Liu Guiwu

Liu Guiwu

Liu Guiwu (1902.7.4-1938.4.22) was a national hero of Anti Japanese war. Xinshan, born in Chaoyang County, Rehe province (now Chaoyang, Liaoning Province), is the division commander of the 6th Division of the 2nd army of the national revolutionary army. He was summoned by Zhang Xueliang and appointed to take part in the "Xi'an Incident" to capture Jiang. In 1938, Liu Guiwu followed Ma Zhanshan in a bloody battle with the Japanese army in hongyouganzi village, Guyang County, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia. On April 22, Liu Guiwu was killed and his head was cut off by the Japanese army. After Liu Guiwu died in battle, all walks of life in Shaanxi held a memorial meeting in Xi'an.

In 1961, the people's Government of Shaanxi Province recognized Liu Guiwu as a revolutionary martyr.

In September 2014, with the approval of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, Liu Guiwu was listed in the list of 300 famous Anti Japanese heroes and hero groups published by the Ministry of civil affairs.

brief account of the author's life

Liu Guiwu is named Xinshan. He was born on July 4, 1902 in a poor peasant family in Bajiazi village, Liujiazi Town, Chaoyang County. In 1924, he joined the song Zheyuan army as a student soldier, and later joined the Bai Fengxiang army in Rehe as platoon leader, major company commander, and Colonel. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, the Northeast Army was ordered to withdraw into the pass and garrison in Hebei, Shaanxi and Gansu. In 1934, Liu Guiwu was elected to the third phase of Lushan officer training regiment for training.

