Li Yuandu

Li Yuandu

Li Yuandu (1821-1887), Han nationality, was born in Pingjiang County, Hunan Province. It is also called huting. In his later years, he was even called detached old man, Minister and scholar of the Qing Dynasty. Born in the first year of Daoguang (1821). He lost his father at the age of four. 18-year-old scholar. Twenty three years to the official Qianyang County Jiaoyu. He is the author of 60 volumes of Guochao xianzhengshi Lue, 40 volumes of tianyueshan guanwenchao, 12 volumes of tianyueshan Guanshi Ji, 64 volumes of Sishu Guangyi, 10 volumes of Guochao Tongshi Lue, 2 volumes of Mingxian Yishi Lu, 26 volumes of Nanyue Zhi, etc. Among them, a brief introduction to the official affairs of the state, a collection of relevant literature materials of the Qing Dynasty, is particularly great. He also wrote Tongzhi's Pingjiang county annals and Hunan General annals. In the 13th year of Guangxu's reign, he was promoted to be the governor of Guizhou Province. He died of illness on September 27 (November 12, 1887) in the same year.

Life of the characters

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was a well-known talent in Pingjiang. After repeated trials, he joined the army and eventually became a Confucian general. He was Li Yuandu.

Li Yuandu (1820-1887) was born in Shayu village, Shuangkou Township, Pingjiang county. At the age of four, he lost his father and relied on his mother's textile to exchange money for his schooling. He was a scholar at the age of 18, and he was elected at the age of 22. But after that, he failed in the ceremony examination six times.

In 1852 (the second year of Xianfeng), Zeng Guofan held a league training in Hunan, and Li Yuandu was called to the curtain. Later, they were trapped in Wuchang and Hanyang.

In 1853 (the third year of Xianfeng), Li Yuandu, who was 33 years old, joined Zeng Guofan's Hunan army and served as an aide. He helped Zeng "set up a good army and regulate the camp affairs", which was highly appreciated by Zeng. Zeng Guofan recommended Li as a candidate for the title of county magistrate and cabinet secretary; later, he recommended the title of Tongzhi as a reward to Dai Hualing. After the battle of Hukou in Jiangxi Province, Li Yuandu was changed from a military officer to a general.

In 1855 (the fifth year of Xianfeng), Zeng Guofan was defeated in Hukou and Jiujiang, and retreated to Nanchang. He returned to Hunan and enlisted the Pingjiang army to help.

In 1858 (the eighth year of Xianfeng), Li Yuandu led a 700 member army to defend Yushan and Guangfeng in Jiangxi, which played an important role in assisting the Xiang army to capture the whole territory of Jiangxi. In addition, during Li's stay in Jinggang, Hunan Province and hukou, Jiangxi Province, he saved Zeng Guofan twice. Zeng Guofan tried his best to offer a reward for Li Yuandu. He was named as a Taoist priest, and was awarded the title of inspector (4) and the title of sergulengbatulu. Two years later, he was granted the title of Taoist priest of Wenchu in Zhejiang Province. Soon, he was transferred to Taiguang Taoist priest of Huining in Anhui Province, with the title of political envoy. During his term of office, Li Yuandu led his troops to Huizhou under Zeng Guofan's command. Because of the great disparity of troops, Huizhou was lost. Zeng Guofan, in order to cover up his mistake of "planning unclassified", impeached Li Yuandu and dismissed him.

In August 1860 (August of the 10th year of Xianfeng), Li Yuandu was ordered to defend Huizhou (now Shexian County, Anhui Province), and was defeated by Li Shixian, the prince of Taiping army. He was dismissed and questioned. Wang Youling, the governor of Zhejiang Province, returned to his native land and raised 8000 volunteers to help Zhejiang Province, known as the "Anyue army". He went from Pingjiang and Tongcheng to pursue Li Xiucheng, the loyal king, to Ruizhou (today's Gao'an, Jiangxi Province), where he served as a restoration Officer and a political envoy.

