Cao Shao

Cao Shao

Cao Mao (November 15, 241 - June 2, 260) was born in Qiaoxian County, peiguo county (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province). He was the grandson of Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei Dynasty, the son of Cao Lin, king of Donghai, and the fourth emperor of Cao Wei Dynasty (November 1, 254 - June 2, 260).

In 241, he was born in Donghai palace. He was intelligent and eager to learn. In 244, he was granted the title of noble Xiang Gong. In 254, Sima Shi, a general, abolished Cao Fang, king of Qi, and established himself as emperor. His age was Zhengyuan. Cao Shao was a man of talent and military strategy. He worshipped Shaokang and was dissatisfied with Sima's dictatorship. In 260, he personally attacked Sima Zhao, He was killed by Chengji, the prince. He was only 19 years old and was buried in the northwest of Luoyang.

Cao Mao was good at poetry and prose, and created nine character poetry. The articles handed down from generation to generation include the combined preface of Fu to hurt the soul and Yan Zi Lun. He loved Confucianism and went to Taixue to discuss Taoism. He wrote Zuo's biography in spring and autumn (lost). He is proficient in painting. He is the first emperor to become a painter in China, and Cao Mao in Zhang Yanyuan's notes on famous paintings of all ages is the middle class.

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Life of the characters

Talent, wisdom and success

Cao Mao was born in 241. Zhengshi five years (244 years), was granted Tan county noble Xiang Gong. In December of the second year of Jiaping, his father Cao Lin died. In the third year of Jiaping (251), after Sima Yi suppressed Wang Ling, he placed all the princes of Cao Wei's clan in Yecheng for surveillance. It is said that Cao Mao was also moved to Yecheng. Cao Mao was eager to learn from childhood. He had the style of his grandfather Cao Pi.

Join the bulk

In the first year of Zhengyuan Dynasty (254), Sima Shi abolished Cao Fang, the Wei emperor, and intended to establish Cao Cao's son, King Cao of Pengcheng, as emperor. At that time, Cao Mao was the eldest son of Cao Pi, the Wei emperor, and Cao Lin, the East China Sea king. Empress Dowager Guo insisted that Cao Shao, the noble country Lord, be the emperor of the great Wei Dynasty for the reason of worrying about the death of Cao Rui, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty. On October 4 of the same year, he arrived at the Xuanwu hall in Mangshan, the northern suburb of Luoyang, Kyoto. The ministers asked him to live in the front hall. Cao Mao replied that the front hall was the former Emperor's bedroom. He did not dare to overstep the etiquette, so he stayed in the West Chamber temporarily. The officials also asked him to welcome him to Beijing with the gift of the son of heaven, but they still didn't agree.

On the 5th, Cao Mao officially entered Luoyang, Kyoto. All the civil and military officials went to xiyemen to greet him. Seeing this, Cao Mao also got off the car to pay homage to all the officials. The ceremonial officer said: "according to the etiquette, you are the son of heaven. You don't have to pay homage to your subordinates." "Cao Shaozi is also someone else's minister at the moment," he replied So he paid homage to the officials. To stop the door, Cao Mao and Qun Chen also want to get off and walk. Both sides dissuade: "as usual, you can always go in by car." He said, "I was called up by the Empress Dowager. It's not clear what to arrange for me to do." Or get off and walk to Taiji east hall just like other officials. The Empress Dowager met him there. On the same day, he officially ascended the throne in the front hall of Taiji, and all the officials who participated in the ceremony were very happy.

Cao Mao issued an imperial edict, saying: "the three former emperors of this dynasty were wise and sages, who were appointed by heaven. However, Cao Fang, the king of Qi, acted recklessly after succeeding to the throne and did not follow the rules of etiquette, so that he lost his virtue as a king. Empress Dowager Guo attached great importance to the country, accepted the suggestions of the assistant government officials, and called me to Kyoto to replace the king of Qi who was immoral in the world. When I was young, I was on top of many princes and courtiers, which really made me feel uneasy. I was afraid that I would not be able to follow the Jiangshan Hongye founded by my ancestors and accomplish the important task of rejuvenating the Wei Dynasty and unifying the world. Every time I thought about this, I felt like I was facing the abyss. Fortunately, the princes of the imperial court have given me the support of the armed forces, and the generals who guard the four sides have given me strong support. Relying on these virtuous ministers of my ancestors and fathers, I can achieve the goal of long-term stability and peace in the world. According to the sages, as the head of a country, people should be as virtuous as heaven and earth, and their blessings spread all over the world. They should first show solicitude and kindness to the hundreds of millions of people in the world, and then set a good example for the people from the emperor's officials, so that they can know how to abide by the etiquette and law and do great justice. Although I don't have much benevolence, I can't deeply understand this truth. I just want to work together with the sages in the world in this direction. The book of history says that the people will be deeply grateful and unforgettable for the king's kindness to them. " Then, he granted amnesty to the whole world, changed the name of Cao Fangjia to Zhengyuan, and ordered to reduce the emperor's chariot and horse clothing and the expenses of the Imperial Palace, and to strike out the useless things in the court and the government.

Young master in power

On October 7, the first year of the Zhengyuan Dynasty (254), Cao Mao sent a group of officials around him to visit all parts of the country. On behalf of the emperor, he understood the local people's feelings, expressed sympathy to local officials and people, and investigated whether there were unjust cases and dereliction of duty. On the 8th, Sima division of the general army was granted the power to command the army of the whole country and all the troops inside and outside the capital. It was also allowed that the general army didn't have to walk quickly to show respect for the emperor when they worshiped. When they played to the king, they only called their official positions, not their names, but also wore shoes and swords to the palace. On the 13th, yellow dragon appeared in a well in Yecheng. On the 19th, Cao Mao ordered officials to assess the contributions of the officials who gave advice in the process of abolishing the emperor, and to give rewards to varying degrees according to their contributions.