Xi'an Incident

In 1935, Chiang Kai Shek set up the "Northwest bandit suppression headquarters" and transferred the Northeast Army to fight against the Communist army in the northwest. Liu Guiwu was strongly dissatisfied with Chiang Kai Shek's non resistance and asked Zhang Xueliang to lead 500 soldiers back to Rehe to resist Japan. In the winter of 1935, the Northeast Army reorganized and established the cavalry army, with the commander he Zhuguo and the deputy commander Huang Xiansheng. Huang Xiansheng was the first patriotic general in the Northeast Army who supported the Anti Japanese idea and was close to the Communist Party of China. There were a group of underground CPC members around him, and Liu LANBO was one of the responsible persons. Liu's public identity is Huang Xiansheng's secretary, and Wang zaitan, an underground member of the Communist Party of China, is Zhang Xueliang's liaison officer in the cavalry army. Liu Guiwu was the commander of the 18th regiment of the 6th cavalry division. He was stationed in the yimaguan area of Qingyang County, more than 15 kilometers away from the military headquarters. Liu Guiwu got to know Liu LANBO and Wang zaitan successively. Because of their common thought of resisting Japan and saving the nation, they soon became intimate friends. In a conversation, Liu Guiwu said excitedly: "our guns are from the blood and sweat of 30 million compatriots in the northeast. They have been used for thousands of days and for a while. Japan occupied the northeast on September 18. We retreated without fighting and watched the compatriots in the Northeast become slaves to the motherland. Why do we soldiers who are dutiful to our country believe in Chiang Kai Shek's non resistance and throw away the great rivers and mountains in Northeast China? "Liu Guiwu is very much in favor of the slogan" the Chinese do not fight the Chinese. ". He had taken the initiative to help and cover the patriotic action of the students, so that several students who killed the enemy and puppet agents were not pursued. The 18th regiment led by Liu Guiwu is the main force of the 6th cavalry division. Liu and his teacher Bai Fengxiang are friends in need. Liu Guiwu's Anti Japanese patriotism had a direct impact on Bai Fengxiang and Huang Xiansheng's progressive thought. The cavalry division seldom had friction with the Red Army, especially the sixth division formed a friendly relationship with the Red Army after many exchanges. In 1936, in commemoration of the 5th anniversary of the September 18th Incident, Zhu Rui, the representative of the Red Army, and the representative of the sixth riding division signed four secret agreements on "stopping the civil war, resisting Japan and saving the country". In the second to fourth articles, the sixth cavalry division made a "no order to attack the Red Army"; in order to avoid misunderstanding, "cavalry action should be reported to the Red Army in advance"; in "mutual friendly concession when possible and necessary, in order to realize the Anti Japanese interests as the principle". Liu LANBO and Wang zaitan highly appreciated Liu Guiwu's thought and personality. They had repeatedly suggested Chen Dazhang, Zhang Xueliang's bodyguard assistant, that he could recommend Liu Guiwu to work with Zhang Xueliang. According to Chen Dazhang's recommendation, Zhang Xueliang transferred Liu Guiwu to Xi'an that autumn. During this period, he took part in the "officers training regiment" organized by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng in Wangqu Town, and the "Anti Japanese comrades' Association" secretly organized by Zhang Xueliang in the Northeast Army, and was left to work in the office of the assistant bodyguard. On December 4, 1936, Chiang Kai Shek led the Third Military Police regiment of KMT civil and military officers and trusted bodyguards to Xi'an to take charge of HuaQingChi in Lintong. He put on a showdown with generals Zhang and Yang and forced them to carry out his "bandit suppression" plan. Before that, in order to resist Japan and save the nation, Zhang Xueliang had repeatedly made "bitter remonstrance" and "Weeping remonstrance" to Chiang Kai Shek, which was of no help. In this case, Zhang Xueliang was forced to "remonstrate" at last. At this critical historical juncture concerning the survival of the country and the nation, he resolutely decided to entrust Liu Guiwu with an important task. On December 8, Zhang Xueliang summoned Liu Guiwu to the West Building of his residence. After personally testing Liu Guiwu's loyalty and courage, he gave a face-to-face lecture on how to force Chiang Kai Shek to unite against Japan, which Liu Guiwu resolutely accepted. Later, Zhang Xueliang ordered Wang Yuzan, the leader of HuaQingChi security team, to lead the Department to cooperate with Liu Guiwu and others in the implementation of the plan to capture Jiang. On December 8, 1936, Zhang Xueliang called Liu Guiwu and others to discuss the matter of catching Jiang. He decided that Bai Fengxiang, the commander of the sixth cavalry division, sun Mingjiu, the commander of the second guard battalion, and Liu Guiwu would take the responsibility of catching Jiang. On December 12, 1936, Liu Guiwu and others successfully completed the task of catching Jiang. On December 14, Zhang Xueliang promoted them to major general of the sixth cavalry division.

Counter-Japanese War

After the July 7th incident, Ma Zhanshan led the "advance army in the northeast", and the sixth Cavalry Division was assigned to the advance army system. Liu Guiwu led his troops to fight with the Japanese army in Suiyuan front for eight months and repeatedly defeated the enemy. In 1937, Ma Zhanshan was ordered to "guard the Yimeng and defend the river" and resist the enemy to the north of the Yellow River. At that time, Liu Guiwu's sixth Cavalry Division had the strongest combat effectiveness. The development and growth of the Mazhan mountain area made the Japanese aggressors panic. They mobilized strong Japanese troops from Datong, Suiyuan, Baotou, bailing temple and other places to encircle and suppress the puppet forces. On April 15, 1938, Ma Zhanshan led his troops to Zhangbei, the nest of the Japanese army, and the Japanese army mobilized four divisions to fight against it. The two sides fought fiercely for five days and nights, and the horse Department inflicted heavy losses on the enemy, but it was about to run out of ammunition, so it retreated to Wuchuan to wait for the whole army to fight again. On the night of April 20, 1938, Ma Zhanshan led his troops to the area of youyouganzi in Wuchuan County. At dawn on the 21st, Japanese invaders surrounded Ma Zhanshan's troops in the village of youyouganzi. More than 100 enemy cars, more than 50 armored vehicles, thousands of devils, and 33 aircraft tried to annihilate the Mazhan mountain headquarters at one stroke. The headquarters was surrounded by the enemy.

