Yang Chongyuan

Yang Chongyuan

Yang Chongyuan, formerly known as Yang Jingxi and named Hongyi, was born on September 19, 1894 in madigou village, Shilipu, Suide County, Shaanxi Province. His father was a long-term worker. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1926. He was one of the main leaders of the northwest Red Army.

Life of the characters

Yang Chongyuan (1894-1933), formerly known as Yang Jingxi, was named Hongyi. He is from Suide, Shaanxi Province. He lost his mother at the age of three. At the age of eight or nine, he studied two seasons of winter school intermittently in his village private school. Later, he became angry and taught himself to write well. When he lost his father at the age of 13, he was forced to go out to work as a temporary worker, a long-term worker and a shop assistant. In 1925, when he worked as a shop assistant in Suide County, he took part in the civilian night school attached to the fourth Normal School of Shaanxi Province founded by the special branch of the Communist Youth League in Northern Shaanxi. With the help of dictionaries, he studied hard all night and made great progress in his thoughts. In the winter of that year, with the help of Li Zizhou, a member of the Communist Party, through social relations, he entered the Shiqian Regiment (soon expanded to brigade) of jingyuexiu department, a warlord in Northern Shaanxi, and successively served as company secretary and secretary. In 1926, he joined the Communist Party of China and was promoted to company commander. He successively stationed in Yanchuan, Qingjian, Yichuan and other places. He actively carried out political training for soldiers, helped farmers to set up agricultural associations, and carried out revolutionary struggle. In October 1927, he led the army to take part in the Qingjian uprising. After failure, he is not discouraged. He often says to his friends, "failure is the mother of success. Our cause is sure to win. " In 1928, under the instruction of the Communist Party of China, Yang Feng went to Zunhua County, Hebei Province, through social relations, and joined Gao Guizi Department of the 47th army of the National Revolutionary Army to do military transportation work. He served as secretary of the CPC Military Commission, first as deputy commander of the Division headquarters, and then as Quartermaster of the military headquarters. In the high ministry, he secretly developed dozens of Communist Party members and established Communist Party branches or groups in some battalion companies. When the troops were stationed in Shandong, Yang also made contact with the local Communist Party organizations to support the revolutionary struggle of the peasants. In the autumn of 1930, Gao Guizi took part in the Central Plains war of Chiang Kai Shek, Yan Xishan and Feng Yuxiang, and retreated to Shanxi after defeat. The Department was organized as the first division of Zhengtai road protection army. Yang was still in the high department, and soon got in touch with the Shanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. According to the instructions of the Shanxi provincial Party committee, he reorganized the CPC Organization of Gao Guizi's Department, strengthened the education of the situation and tasks, and paid attention to the development of CPC Members among soldiers and junior officers. In the early spring of 1931, the Shanxi special committee of the Communist Party of China decided to establish revolutionary armed forces in the Luliang Mountain area. Yang Chongyuan was appointed to participate in the preparation together with Wu Daifeng, tuokekuan, Huang Ziwen, Yan Hongyan and Bai Xilin. He served as director of Fenyang Liaison Station of Shanxi provincial Party committee and Secretary of the temporary branch of the CPC. In April of the same year, the first brigade of the Western Shanxi guerrillas of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army was officially established in Loudi Village (now Xiquan Village), Xiaoyi county. Yang served as the representative of the Military Commission of the Shanxi special committee of the CPC and Secretary of the guerrillas branch of the CPC. They carried out guerrilla warfare in Western Shanxi, successively annihilated hundreds of enemies in Zhongyang, Xiaoyi and Fenyang, and rapidly expanded their guerrilla forces to more than 100. The activities of the guerrillas shocked the reactionary rule of Shanxi, and Xu Yongchang, chairman of Shanxi Province, sent troops to encircle it. In order to preserve the revolutionary forces, Liu tianzhang, director of the Organization Department of the Shanxi special committee of the Communist Party of China (formerly Secretary