On the 12th day of the first month of the second year of Zhengyuan (255), general Wu Qiujian of Zhendong and governor Wen Qin of Yangzhou set up an army to denounce Sima. On the 25th day, general Sima Shi supervised the division to denounce Huainan. After several fierce battles, Wu Qiujian died, and Wen Qin fled to Sun Wu. However, Sima Shi was startled by Wen Yang, Wen Qin's son, and his eyes fell off during the war. Soon after the "rebellion" subsided, Sima Shi was dying in Xuchang. He thought that his life was hard to protect, so he sent someone to call Sima Zhao from Luoyang and said to him, "I don't think I can do it. You take charge of my general seal." Before he finished speaking, Sima Shiwu died. When the news reached the palace, Cao Mao was overjoyed. He realized that this was a good opportunity to seize power, so he ordered Sima Zhao to stay in Xuchang and asked Fu Gu to "return the six armies to the capital" while planning a palace coup. Unexpectedly, Sima Zhao saw through Cao Mao's plan, and he led the army back to Luoyang. In this way, Cao's plan fell through. In order to avoid causing more serious trouble, he had to accept the established facts and made Sima Zhao a general on the fifth day of February. Since then, Sima Zhao has been in power alone. A precious chance to turn over was missed by Cao Mao.

On February 12, the second year of Zhengyuan (255), Sun Jun, a general of the eastern Wu Dynasty, led the army to call it shiwankai until Shouchun. Zhendong general Zhuge birthday led the troops to attack, killed general Wuzuo Liuzan, and sent the victory report to Kyoto. In March, the queen Bian was granted an amnesty. On April 3, Bian long, the father of the Queen's family, was made marquis. On the 23rd, Wang Chang, a general of the southern expedition, was appointed as a general of Hussars. In July, Hu Zun, a general of Zhengdong, was appointed general Wei, and Zhuge, a general of Zhendong, was appointed general Zhengdong. On August 2, Jiang Wei, a great general of Western Shu, led his division to invade Didao. Wang Jing, the governor of Yongzhou, led his troops to fight in Taoxi. He was defeated and had to retreat to Didao city. On the 23rd, the imperial court appointed Deng AI, commander of Changshui school, to act as general Anxi and join forces with Chen Tai, general Zhengxi, to fight against Shu. On September 19, Sima Fu, a senior lieutenant, was sent to lead the elite troops to reinforce the troops.

On September 21, the second year of Zhengyuan (255), Cao Mao finished his study of Shangshu and rewarded Sikong Zhengchong, Shizhong zhengxiaotong and others. On the 25th, Jiang Wei led his troops back to Shu. In October, Cao Mao issued an imperial edict, saying, "because I was young and lack of benevolence, I was unable to stop the tyranny of the enemy, which led to the invasion of the Sichuan bandits and the defeat of Taoxi. Thousands of soldiers were killed in this battle, or they threw their bodies in the battlefield, and their spirits were hard to return, or they were defeated and captured, and they were exiled in foreign lands. With this in mind, I am deeply saddened and mourn for those who died in battle. Now, the Diannong, the second pacifier and the officials of various ministries in the counties where the families of the dead soldiers were located are specially ordered to come to their homes to express their sympathy, give them pensions and exempt their families from one year's taxes and servitude. Those who have killed the enemy's heroic victims in battle shall be rewarded according to the precedent and shall not be omitted. " On November 27, in view of the successive years of war disasters in the four counties of Longyou and Jincheng, many people defected to Shu, and their families and relatives who stayed in the local area were afraid and uneasy. The court announced that they were all pardoned and not guilty. On December 16, Cao Mao issued an edict again, saying: "a few months ago, during the Taoxi war, some of our soldiers died bravely in the battlefield, some of them were unwilling to be captured and jumped into the Taoshui River to drown, and their bones were left in the wilderness. I often feel sorry for it. This is to inform the two generals of Zhengxi and Anxi that their subordinates should go to the old battlefield and nearby rivers to clean up and search for the bodies of our officers and soldiers, and bury them one by one to comfort the dead and the living. "

Respect Shaokang

Cao Shaochang, together with Sima Wang, Wang Shen, Pei Xiu, Zhong Hui and other ministers, gave lectures at Taiji East Hall and wrote essays. He also called Pei Xiu "the father-in-law of the scholars" and Wang Shen "Mr. Wen's native place". Sima Wang and Zhong Hui had their own names. Cao Mao was impatient and asked people to come, hoping to arrive soon. Because Sima Wang was working outside the palace, he specially gave him a chasing car and five warriors. Whenever there was a rally, he would gallop to the palace.

In February of the first year of Ganlu (256), Cao Mao held a banquet at Taiji East Hall. He discussed with the Confucian scholars about Xia Shaokang and Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, and finally concluded that Shaokang was the best. At the beginning, Cao Mao, together with his servant Xun Yi, Shang Shu Cui Zan, Yuan Liang, Zhong Yu, and Shi Zhong Shu Ling Yu Song, talked about the ceremony, and then talked about the difference between the advantages and disadvantages of emperors. Cao Mao admired Si Shaokang, so he asked xunxi and others, "Xia has declined, Xiang has been killed, Shaokang gathered Xia's old and young, recovered Yu's achievements; Gaozu excelled others in the field, driven the heroes to destroy Qin and Xiang, Bao juyunei; these two monarchs can be said to be the world's great sages with special talents. Examine their work

Chinese PinYin : Cao Mao