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Hua Xin

Hua Xin (157 - January 30, 232), Zi Yu, Han nationality. Pingyuan County, Gaotang county (now Gaotang County, Shandong Province). From the end of the Han Dynasty to the early years of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Wei was a famous scholar and important official.

In his early years, Hua Xin worshipped Chen Qiu as his teacher. He was the same as Lu Zhi, Zheng Xuan and Guan Ning. He was also called Yilong with Guan Ning and Bing yuan. Hua Xin was the leader. During the reign of emperor Hanling, Hua Xin was promoted to be a filial and honest man. He was a doctor and went to an official because of illness. He was also called up as shangshulang by general He Jin. Later, he was the governor of Yuzhang and won the support of the people. Sun CE led the army to the south, and Huaxin Jujun surrendered and was honored as the guest of honor. In the war of Guandu, he was enlisted as Yilang and shensikong. He was a minister and a minister, and he was also a minister order on behalf of Xun Yu. When the Prime Minister Cao Cao asked for Sun Quan, he gave Hua Xin a military adviser. Later, he was the imperial historian of the kingdom of Wei. Cao Pi was the king, worshipped Huaxin as the prime minister, and granted the title of Marquis of Anle. After the establishment of Cao Wei, his prime minister was renamed situ. Wei Ming emperor ascended to the throne and was promoted to Taiwei. Jin was granted the title of Boping marquis.

Taihe five years (January 232), died of illness, at the age of 75, posthumous title for the king. There are thirty volumes of collected works, which are lost today. The rest can be seen in the whole Three Kingdoms.

Life of the characters

I've seen a lot of people

GAOTANG County, Huaxin's hometown, is a famous city in the old Qi state. Officials like to walk in the streets and show their faces. Hua Xin was an official in the county government at that time. Whenever he went out of the government on vacation, he immediately went home and closed the door. He is calm and objective, and never slanders or hurts others. Tao Qiuhong, a native of Tongjun County, was also a famous scholar at that time. He thought he had more insight than Hua Xin.

In 188, Wang Fen, the governor of Jizhou, negotiated with the heroes to abolish Hanling emperor and establish a new emperor. Wang Fen had secretly discussed with Hua Xin and Tao Qiuhong. When Tao Qiuhong wanted to take part in the discussion, Hua Xin stopped and said, "it's difficult for Yi Yin and Huo Guang to abolish the emperor. Wang Fen has a rough temperament and no strategy. He will not succeed. He will not only kill himself, but also his clan. Don't get involved! " Tao Qiuhong follows Hua Xin's advice and withdraws. After that, Wang Fen's rebellion failed. From then on, Tao Qiuhong was convinced of Hua Xin's insight.

Honest and clean

Hua Xin was once recommended as Xiaolian and was granted the position of doctor by Chaoqian, but he resigned because of illness and went home. After the death of Hanling emperor, he Jin, the assistant general, transferred Henan Zhengtai, Yingchuan Xunyou and Huaxin to Beijing. In 189, when Hua Xin arrived in Luoyang, he was granted the post of shangshulang.

In the first year of Chuping (190), when Dong Zhuo moved Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty to Chang'an, Hua Xin asked to take the post of xiagui order (after the announcement of the appointment) and said that he was ill. He crossed the Qinling Mountains from Lantian to Nanyang.

At that time, Yuan Shu was in Shacheng and wanted to leave Hua Xin to help him. Hua Xin advised Yuan Shu to send troops to attack Dong Zhuo, but Yuan Shu didn't take it. Hua Xin decided to abandon Yuan Shu and go to another country. Just as the hero Xiandi sent Taifu Ma RIYUAN to pacify Guandong (east of Hangu pass), Ma RIYUAN called Hua Xin to be his family.

After he traveled eastward to Xuzhou, Emperor Xian issued an imperial edict to appoint Hua Xin as the governor of the Yuzhang. When he was the governor, he was quiet and didn't disturb the people, so the officials and people were very grateful for his support (so that Liu Yao, the governor of Yangzhou, died, and the whole Yangzhou people promoted Hua Xin as the governor). Because Hua Xin did not have the emperor's order, it was not the right way for him to go to the post. But the people had been waiting outside Yuzhang Prefecture for several months, and they were finally persuaded back by him. After sun CE occupied Jiangdong, he sent Yu fan to talk about his interests. Hua Xin knew that sun CE was good at using troops, so he arranged his clothes to welcome him. Sun CE knew that Hua Xin was virtuous and talented, and he was older than himself, so he treated him as a guest of honor.

After sun CE's death, Cao Cao wrote to Emperor Xiandi in Guandu, asking Hua Xin to take a post in Xuchang. Sun Quan didn't want Hua Xin to leave. Hua Xin said to Sun Quan, "because you can obey the emperor's orders, you can form a friendship with Cao Gong, but the friendship is not strong. Wouldn't it be better if I went there to deepen it for you? It's not a good way for you to keep me for a useless thing today. " Sun Quan was very happy, so he agreed to send him to Beijing. It is said that Hua Xindu went to Beijing to take up his post. His friends, friends and former colleagues all came to see him off and presented him with "hundreds of gold". Hua Xin does not refuse to come, but secretly marks the money. On the day of his departure, he put out all the gifts and said to the senders, "I didn't refuse your gifts, so I received a lot of gifts. Thinking that I'm going on a lonely bike trip this time, I'm not guilty, but huaizang Biyu has a reason to be killed. I hope my friends and friends can come up with a complete plan for me. " (no one could guarantee that he would be safe with heavy gold and silver treasures on his way), so they had to take back the original gift and admire his noble character.