of the Shanxi provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China; in December 1930, the Shanxi provincial Party committee was changed into a special committee, Liu Xian served as secretary of the special committee, and in March 1931, he served as member of the Standing Committee and director of the Organization Department of the special committee) ordered the guerrillas to move to northern Shaanxi to carry out guerrilla war, and Liu tianzhang and Zhao Boping, Secretary of the Shaanxi special committee of the Communist Party of China, agreed to go there in early September Around the Yellow River, it was received by the special commission of Northern Shaanxi. After crossing the river, according to the decision of the special committee of the Communist Party of China in Northern Shaanxi, the guerrillas in Western Shanxi were reorganized into the guerrilla detachment in Northern Shaanxi, and Yang served as the political commissar of the detachment. The guerrilla detachment moved southward to anding county with the strong support of Ma Wenrui, Secretary of the county Party committee, and mobilized more than 30 local youths to join in, thus enriching the strength of the guerrilla detachment. They carried out guerrilla warfare in Anding, Ansai, Baoan, Jingbian and other places by adopting the strategy of "dividing forces to mobilize the masses and concentrating on dealing with the enemy". They attacked the arrogance of the reactionary forces in various places and made the guerrilla detachment develop and grow. At the same time, he also won over and transformed several hundred civilian armed forces of Yang Qi, and mobilized the peasants to fight against the landlords and distribute grain, which was welcomed by the people of Northern Shaanxi. In accordance with the instructions of the special committee of the Communist Party of China in Northern Shaanxi, the guerrilla detachment and the Baoyun armed forces moved southward and arrived in Nanliang area on the border of Shaanxi and Gansu in late October of the same year to join the local armed forces who contacted Liu Zhidan. At the beginning of 1932, Yang Chongyuan, Xie Zichang, Wu Daifeng and Yan Hongyan ruled out resistance and reorganized the Western Shanxi guerrillas into the northwest anti imperialist Alliance Army according to the instructions of the Shaanxi Gansu provincial Party committee. Xie Zichang served as the commander in chief, Yan Hongyan and Wu Daifeng served as the deputy commander in chief and the leaders of the first and second brigade respectively, and Yang served as the chief of staff and member of the CPC Committee. In early January 1932, two enemy companies were annihilated in Heshui, Gansu Province. On February 12, on the order of the Shaanxi Gansu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the northwest anti imperialist Alliance Army was reorganized into the Shaanxi Gansu guerrilla corps of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army in sanjiayuan, Zhengning county. Yang continued to serve as chief of staff and member of the CPC team Committee. He actively assisted commander in chief Xie Zichang in commanding the guerrillas to annihilate the militia in Zhaojin Town, Yijun Yaoqu town (now Yao county) and Xunyi County of Yaoxian County, killing and injuring hundreds of enemies and attacking Shanhe town of Zhengning County twice. In late April, Xunyi county was defeated and the reactionary county magistrate was executed. In May, Liu Zhidan returned to the army with Du Heng, Secretary of the Shaanxi Gansu provincial Party committee (who later defected). In order to exclude Xie Zichang, Du Heng divided the Shaanxi Gansu guerrilla corps into three and five teams, removed the post of general headquarters and commander in chief, and forced Xie Zichang to leave the army. After Xie Zichang left the army, Du Heng immediately restored the general headquarters of Shaanxi Gansu guerrilla corps, and appointed Liu Zhidan as the commander in chief, while Yang was still the chief of staff. Yang was a senior officer of the National Revolutionary Army during the northern expedition, one of the main founders of the guerrillas in western Shanxi, the main organizer of the Yongan uprising, and had rich experience in military struggle. During this period, he assisted Liu Zhidan in commanding the guerrillas to advance hundreds of miles in half a month. After nine battles, he won eight times, annihilated more than 1400 enemy troops, seized more than 1200 long and short guns, and smashed the enemy's "suppression" campaign against the Shaanxi Gansu guerrillas. One day, the headquarters received information that a battalion of the enemy's 86 division was going