Yu CHENGWAN

Yu CHENGWAN

Yu CHENGWAN (May 24, 1902 - August 27, 1955) was born in Ningxing village, Zhangcun village, Baisha Town, Taishan, Guangdong Province. He was a senior general of the national army and a famous Anti Japanese general.

Yu CHENGWAN graduated from the first phase of Huangpu Military Academy and the Department of politics of National Sun Yat sen University. He was the head of the 49th division in 1934 and the commander of the 57th division of the 74th army in 1940. In the battle of Shanggao, he commanded the 57th division to stick to its position and fight with the 34th division of the Japanese army. He won the title of "Huben" for the 57th division, which is the highest honor of the heroic and invincible army in all dynasties.

From November to December 1943, he participated in the battle of Changde and led more than 8000 officers and men to resist the attack of 30000 Japanese troops. Later, he was sentenced to two years' imprisonment for disobeying military orders due to Changde's failure. After four months' imprisonment, he was acquitted and appointed deputy commander of the 74th army. He was the commander of the 26th army in 1948. On August 27, 1955, he was robbed by bandits in Hong Kong and was shot to death.

Character experience

Yu CHENGWAN, named Jianshi, was born on May 24, 1902 in Chang village, Guangda Township, Dihai District, Taishan County, Guangdong Province, a small village with more than 100 families. In his early years, he graduated from Panyu normal school, Guangdong railway special school, phase I of Huangpu Military Academy, special class of Army University, Department of politics of National Sun Yat sen University and Research Institute of Army University. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, the 25-year-old major general showed his military talent and excellent command ability, which attracted Chiang Kai Shek's attention. In just a few years, it has been upgraded several levels. In 1940, he served as the commander of the 57th division of the 74th army. In the battle of Shanggao, he commanded the 57th division to stick to its position and fought with the 34th division of the Japanese army. He won the title of "Huben" for the 57th division, which is the highest honor of the heroic and invincible army of all ages.

From November to December 1943, he led 8000 guards to resist 30000 elite soldiers of the 116 division of the Japanese army in Changde. After 12 days, there were only 50 or 60 men left under his command. He ran out of ammunition and food and led his troops to break through. The next day, the 32nd regiment with reinforcements counterattacked Changde and recovered on that day. After the war, Chiang Kai Shek heard of Changde's failure and ordered him to be sent to the military justice department for trial for the crime of disobeying military orders. Sun Lianzhong and Wang Yaowu interceded. Yu was sentenced to two years in prison. He was imprisoned for only four months and then released without charge. He was appointed deputy commander of the 74th army. In 1948, he served as commander of the 26th army. During the Yunnan uprising of Lu Han, Yu Cheng went to Hong Kong. On August 27, 1955, Yu Cheng Wan, who was planting vegetables and raising chickens in the new territories of Hong Kong, was robbed by bandits and shot to death.

Political cadres in Huangpu phase I

As the big brother of Huangpu phase I, Yu Cheng Wan is not doing well. This is mainly related to the path he chose after graduating from the military academy. At that time, he chose to do party work, so he was assigned to the Navy Bureau as the director of the political department, and later served as the party representative of Shijing Arsenal. At this time, he was a good official. He was a school level officer, whether he was the director of the political department or a party representative. I don't know what the reason is. Yu Cheng Wan may be tired of sitting at his desk, so he applied for the army. The so-called half way monastic development is also difficult. Yu Cheng Wan's wish to join the army has been achieved, but his position is to be an instructor. This time was three years. Finally, he became the head of the field army in 1934, but he was still a miscellaneous army - the 49th division. At this time, most of his classmates became division and brigade commanders. It was not until 1940 that he became the commander of the 57th division of the 74th army. In the 74th army, his Huangpu qualifications are older than those of two commanders, Yu Jishi and Wang Yaowu. Although they are superior and subordinate, they call Yu an old senior in private. History gave Yu Cheng a chance to become famous in the battle of Changde. Unfortunately, this name is a bit tragic, because Changde failed to keep it, and even was dismissed after the war. If his old classmates hadn't interceded, he would have come to the same end as long Muhan and Xue Weiying. The reason why Yu CHENGWAN's name is known to the public is mainly because of the heroic deeds of 8000 officers and soldiers of his 57th division in Changde City.

Bravery of Changde battle

In 1943, in order to coordinate the Pacific battlefield and prevent the Chinese army from transferring to Yunnan and Burma, Japan formulated a new operational outline, requiring the 11th army to launch the battle of Changde after the battle of Western Hubei. Changde is an important town in Northern Hunan and the gateway of Sichuan and Guizhou. It is known as "the lips and teeth of Western Chu" and "the throat of Guizhou and Sichuan". It has always been a place for military strategists and has a very important strategic position. Changde is also a hub of land and water transportation, which can connect the Yangtze River in the north and Yichang in the East, Guangdong Han railway in the East and Guizhou Sichuan railway in the West. Therefore, at the time of the battle in Western Hubei, the 57th Division set up defenses here, built fortifications and actively prepared for the war. Before the war, Yu Cheng Wan mobilized all the officers and men of the division, issued the battle order of "city survival and survival, city death and death", and vowed to live and die together with Changde. Yu Cheng Wan orderly deployed to defend the city, which was divided into three stages: suburban defense stage, city wall defense stage and city street defense stage.