After Hua Xin arrived in the capital, he was appointed as Yilang and served as the commander of the air force. Later, he was promoted to minister, and then transferred to Shizhong, and then replaced Xun Yu as minister (equivalent to Deputy Prime Minister). When Cao Cao attacked Sun Quan, he asked Emperor Xian to appoint Hua Xin as a military adviser. After the establishment of the state of Wei (Cao Cao was granted the title of king of Wei by Jiuxi), he served as a censor.

Wei Sangong

In the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Cao passed away. Cao Pi succeeded to the throne of Wei king and worshipped Hua Xin as the prime minister. In December of the same year, Cao Pi became emperor of the Han Dynasty. Hua Xin ascended the altar and presided over the ceremony of accepting Zen Buddhism. He presented the emperor's seal to Cao Pi. Later, Cao Pi changed the prime minister to situ.

Hua Xin has always been incorruptible. Both Lumi and the emperor's rewards have helped his relatives and acquaintances. There is no Baijin or Shidou grain in his family. The imperial court often rewarded the young women who had been confiscated as slaves to the ministers, but Hua Xin didn't accept them. Instead, he married them. Cao Pi sighed for this and issued an imperial edict saying: "Hua situ is a rare elder in the country. His behavior is in line with the way of heaven and earth, and deeply wins the hearts of the people. Today, all the senior officials have delicious dishes. He is the only one who simply serves vegetables with rice, and does not care much about it. " Therefore, he gave Hua Xin his own clothes and made clothes for his wife and family.

At that time, the three governments put forward a proposal to the Emperor: "the recommendation of filial piety and honesty was originally based on moral standards, and there was no need to take Confucian classics as the content of the examination." Hua Xin thought that "since the chaos, no one has read the six classics any more, and morality has also declined. The most urgent task is to re advocate Confucianism and respect benevolence as the core of kingcraft. The standard of selecting officials determines the rise and fall of the country. I'm afraid that if we don't take the six classics examination today, the wind of reading will decline. If there is a special outstanding or special expertise and the lack of knowledge of the six classics, they can be appointed as special talents. The worry is the lack of such special talents. Don't worry about not being elected. " Cao Pi followed his advice.

Recommending Guan Ning

At the beginning of Cao Pi's accession to the throne, he issued an imperial edict to ask the court ministers to recommend a hermit to him. Hua Xin recommended Guan Ning, and Cao Pi sent a car to meet him.

In May 226, when Cao Pi died, the crown prince Cao Rui ascended the throne. He granted Huaxin the title of Boping Marquis, and increased the number of households to 500, which was 1300. In December of the same year, he changed the title of Huaxin to Taiwei. Huaxin claimed illness and asked to retire. He was willing to transfer the post of Taiwei to guanning, but the emperor did not agree. At the banquet meeting, the court officials sent the cavalry to wait on the court, Miao attack, and declared to Hua Xin in the imperial edict: "I take over these complicated affairs in a day. I'm afraid that it's difficult to distinguish right from wrong and make wrong decisions. Fortunately, there are virtuous ministers around me, but you often refuse with illness. The ancients did have those who chose the monarch, refused to be an official, abandoned Ronglu, and did not take his place, but the Duke of Zhou and Yiyin were not. It's what other people should do to keep clean and serve the country, but I dare not let you do the same. You should overcome the trouble of illness and attend the court meeting. I'll leave my stool empty and stand before the banquet. I'll order all the civil and military officials to stand like me. I have to wait for your arrival. Only then can I take my seat. " He also gave a special warning to Miao: "you can only come back when Hua Xin gets up for the meeting." Hua Xin had no choice but to attend the meeting. At that time, Fu Weiyao got up in the sedan chair, so it was not convenient for them to get up and down. Since then, the three countries have taken this practice as an old rule.

Stop fighting

In the fourth year of Taihe (230), Emperor Ming of Wei sent Cao Zhen to march into Shu Han from Ziwu Road (the passage from Guanzhong to Hanzhong). The emperor drove eastward to Xuchang. Hua Xin had a chance to meet Emperor Ming of Wei. In this regard, Hua Xin boldly analyzed the political situation of the world and put forward the idea of xiuwende. He said: "the people are the foundation of the country, and the people are the foundation of food and clothing". Therefore, we should pay attention to agricultural production and stabilize the people. If there is no hunger and cold in the great Wei Dynasty, and the people are not in the mood of leaving their hometown, then the world can be well governed; if the education of sages and sages can be deepened day by day, then People from afar will feel awe and virtue, and the people of Wu and Shu will also be attached. Hua Xin believed that first of all, we should pay attention to the holy way of governing the country and use it only when we have to. At that time, Huaxin's sincere words deeply moved emperor Wei Ming, and it happened to rain heavily in autumn. Emperor Wei Ming finally obeyed Huaxin's suggestion and ordered Cao Zhen to withdraw.

In the first month of the fifth year of Taihe (231), Cao Rui gave Huaxin articles and clothes to show his concern.

On the fifth day of December in the fifth year of Taihe (January 30, 232), Hua Xin passed away at the age of 75, posthumous title Jinghou. At first, Emperor Wen separated a part of Huaxin's Huyi and granted it to Huaji, Huaxin's younger brother. His son Huabiao was also a hereditary knight, and later served as a minister.

Character evaluation

Chen Deng: Yuanqing, Yujie, courtesy and law, I respect Huaziyu.

Taishici: huazi has good virtue, but he is not a strategic person. He has no other rules and is only self-defense.

Sun Ce: the governor's virtue and fame are far and near.

Yu Fan: I've heard that Ming Fu and Bi Jun are both famous in Zhongzhou. Although they live in the East, they always look forward to them.

Zhuge

Chinese PinYin : Zi Yu