Xiong Fosi

Xiong Fosi

Xiong Yuxi, dramatist, June 15, 1965-1900. His original name is Fuxi, his genealogical name is Jinrun, his name is Huanong, his pen name is Xizi, and sometimes his signature is Xiangjun. He is a native of Yushan village, Zhangxiang Town, Fengcheng City, Jiangxi Province. He is one of the pioneers and founders of Chinese drama. In his life, he created 27 multi act plays and 16 one act plays, published seven drama series, and wrote three theoretical monographs, such as "principles of drama writing" and "experiment of drama Popularization". For drama education, he has always advocated "educational democracy" and "academic freedom", and insisted that "drama teaching should not be confined to the classroom, but must be through stage practice". He advocated that the employment of teachers must be "with real talent and learning, regardless of where they come from and what their ideological tendencies".

Life of the characters

In 1921, Shen Yanbing, Ouyang Yuqian and other 13 people organized the popular drama club and jointly organized the drama monthly. It is declared that the era of "watching drama is entertainment" has passed, and drama in modern life "is a wheel to promote the progress of society and an X-ray mirror to search for the root of social diseases".

In 1924, he went to Harvard University to study drama and literature and got a master's degree.

In 1926, he returned to China and successively served as director of Drama Department of Beijing National Academy of Arts, Professor of Yanjing University and director of Drama Department of Art College of Peking University.

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, the whole country was furious. Students went out of the campus one after another, went to the front line and publicized the Anti Japanese and national salvation among the public. At this time, Xiong Foxi also felt that he could not run a school behind closed doors. Drama was far away from the public and confined to intellectuals and urban civilians. Therefore, at the invitation of Yan Yangchu's Civilian Education Association, he led some teachers and students to the countryside of Dingxian County, Hebei Province in January 1932 to carry out the experiment of drama massification, set up drama classes in the countryside, set up rural drama troupes, and trained rural actors.

Around 1932, he presided over the rural drama experiment of the Chinese Association for the promotion of civilian education in Ding County, Hebei Province, held drama classes, and established more than a dozen peasant troupes.

After the July 7th incident in 1937, North China was occupied and the experimental base was destroyed. He had to leave Dingxian County and go into exile in Southwest China. Led the teachers, students and staff to set up the Anti Japanese War troupe in Changsha, toured and publicized the Anti Japanese war.

At the beginning of March 1939, he founded Sichuan Provincial drama education experimental school in Chengdu as the president. In November of the same year, in order to avoid the bombing of Japanese aggressor planes, the school evacuated from Chengping street in Chengdu to Jixiang temple in Xinmin Township, Pixian County, northwest of Chengdu, and continued to run the school. At the same time, the music department was added, and the school name was changed to "Sichuan Provincial drama music experimental school". In 1941, the Sichuan Provincial Senate passed a resolution to dissolve the "provincial drama school". After the dissolution of the provincial drama school, Xiong Foshi was in exile in the war, but he still did not forget drama education.

In 1944, the famous first southwest drama exhibition was organized in Guilin with Tian Han and Ouyang Yuqian. It lasted for 90 days, and 22 progressive drama groups participated. It played an important role in promoting the progressive drama movement.

As soon as he won the Anti Japanese War, he came to Shanghai and, at Gu Zhongyi's invitation, became a professor at Shanghai drama school. He devoted himself to the post-war reconstruction of drama education with the same enthusiasm. Unexpectedly, less than a year later, the City Council "abolished" and "drama schools" in the name of "saving money". Shanghai beach did not disappear because of the victory of the Anti Japanese war. Under the shadow of dark clouds, Xiong Foxi bravely published articles in newspapers and periodicals to refute all kinds of fallacies of "Abolishing drama schools". He jointly published an open letter with well-known figures in the cultural circles to oppose "Abolishing drama schools" and firmly support the struggle of students' school nursing. The school has survived. Gu Zhongyi, the principal, has been forced to leave. Tian Han, Hong Shen and others have made great efforts to appoint Xiong Fuxi as the principal. He once again provoked this heavy burden in the storm. However, he is faced with autocratic rule, social darkness, withholding funds, not to the school site, wanted students things follow. "Teachers and workers are sold out of the air and can't get enough." (Note: the last love is always unforgettable in my heart -- the former alumni of Sichuan Opera School in Chengdu gathered to remember president Xiong Foxi, drama art, No.2, 1982) Xiong Foxi was as poor as everyone else. He worked hard with his teachers and students, and earned a few Wen by holding a public performance every week. He bought some yams and boiled porridge to make a living. This dilemma lasted until the liberation of Shanghai.

After the liberation of Shanghai, Xiong Foxi wrote down the eight words "learn from the beginning, start from the beginning" with great enthusiasm, and set up new drama education with new ideas and new measures. Under the new historical conditions, he tried his best to establish and improve the system of drama education and the teaching staff. He made a comprehensive transformation and construction from the aspects of specialty setting, curriculum system, teaching system, theater and library, and made his unique contribution to the new socialist education.