Die for the country

In 1938, Liu Guiwu followed Ma Zhanshan in a bloody battle with the Japanese army in hongyouganzi village, Guyang County, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia. On April 22, Liu Guiwu was killed and his head was cut off by the Japanese army.

Anecdotes - Achievements

He was a subordinate of song Zheyuan, a general of the northwest army. After graduating from the second phase of Lushan officer training regiment, he was incorporated into the Northeast Army. He once served as the company commander of the cavalry brigade and the head of the sixth division of Bai Fengxiang cavalry. During the Xi'an Incident, because he and Bai Fengxiang had bandit experience and were good at "digging out old kilns", they ordered his regiment to be directly responsible for attacking the erdaomen and wujianting guarded by Chiang Kai Shek's bodyguards during the Xi'an Incident. For this reason, Zhang specially took Bai Fengxiang and Liu Guiwu to meet Chiang Kai Shek, in order to get familiar with the route and recognize the people. Liu Guiwu, who was only a colonel at that time, was also a rare "special honor". This historical fact is worth pondering, because Zhang Xueliang introduced Bai and Liu to Chiang Kai Shek precisely because he wanted to send them to carry out guerrilla warfare behind the Japanese army in Rehe! If Chiang had no confidence or interest in resisting Japan, he would not have summoned these two officers. Maybe for Zhang Xueliang, it was not that he did not resist Japan, but that his moves were too slow and hesitant. Despite the experience of "digging out the old kiln", Jiang's guards were well-trained because of the dark and dangerous conditions, and the battle against wujianting lasted for quite a long time until Qian Dajun, the bodyguard commander in charge of the resistance, was shot through the chest (later rescued by his subordinates in a cave and captured by the Northeast Army), and Jiang Xiaoxian, the military police captain (Jiang Zhongzheng's nephew and Yu Jishi's cousin), died, To stop fighting. At this time, Chiang Kai Shek had fled to Lishan, and Liu Guiwu failed to capture him alive. Later, Liu duoquan sent someone to search him out. After the Xi'an Incident was resolved, Bai Fengxiang was removed from his post, but Chiang told the regiment level officers to let bygones be bygones. Therefore, in October 1937, Liu was promoted to the commander of the sixth division of the Kuomintang cavalry, under the jurisdiction of two cavalry regiments, one infantry regiment. Lead the defense Suiyuan (now Inner Mongolia) under the camp. In 1937, when the Anti Japanese war broke out, the Nationalist government ordered General Ma Zhanshan, who fired the first shot of the war, to set up the Northeast march in Datong and make a recovery of the Northeast situation. The main forces were the jingdequan division of the third division and the liuguiwu division of the Sixth Division. Because of the great disparity between the enemy and ourselves, most of tsarisui fell, and it was obviously too unlikely to march back to the three eastern provinces by relying on the northeast. Zhaoran became an important guerrilla force in the northern part of the grassland. For eight years, the Japanese army was unable to completely expel the headquarters of Ma Zhanshan in this area. the Northeast Army cavalry troops once fought in the rear of the enemy. Outside of Ma Zhanshan, Bai Fengxiang's advance in Rehe also threatened Duolun and fought repeatedly. It was only in 1939 that they were defeated in Guyang under the heavy attack of the Japanese army, only a few dozen kilometers away from the place where Liu Guiwu died. In several battles across Daqing Mountain, Liu Guiwu took advantage of Suiyuan's vast territory and sparsely populated population, and made full use of the advantages of fast and fierce cavalry. He left after fighting and made many achievements. In March 1938, in order to cooperate with Fu Zuoyi's counterattack against Suiyuan, Ma Zhanshan's troops once again climbed over Daqingshan and went to Japan

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