In September 1861 (September of the 11th year of Xianfeng), he led the army into Zhejiang Province, defeated Zuo Zongtang and Li Shixian in Jiangshan and Changshan. He was granted the salt transportation envoy of Zhejiang Province and promoted to inspector general. Before long, Zeng Guofan impeached him for his previous failure to defend Huizhou and for not waiting for trial, and sent him to the army to serve. After Zuo Zongtang, Shen Baozhen, Li Hongzhang and so on, they were released to the countryside.

In October 1861 (in October of the 11th year of Xianfeng), Li Dai made meritorious contributions and returned to his original post. He successively served as the inspector general and the Governor General of Guizhou. During his term of office, he cut the great evils, impeached the clerks, promoted sericulture, set up a Mining Bureau, and worked hard to win the hearts of the people. He died in Guizhou Province.

Although Zeng Guofan once impeached Li Yuandu and said that Li Yuandu was "not good at the battle line", he had some self-examination and repentance in his later years: "although (Li Yuandu) failed to govern the army, he was a sage." There is a more pertinent comment in the preface of "a brief introduction to the official affairs of the national court": "when Ziqing raised his army in four provinces, he was still strong after many setbacks. It's not true that he was so loyal and solid. When he wrote books in anger, he was so brave."

After Li Yuandu lost his post in Huizhou, Zeng Guofan was angry that he was not able to defend the city and shirked his responsibility. On September 16, the 10th year of Xianfeng, Zeng Guofan published a book entitled "Zhou Tian Shou et al. Ning Guo's memorial day, asking for mercy and those who participated in the reform of Huizhou". He denounced Li Yuandu that "people have no intention of regret" and suggested that the imperial court "dismiss him". At the end of the eleventh year of Xianfeng, Li Yuandu was invited by Zhejiang governor Wang Youling to go to Zhejiang to suppress bandits. But before the rescue, Wang Youling killed himself and Li Yuandu stayed in Guangxin and Quzhou at the border of Jiangxi and Zhejiang. Before passing through Yining, Fengxin, Ruizhou and other places, the Taiping army retreated without fighting, and Li Yuandu gave a memorial to win the victory. Therefore, not only the dismissal of Huizhou was cancelled, but also the rank of chief envoy was awarded. Dissatisfied with him, Zeng Guofan again impeached Li Yuandu in the spring of the first year of Tongzhi, saying that "he was not only a minister but also a king Youling. It's hard to forgive the law, but it's also hard to forgive the emotion. ". Three months later, he again impeached Li Yuandu in the compromise of impeaching Chen Youli and Zheng Kui Shi. But later, Zeng Guofan remembered that Li Yuandu had helped him in a critical moment, and felt that he had gone too far for him. So he wrote to investigate Zuo Zongtang of Li Yuandu and asked for help for him. In a compromise on August 13, the third year of Tongzhi, he also pleaded for Li Yuandu's friendship, "recalling those who shared weal and woe in the past, Li Yuandu was the only one who survived All the ministers are ashamed of it. On August 21, the court ordered Zuo Zongtang to review the Li Yuandu case. Tso's findings and suggestions surprised Zeng Guofan. In the memorial, Zuo Zongtang said, "Li Yuandu came from Pingjiang and Tongcheng. After the thieves left, he made great contribution to the restoration of the city This crime is arguable in one case, and in the other case, it is arguable in two cases. At the same time, Zuo Zongtang also criticized Zeng Guofan's contradictory attitude, "what Zeng Guofan told is not the justice of the state.". In the first month of the fourth year of Tongzhi, the court ordered Li Yuandu to send him to the army to serve in Taiwan. After the judgment was handed down, Li Hongzhang took the lead and Shen Baozhen, Peng Yulin, Bao Chao and others jointly turned over to ask for love for Li, saying that he had an old mother to support, "who should I trust to support Shu Shui?" At the same time, Li Yuandu said that "although there is a crime that can be discussed later, there is a merit that can not be concealed in the previous research". In the second instance, the imperial court exempted from the punishment of being forced to confiscate the army and ended it with a fine instead.

At the beginning of Tongzhi, Miao people, Jiao army and Hao army in Guizhou raised their banners against the Qing Dynasty, and Li Yuandu was used again.

In 1866 (March of the fifth year of Tongzhi), he led 2000 newly recruited Pingjiang soldiers into Guizhou. In two years, more than 900 Miao and Haojun villages were captured. Shi Ping was granted the Yunnan inspection envoy. There is a lack of homecoming.

