", and Shi Manqing's poems can "warn the times and encourage the public". Moreover, as mentioned before, he also put forward the rather extreme opinion that "the birth of literature is harmful to morality". As a matter of fact, Su's personality is bold and unrestrained, and there is no flavor of Taoism. His ideas are closely related to his desire to be active and enterprising in his official career. His poem "dog's * its bones, and its kite pecks its skin." In contrast, he denounced the incompetence and shamelessness of the powerful.

Anecdotes and allusions

Reading and drinking

Su Shunqin was unrestrained and liked to drink. When he was at the home of his father-in-law, Du Qigong read every evening, drank while reading, and often had a fight. His father-in-law was deeply puzzled about this, so he sent someone to secretly observe him. At that time, he was reading the biography of Zhang Liang in the book of Han Dynasty. When he read that Zhang Liang and his assassin assassinated Qin Shihuang, and the big iron vertebrae thrown by Qin Shihuang only fell on the car of Qin Shihuang's entourage, he sighed: "what a pity! It didn't hit So he drank a large glass full of wine. Read Zhang Liang said: "since I uprising in xiapi, I met the emperor in Chenliu. It's God's will that I met your majesty." He sighed again: "it's so hard for the monarch and his officials to meet each other!" Another glass of wine. After hearing this, Duke Du Qi laughed and said, "it's not too much to have such a drink." (the original text is from Yanbei magazine by Lu Youren of Yuan Dynasty)

Su Shunqin's bold, straightforward and lovely scholar demeanor is still springing up in front of us today, let people really know the joy of reading is so, and his story of reading with wine is well known.

Xiucanglang Pavilion

Canglang pavilion was built by Qian Yuanyu, the king of Guangling in the state of Wu and Yue, who was close to sun Chengyou, the governor of the Wu army in Qi Zhong during the Five Dynasties. Su Shunqin, a famous poet of the Song Dynasty, bought the abandoned garden for 40000 yuan and built a pavilion near the water. He felt that "the clear water of the Canglang River can wash my tassels; the muddy water of the Canglang River can wash my feet". He was named "Canglang Pavilion" and named himself Canglang Weng and wrote Canglang Pavilion. Ouyang Xiu was invited to write a long poem "Canglang Pavilion", in which he wrote about it with the title of "clear wind and bright moon are priceless, but they only sell for 40000 yuan". Since then, Canglang pavilion has gained a great reputation.

Tongshan Sansu

Deyang "celebrity Park" Riverside Park is located in Jingyang District, Deyang City, Sichuan Province, along the river landscape park corridor of Emeishan North Road (Riverside Landscape East Bridge to Yellow River Bridge section),

Chinese PinYin : Su Shun Qin