Xia Houyuan

Xia Houyuan

Xia Houyuan? He was born in Qiaoxian County of Pei state (now Qiaocheng District, Bozhou City, Anhui Province). In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xia Houying, a famous general, was the descendant of Xia Houying.

In his early years, Xia Houyuan followed Cao Cao to fight in all directions, and successively served as the captains of qiduwei, Chenliu and Yingchuan. He took part in the battle of Guandu and was responsible for supervising the transportation of grain and grass. He was good at attacking from thousands of miles, fighting surprise, and calming down the rebellions of Changhe, Xuhe, leixu, Shangyao, etc. After the war of Weinan, Xia Houyuan led his army to destroy the Han Sui tribe, Qiang tribe and di tribe in Guanlong area, which shocked Guanyou area. With his meritorious service, he moved to the West and was granted the title of Marquis of BoChang Pavilion. After Zhang Lu surrendered to Cao Cao, Xia Houyuan was responsible for guarding Hanzhong.

In the 24th year of Jian'an, Liu Bei led the army to attack Hanzhong, and Xia Houyuan was attacked and killed by Huang Zhong. After his death, his posthumous title was min, and he was entitled to the temple of Taizu (Cao Cao).

Life of the characters

Early experience

After Xia Houyuan, the servant of the Western Han Dynasty, his wife was Cao Cao's wife and sister. Cao Cao was implicated in a certain case in his hometown, and Xia Houyuan took the responsibility on his behalf. Later, Cao Cao tried to rescue him to avoid disaster. At that time, Yan and Yu were in chaos. Because of hunger, Xia Houyuan gave up his young son and supported his dead brother and daughter.

Enlist with the army

December of the sixth year of Zhongping (189)

，

Cao Cao set up his army in Chenliu, and Xia Houyuan followed Cao Cao in the posts of Sima and Duwei.

In the early years of Jian'an (196), he moved to Chen Liu and later to Yingchuan.

In August of the fifth year of Jian'an (200), Cao Cao and Yuan shaozhan took the post of commander of military academy by Xia Houyuan. In October, yuan Shaobai and Xia Houyuan supervised the transportation of military grain in Yanzhou, Yuzhou and Xuzhou. At that time, the army was short of grain. Xia Houyuan transported supplies in time, and the army was able to revive.

In the same year, the daughter of Xia Houyuan's 13-year-old and 4-year-old brother went out to collect firewood for Zhang Fei and married him.

Five ways to fight the rebellion

In September of the sixth year of Jian'an (201), Yuan Shao sent Liu Bei to attack and plunder Runan, and Chang'an rebelled against Liu Bei. Xia Houyuan and Zhang liaowei Chang'an lived in the East China Sea. A few months later, their grain was exhausted. All the generals thought that the troops should be withdrawn, but Zhang Liao saw that Chang he was wavering and thought that he could be said to have been demoted, so he sent an envoy to Chang He. The fruit of changchen came down and followed Zhang Liao to meet Cao Cao.

In August of the 11th year of Jian'an (206), Changhe rebelled again. Cao Cao sent Yujin to attack, but Yujin could not conquer Changhe. So he sent XiaHouYuan and Yujin to attack Changhe, and more than ten strongholds were destroyed. Because Chang Chen was an old friend of Yu Jin, he went to Yu Jin camp to surrender, and Yu Jin killed him with "no amnesty for those who surround and then surrender". After returning to the army, Xia Houyuan was worshipped as the commander of the Dian army. At that time, because of Xia Houyuan's strange illness, the army often caught the enemy by surprise. There was a saying that "Xia Houyuan, the commander of the Dian army, could travel 500 Li in three days and thousands of Li in six days".

In 1913, Xu Jianji and other officials were killed, and they were killed to make up for the grain.

In the 14th year of Jian'an (209), Cao Cao led the army with Xia Houyuan. In December, after Cao Cao attacked Sun Quan, he returned to Qiao and led tens of thousands of people to Liu Bei. Cao Cao appointed Xia Houyuan to destroy Lei Xu.