After the outbreak of the Sino French war in 1884 (the 10th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), Li Yuandu, at the invitation of Peng Yulin, went to Guangdong for defense and proposed to block Humen Haikou.

In 1885 (in June of the 11th year of Guangxu), he was appointed as the governor of Guizhou. He suggested that the water transport in the south of the Yangtze River should be changed into a new color; the fortress should be built in imitation of the foreign law; the governor of Fujian should be stationed in Taiwan to prevent the French and Japanese countries from committing crimes; the governor of Hubei, Guangdong and Yunnan should be removed from the same city as the governor; and the minister or leader should be set up in the place where overseas Chinese live.

In 1887 (the 13th year of Guangxu), Li Yuandu moved to Guizhou as an envoy.

He died on November 12, 1887 (September 27, the 13th year of Guangxu).

Historical records

Biography of Li Yuandu

Li Yuandu, ziziqing, was born in Pingjiang, Hunan Province. The imperial edict of Qianyang was given by Ju Ren. Zeng Guozhen was practicing in the regiment of Jizhi, and wrote thousands of words about military affairs in Yuandu. Guozhen was strong and recruited into the curtain. In the fifth year of Xianfeng, Guozhen moved his army to Jiangxi Province and ordered Yuandu to raise 3000 troops to hukou. In the sixth year, he moved to Fuzhou, where he joined the military forces along the river. The thief came from Jingde to attack the Jiangjun camp in Fuzhou, and Lin Yuanen died. Yuandu broke through and moved to Guixi to prevent Guangxin. In seven years, 20000 thieves came to Yushan, with only 700 guards. Yuandu met them and broke the floating beam of the thieves. The thieves formed an army and rode them to the upstream to cross the river. But when he returned to the city and refused to defend, he was attacked for two days and nights. When the thief suddenly stopped attacking, he worked in a variety of ways. He knew that he had to dig a trench to prevent him from crossing the tunnel and the trench. When the thief's skill was poor, he was ambushed and invited to attack. Anren, Yiyang and Guangxin were all equal. Yuandu had been promoted to the magistrate, and was named as a Taoist priest. At that time, he was given the name of serguren batulu. In the eighth year, he led his troops in Pingjiang to aid Zhejiang and defeated ziwukou in Yushan. Will conquer Changshan, Jiangshan, Zhejiang Wenchu road.

Ten years ago, Zeng Guozhen supervised the south of Anhui Province, transferred yuan to Anhui ningchi Taidao, and prevented Huizhou. On the third day, the bandits from Jingde joined the bandits and scattered into Congshan pass of Jixi. Tongzhi Tong Meihua and Dusi Dan Suifu were sent to help, but they were defeated. The thief is going to the county city, and Yuandu is going away. He was impeached by the imperial court, and was removed from office. Wang Youling, the governor of Zhejiang Province, played a tune to help Zhejiang Province. Yuandu was not on standby. He returned home and raised eight thousand soldiers, named Anyue army. When the bandits of Guangdong Province attacked Hunan Province, governor Wen Ge left his troops to guard Liuyang, and together with other troops to break the thieves. He also issued an imperial edict to reward them with the rank of inspection envoy and the rank of cloth envoy.

Wang Youling died when he was trapped in Hangzhou and ordered Zuo Zongtang to replace him. Yuan Du led his army into Zhejiang Province, and with Li Ding, the prefect of Quzhou, he was granted the salt transportation envoy and the political envoy. Guozhen was not convicted of Yuandu's crime. He did not listen to Kan and returned home quickly. He was re impeached and dismissed and handed over to Zuo Zongtang. Yan Guan talked about impeachment again, and ordered Guozhen and Zongtang to rule by law. Guozhen played: "the loss of Huizhou, Yuandu just arrived, justifiable."

Zongtang said: "the fall of Hangzhou was not due to its stay. But after he was dismissed from his post, he asked for his salary, regardless of the overall situation. " On garrison. Shen Baozhen, Li Hongzhang, Peng Yulin, Bao Chao and other Jiaozhang recommended their talents and represented them

Chinese PinYin : Li Yuan Du