In 1946, he was the principal of Shanghai experimental drama school, devoted to drama education. After liberation, he successively served as president of Shanghai Academy of drama, President of East China branch of Central Academy of drama, President of Shanghai Academy of drama, member of the Standing Committee of China Federation of literary and art circles, executive director of Chinese drama, chairman of Shanghai Drama Association and chairman of Shanghai Film Association. At the same time, he is deputy to the first, second and third sessions of the National People's Congress, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, member of the Shanghai Municipal People's Committee, representative of the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress and member of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference.

On October 26, 1965, Xiong Foshi died of illness. On December 2, 1985, the bronze statue of Xiong Fosi was unveiled on the campus of Shanghai Drama Academy.

Creative achievements

Xiong Foshi is one of the pioneers and founders of Chinese drama. He has created 27 multi act dramas and 16 one act dramas in his life, and published 7 drama series. He has written novels Tiemiao and Tiehua, drama plays anthology fossi drama Anthology (4 volumes), drama anthology fossi Anti Japanese war drama anthology saijinhua, spring of Shanghai beach, monographs principles of drama writing, transition and performance, fossi on drama, experiment of drama popularization, and prose anthology The impression of Shanshui people, etc. For drama education, he has always advocated "educational democracy" and "academic freedom", and insisted that "drama teaching should not be confined to the classroom, but must be through stage practice". He advocated that the employment of teachers must be "with real talent and learning, regardless of where they come from and what their ideological tendencies".

[Xiong Fosi's drama anthology comes out]

Xiong Fosi's drama anthology, a collection of works by Xiong Fosi, a pioneer of Chinese drama movement, outstanding drama educator, playwright and director, was recently published by Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House.

Mr. Xiong Foshi was born in 1900. In the 1920s, he returned from Columbia University and became the director and professor of the drama department of Peking National College of Arts. In the 1930s, he led his teachers and students to Ding County, Hebei Province, to engage in the research and experiment of farmers' drama, which started the first step of Chinese farmers' drama movement. After the beginning of the Anti Japanese War, he organized the "Anti Japanese War Troupe", and then founded the Sichuan Provincial drama experimental school. In the late 1940s, he served as the president of Shanghai Municipal experimental drama school, the predecessor of Shanghai drama academy, until he died in 1965.

Xiong Foshi's drama anthology selects the main works of Xiong Foshi's life, including 15 dramas such as news reporter, forced to mount Liangshan, nearly 100 drama monographs and papers such as Foshi's theory of drama and principles of writing drama, and memoirs with drama and art as the main content, from which we can feel the pulse of China's drama movement for more than half a century, which was created by the predecessors of drama The hardships of the industry and the essence of Mr. Xiong Foxi's dramatic thinking.

[dedication and loyalty to drama education]

Xiong Faxi loved drama when he was a child. After graduating from University, his father asked him to do business with him. However, he went to Columbia University Research Institute to learn from the world drama master, friar Ma, and specialized in drama. He became a diligent student of friar ma. At this time, he is not a spontaneous interest in drama, but a conscious pursuit of career. He made a great wish to devote himself to the rejuvenation of China after returning home. Three years later, he returned to the motherland with his master's degree, and employers scrambled to hire him. He resolutely accepted the invitation of the National Art School of Beiping, became the director and professor of the Department of drama, and began his career of drama education.

Huixi Opera Department

Xiong Foxi entered the drama department of "Art College", waiting for him is not flowers and applause, but many difficulties and challenges. At that time, the outside was devastated by the dark social forces, the government owed wages, the inside was ideological confusion, the teachers left and the students were confused. With his tenacious perseverance, he broke through all the barriers and worked hard for a year. The Department of drama has changed greatly and his work has improved greatly. However, it attracted the hostile eyes of the warlord government, saying that "the drama department is all Communist Party" and forcing its dissolution. On the eve of the great revolution, Xiong Fosi was in a state of hesitation and depression because of the massacre before the fall of the Northern Warlords. However, he was not frightened. Instead, he wrote and directed a four act drama cricket angrily, criticizing the warlords for fighting and killing each other. The drama angered Zhang zuolin, the tyrant, who was arrested and jailed for three days. When the Fengxi warlord was driven out of Beijing, Xiong Fuxi did not care about his personal gains and losses. Regardless of his personal safety, he ran around for the restoration of the drama department and finally got approval. He immediately recalled the scattered teachers and students and put himself back into the construction of the drama department.

Life spirit

In life, people will be restricted by a specific cultural pattern. When things come, they are used to walking according to the routine. If we want to break through this pattern, we must have an open cultural psychology and make a fundamental change in values, life and work style. In 1922, Xiong Foxi entered the "Art College" to support the "National Opera movement" and advocated that the drama department should become a drama class; he supported the new drama and advocated that the drama department should become a new university. Where should the drama department go

Chinese PinYin : Xiong Fo Xi