from Yichuan to Yingwang town to set up its defense. Yang personally verified the intelligence and found out the terrain of Yingwang town. He immediately worked out a combat plan and reported it to the team Committee. After the approval, he first sent more than 30 people to form a commando team, led by him to occupy the commanding height of Dongshan in Yingwang Town, and Liu Zhidan led the main force to advance from Niuwu town to Yingwang town. At dawn the next day, under the command of Yang, the commandos attracted the enemy with powerful firepower, and the main forces took the opportunity to attack the enemy's station. By virtue of temples, houses and other buildings, the enemy fought fiercely until noon. Yang made a decisive decision, organized forces to attack the enemy's barracks, and lost no time to lead the soldiers to shout to the enemy: "the Red Army guerrillas will not fight the soldiers! Welcome the soldiers to come and be the Red Army!" after the political offensive, the enemy officers and soldiers surrendered one after another, and the guerrillas won the victory of annihilating one battalion of the enemy. In late December of the same year, the Shaanxi Gansu guerrilla Corps was reorganized into the second regiment of the 26th army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army. Controlled by the "left" wrong executor and selfish Du Heng, Du Heng was appointed as the political commissar of the army and regiment, Wang Shitai, the monitor who had just joined the army for half a year, Liu Zhidan as the political director of the regiment, and Yang as the chief of the staff of the regiment. Focusing on the interests of the party, Yang actively assisted Wang Shitai, head of the regiment, in commanding the battle. He won several battles in a row, rapidly expanded the red area, increased the main force to more than 300 people, and helped the local government establish five guerrilla units, initially forming a revolutionary base centered on Zhaojin in Yaoxian county. In the middle of May 1933, when the second Red Army regiment moved to yangpotou, Xunyi County, it met the first detachment of the Northern Shaanxi guerrillas. Liu Zhidan asked yang to serve as political commissar of the first guerrilla detachment in Northern Shaanxi. On the way back to northern Shaanxi, Yang led a detachment to encounter the enemy militia at Dongjia temple at the junction of Ansai and anding on May 28. He was calm and resolute. Together with the detachment leader Qiang Shiqing, he commanded the troops to fight tenaciously. He defeated the enemy's attacks many times and handed in more than 20 guns. On May 29, he was attacked by two enemy companies in tanjialing, Anding county. Unfortunately, Yang was shot in the leg. His comrades carried him to yanggou village. At this time, the enemy came from both sides. Yang firmly ordered: "don't worry about me. If you withdraw one, you can save a revolutionary force." The comrades could not bear to leave their political commissar behind and insisted on withdrawing with him. He said solemnly, "don't let me implicate comrades and cause more losses to the revolution. You should withdraw as soon as possible and I will cover it." Taking the broken wall as a cover, he calmly blocked the enemy and covered everyone's safe retreat. At this time, the enemy rushed to him shouting "catch alive". Yang Ning was not a prisoner when he died. He aimed the last bullet at himself and made a heroic sacrifice. The guerrillas in Western Shanxi are the first Red Army in Northwest China and the foundation of the Red Army in Northwest China. Yang Chongyuan's contribution to this is extremely important. However, for a long time after the founding of the people's Republic of China, Yang Chongyuan was not treated as a revolutionary martyr, and his family did not even know that their relatives were such important Communists. It was not until 1985 that Wu Daifeng published an article in memory of Yang Chongyuan, an old comrade in arms, entitled "red heart, blue blood, great spirit, strong for thousands of years". After reading this article, Yang Chongyuan's son, who worked in the factory, could not help crying! Wu Daifeng was shocked when he learned about the situation. Although he was powerless, through his unremitting efforts, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee finally recognized Yang Chongyuan as a revolutionary martyr.

Characters and deeds

In the summer of 1927, after the failure of the great revolution, Northern Shaanxi was in white terror. Under the instruction of the party, Yang Chongyuan continued to work in Shi Qian's army. on the evening of October 12 of the same year

Chinese PinYin : Yang Zhong Yuan