In the 16th year of Jian'an (211), in the first month, Shangyao of Taiyuan rebelled against Daling. Cao Cao took XiaHouYuan as the commander of the Western guard. Xu Huang attacked him, attacked more than 20 strongholds, killed Shangyao and slaughtered Daling. In March, Cao Cao ordered Zhong Yao, the commander of Sili school, to fight against Zhang Lu in Hanzhong, so that Xia Houyuan and others led their troops out of Hedong to join Zhong Yao. In August, Xia Houyuan conquered Ma Chao and Han Sui from Cao Cao, and the two sides fought in Weinan. The battle of Weinan ended with Cao's victory.

Hubuguan right

In October, Xia Houyuan's governors Xu Huang and Zhu Ling met Cao Cao in An'an and Yang Qiu surrendered. In December, Cao Cao returned to the army and left XiaHouYuan to garrison Chang'an.

In the first month of the 17th year of Jian'an (212), Cao Cao returned to Yecheng. Xia Houyuan was a general of the guard army. Zhu Ling and Lu Zhao were stationed in Chang'an. He defeated Liu Xiong (also known as Liu xiongming) who had gathered thousands of people to make trouble at wuguandaokou. He was demoted to his department. Liu Xiong fled to Hanzhong.

Ma Chao annexed all the people in Longyou. Zhang Lu also sent General Yang ang to help Ma Chao and gathered more than 10000 people to besiege Liangzhou governor Wei Kang in Jicheng. Wei Kang held on for eight months. Wei Kang sent Yan Wen to Xia Houyuan for help. He was captured by Ma Chao. Yan Wen refused to surrender and was killed by Ma Chao. Before Xia Houyuan's reinforcements arrived, Wei Kang surrendered to Ma Chao and was killed by him. When XiaHouYuan's troops were more than 200 li away from the city of Hebei, Ma Chao led the attack, and XiaHouYuan's troops were at a disadvantage. It also coincided with the second rebellion of Yang Qianwan in response to Ma Chao, and the army was stationed in Xingguo, so XiaHouYuan withdrew.

In July, Han Sui, Ma Chao and other Liangxing troops were stationed in Lantian, Wan, Xiayang and other places, and Kou luezuo and Feng Yi. Xia Houyuan got Zheng Hun to lead the local soldiers and people to help him. Zhang Ying and Xu Huang led the soldiers to encircle him and suppress him. They broke Liang Xingyu's pen (Xu Huang's biography and Zheng Hun's biography are both for the pen, not the pen written in Xia Houyuan's biography, Tongjian is also for the pen), killed Xia Yang bandit Jin Fu, rescued Xia Yang Chang, Shao Lingling and their officials, and returned Jin Fu's plundered materials from nearby counties, with a total revenue of more than 3000 yuan The bandits. Cao Cao made him the Marquis of BoChang Pavilion.

In September 213, the 18th year of Jian'an, Yang Fu, Jiang Xu, Zhao Qu, Yin Feng, etc. tried to discuss Ma Chao and killed his wife. Ma Chao went to the Han Dynasty to invest in Zhang Lu (Yang Fu's biography says that this matter originated from the 17th year of Jian'an, which is more detailed in Zizhitongjian, so it is said in September of the 18th year).

In the spring of the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Ma Chao asked for troops from Zhanglu, took Liangzhou to the north, and surrounded Qishan. Jiang Xu and others urgently asked for help from Xia Houyuan. The generals thought that they should obey Cao Cao's instructions. Xia Houyuan thought that they would be defeated when they received Cao Cao's instructions because they had to travel 4000 miles repeatedly and had a long way to go. At the end of the discussion, Zhang Ying was sent out to lead 5000 cavalry troops to march along Chencang trail, and then he was in charge of transporting grain and grass. When Zhang Ying soldiers arrived at Weishui, Ma Chao led thousands of DI and Qiang to attack. But the two sides did not fight, Ma Chao retreated without fighting, and Zhang Ying collected the equipment left by Ma Chao. Finally, Zhang Ying defeated Ma Chao (Zizhitongjian also recorded that Ma Chao was defeated and left). When Xia Houyuan and his troops arrived, all the counties had surrendered to Zhang Ying.