On November 22, the main force of the 11th Japanese army assembled in the outskirts of Changde and began to launch a general attack on Changde, intending to seize Changde in a short time with overwhelming force. The 116th division, the main force originally arranged to attack the city, tried to avoid the war in the early stage of the battle. At this time, the troops were complete and the whole division was used to attack the city. The 68th division, which landed in Hanshou, was responsible for covering the left wing and resisting reinforcements from the 9th theater when the 116th division attacked the city. The third division and the 13th division intercepted the second line regiment of the Wang Yaowu group in Cili and Taoyuan. The 39th division, the du17 brigade and the 58th regiment were in the rear to resist the attack of the 10th group army and cover the retreat of the 11th army. The Japanese army's first stage strategic attempt has been completed. The two front regiments of the national army are in a decentralized state, and Changde is in danger. At the beginning of the battle, the 188th regiment of the 63rd division of the 100th army, under the order of commander sun, seized the position of Deshan in order to compete with the 57th division. Yokoyama made an all-out attack on Deshan with a single hand. The 188th regiment was in a hurry to fight. After only one day and one night, the position of Deshan was lost, and the 188th regiment did not support it. Deng Guangfeng, head of the regiment, gave up Deshan and moved closer to the 100th Army. The most important thing for Yuande to get to the south of the city is to get in touch with the outside world. After the fall of Deshan, the back road of the 57th division was cut off, and the traffic with the outside world was interrupted at the beginning of the siege.

On November 24, 1943, the 116th division assembled and launched the main attack on Changde City defense. In the early days, the commander of Yamamoto's third male division still used traditional infantry to attack the city, closely supported the front attack of the regiment level mixed infantry with the artillery of the brigade level, and sent the squadrons to the death squadrons of the brigade level to break through. Most of the national troops in the Chengxiang positions fought hand to hand with the Japanese troops. The 116th division destroyed the 57th division's fortifications with powerful artillery, and then the infantry burst in. The commanders of each regiment of the 57th division personally led their troops to charge against the enemy, using hand grenades and fire attacks to stop the enemy in the City Lane, and intercepted and annihilated the invading Japanese infantry death squads in close combat.

On November 25, 1943, the 11th army joined the 116th division, the 6th, 68th and 234Th divisions of the 3rd Division to attack the city. The 116th division took the 133rd regiment as the leader to attack Changde again. All kinds of artillery shells of the national army had been used up and they could only fight with light weapons. The Japanese army still formed a siege and Death Squadron with a large group of infantry artillery, charged fiercely and drilled holes in all directions. He intended to break through the line of defense of the 57th division with absolute superiority. The 169 th regiment was the first to bear the brunt, and Guo Zhangjia, commander of the battalion, was the commander of the regiment. The battle in Zhiwan was more fierce. Chai Yixin, the commander of 169 regiment, encouraged all the officers and men of the regiment: "people are in the city, they are loyal to the country, they fight to the end! "The enemy was unable to attack again and again, and continuously increased more than 7000 troops. Dozens of guns and dozens of planes were deployed to attack Zhiwan in turn. Dozens of airplanes were flying like crows in the sky, bombarding our troops one after another, and the dense shells shook the earth; dozens of tanks were crawling like beetles, and a large number of Japanese troops were following the tanks, approaching our troops as if the evil waves were empty. Chai Yixin directed the soldiers to shoot from the sky with machine guns and rifles. They did not dare to approach our army with enemy planes. They jammed bundles of grenades under the enemy's tanks to break their tracks and make them unable to move. Every step forward, the enemy will pay a heavy price. In front of our army, the enemy's bodies are everywhere. Feng Hongjun, commander of the 170th regiment, stuck to the city wall and died in the close combat. Changde City lost its position, and the garrison retreated into the city to fight with the enemy in the street. Even though the battalions and platoons were smashed, they still faced the counter attack spontaneously in the streets and alleys. They had a stalemate with the Japanese army repeatedly and insisted on not retreating, and expelled the 133rd regiment that invaded the north gate. Yokoyama is brave enough to see that the offensive is sluggish and anxious. Regardless of the difficulties that may cause the siege forces, he summoned the main air force of the third Aviation Division to follow the example of the U.S. military. He indiscriminately dropped incendiary bombs in the city of Changde. The city of Changde is full of fires, and most of the houses are in flames.

On November 28, 1943, the officers and soldiers of the 57th division were completely damaged. Commander Yu CHENGWAN ordered that the artillery, logistics, political work, staff of the division headquarters and all other officers and men in the city be formed, led by Lieutenant Colonel Yue, Deputy High School of the 169th regiment, and put into combat. The Changde police also enlisted in the army and discovered 10000 bullets buried in the Changde police station. This was the last aid of the 57th division.

On December 1, 1943, sun Lianzhong telegraphed commander Yu CHENGWAN that the 10th army had arrived in the southeast of Changde and could contact him as soon as possible. Mr. Yu sent Mr. Chen Siyun to contact him, but he couldn't. At this time, the houses in the city were scorched, and the final position of the 57th division was less than 300 meters wide. The last moment has come

Chinese PinYin : Yu Cheng Wan