At this time, Han Sui was also stationed in Xianqin, so Xia Houyuan turned to attack Han Sui again, and Han Sui was defeated. After receiving his military supplies, Xia Houyuan continued to pursue Han Sui until Lueyang. This place is more than 20 li away from Han Sui army. Some of the generals tend to continue to attack Han Sui, while others think that they should turn to attack xingguodi. Xia Houyuan himself thinks that Han Sui's troops are elite and xingguodi's castle is strong. Even if they are forced to attack, they can't be conquered immediately. It's better to attack many of the Qiang's old nests in Changli. Because Han Sui's troops are long away from Qiang, they must be rescued Therefore, if the Qiang soldiers were allowed to save themselves, they would fall into the situation of being alone. If they wanted to save Changli, they would have to go out of the city to fight with the XiaHouYuan army, and they could be captured in the first battle. So Xia Houyuan left behind the Ministry in charge of supervision and inspection. He personally led the elite infantry to attack and burn Changli qiangtun, and beheaded a lot. After hearing the news, the Qiang soldiers in Han Sui's army came back to their respective tribes one after another. Han Sui had no choice but to lead the army to rescue them and fight against Xia Houyuan. Seeing that Han Sui's military strength was huge, the ministries had a headache and prepared to camp and dig for a protracted war. Xia Houyuan also encouraged everyone to say, "if our army had been fighting for thousands of miles, if we had set up camp and dug ditches at that time, the soldiers would be demoralized and unable to keep fighting. Although the enemy's military strength was huge, it was easy to deal with it." So he beat the drum and defeated Han Suijun, and got his Shuai flag and other items.

After a little adjustment, Hui Lueyang took advantage of the victory and besieged Xingguo. Although the king of Xingguo Di, a GUI, and the king of Baixiang Di, Yang Qianwan (that is, Qiu Chi in Wuhu, many of his descendants were brave, such as Yang Ju, who was brave and resourceful, Yang Dingguo, who was good at fighting, and Yang Dayan, who was the second strongest general in the Northern Dynasty after Gao aocao, and so on), they were not defeated by Xia Houyuan. A GUI was defeated, and ten million fled to Ma Chao. All the rest of his soldiers threw in Down. Then he turned to Gao Ping and Tu Ge, who won all the battles and collected their military supplies, cattle and horses. After the war, Xia Houyuan won the fake festival because of his outstanding achievements.

In October, Cao Cao ordered Xia Houyuan to lead Zhang Ying and Zhang Ji to attack Song Jian, a native of Longxi, who had been in chaos for more than 30 years. Then Xia Houyuan sent troops to attack and besiege Wu Han. Only a month later, he defeated Song Jian. Since Song Jian, all the officials were decapitated.

In addition, Xia Houyuan sent Zhang Ying and others to level down heguan, crossing the river into xiaohuangzhong, and all the Qiang tribes in Hexi surrendered. Since then, Longyou, who had been in trouble for a long time, was put down. When he returned to the army, he was threatened by tens of thousands of Qiang and Hu soldiers gathered by Han Sui. Then Xia Houyuan ordered Yan xinghou, the son-in-law of Han Sui who took refuge in Cao army because of his incompatibility with Han Sui. Xia Houyuan was praised by Cao Cao for his great contribution. He said that song Jian, who had been eradicating chaos for more than 30 years, was like a tiger and was invincible. He quoted Confucius as saying, "I am not as good as you".

In March of the 20th year of Jian'an (215), Cao Cao marched West to Zhang Lu. Xia Houyuan led the generals in Liangzhou and the kings of Qiang and Hu joined Cao Cao to rest in the pavilion. Every time Cao Cao met with the leaders of Qiang and Hu, he ordered Xia Houyuan to accompany him to the meeting to deter the Qiang and Hu kings.

In November, Zhang Lu surrendered and Hanzhong was pacified. Cao Cao took XiaHouYuan as the commander of the military, and Zhang Ying, Xu Huang and other Pingba counties began to move people.

In December, Cao Cao returned from Nanzheng and left XiaHouYuan to guard Hanzhong. He immediately worshipped XiaHouYuan as the general of the expedition to the West.

In the 21th year of Jian'an (216), XiaHouYuan was granted 300 new food towns and 800 new food towns. After that, the Hui army of XiaHouYuan attacked the Diqiang tribes in Wudu and Xiabian, and collected more than 100000 trees from Guliang.

Die in battle

23 years of Jian'an

Chinese PinYin : Xia Hou Yuan