The well is not the curtain

The well is not the curtain

Jingwumu (from February 12, 1888 to November 21, 1918), formerly known as Jingquan, was later known as Wenyuan. His pen name was xiamo. He was born in Dashizi lane, Pucheng County, Shaanxi Province. His ancestral home was jingjiayuan village, Guangyang Town, Pucheng County (now belonging to Yintai District, Tongchuan City). He was one of the pioneers and outstanding leaders of the 1911 Revolution in Shaanxi Province. He was praised as the "pillar of Northwest revolution" by Dr. Sun Yat Sen. Jingwumu was intelligent, studious and ambitious in his childhood. In December 1903, he studied in Japan and studied Japanese and general subjects in Tokyo Dacheng middle school. He was an early student studying in Japan in Shaanxi Province. In 1905, he joined the alliance, and then returned to Shaanxi development organization under the order of Sun Yat Sen as the head of Shaanxi Branch. In 1906, he went to Japan again and established the Shaanxi Branch of the alliance with Zhao Shiyu in Tokyo. In 1918, he was killed by a traitor in Xingping County, Shaanxi Province, at the age of 31. In order to remember the immortal merits of Jing, the army and people of Shaanxi changed the name of Sifu street where Jing lived in Xi'an to Jingjiang street, and chiseled a door on the wall at the south end of the street, named Wumu gate (today's small South Gate). On June 12, 1919, he was awarded the rank of general of the army by the Grand Marshal of Sun Yat Sen's Dharma protector in Guangzhou. On November 19, 1945, he was awarded the rank of general of the National Revolutionary Army by the national government.

Life of the characters

Grow up and study abroad

Jing Wumu's father died at the age of 4. He was Jing Yuexiu's younger brother. On August 20, 1905, Kang Xinfu, a fellow of Shaanxi Province, introduced him to join the Chinese League. Commander in chief of Shaanxi Jingguo army, one of the pioneers and outstanding leaders of the 1911 Revolution in Shaanxi. When he was young, he was intelligent and eager to learn, and had little ambition. He went to Sichuan in his early years and met Xiong Kewu and other revolutionaries. He studied in Japan in December 1903. In the winter of 1905, he was appointed by Sun Yat Sen as the head of the Shaanxi Branch of the alliance, and returned to Shaanxi to organize the alliance. In the summer of 1906, he went to Japan for the second time to prepare for the establishment of the Shaanxi Branch of the alliance. On the one hand, he learned how to make bombs, and on the other hand, he served as a text propaganda, which was highly valued by Sun Yat Sen. In 1907, he returned to Shaanxi to contact the party and swordsman, and then went to Japan for the third time. In February 1908, he participated in the founding of the magazine Xiasheng in Tokyo, and wrote articles to publicize the revolution. On the No. 3 issue of Xiasheng magazine, he published an article entitled "new trends of thought in the 20th century" under the pseudonym of "xiamo". In October of the same year, he returned to Shaanxi and took part in the anti Qing student movement in Shaanxi.

Directing the uprising

In the spring of 1910, under the order of the headquarters of the alliance, he went back to Shaanxi to organize an uprising and participated in the alliance between the alliance and the elder brother's Association. In the autumn of the same year, he went to Hong Kong to participate in the planning of Guangzhou Uprising. After the failure of Guangzhou Uprising on April 27, 1911, he returned to Shaanxi in May and plotted with Zhang Yunshan, Wan Bingnan and other members of the Gelaohui party to prepare for a large-scale uprising. In June, he went to Xi'an to observe the enemy situation with Yang Shuji and others. In August, Zou Ziliang was sent to Weibei to contact swordsman, Wang Rongzhen to Sichuan, and Chen Degui to Shanxi to contact the party. In late September, Zhang Juting brought back the headquarters of the alliance from the South and ordered to inform the whole country that the simultaneous uprising on October 6 would be organized by the provincial revolutionary parties. After the outbreak of the revolution of 1911 in October, he served as the appeasement envoy on the North Road of the Shaanxi military government. In 1912, he was appointed as the deputy director of the Inspection Bureau by the Nanjing Provisional National Government, but he didn't take office because of Shaanxi affairs. In the same year, the alliance was reorganized into the Kuomintang and was appointed Vice Minister of the Shaanxi Branch of the Kuomintang. In 1913, he took part in the "second revolution" and attacked Yuan Shikai. After his defeat, he fled to Japan. In 1915, he went to Yunnan to participate in the national defense war and served as chief of staff of Xiong Kewu's department. In March 1917, he was appointed Daoyin of Guanzhong. In August of the same year, he left his job and lived in Xi'an. In November 1918, he went to Sanyuan to take up the post of commander in chief of Shaanxi Jingguo army.

Being killed

On November 21, 1918, he was killed by Li Dongcai, a staff officer of Guojian Department of the first route of the Yasukuni army, when he was only 30 years old. On June 12, 1919, he was awarded the rank of general of the army by the Grand Marshal of Sun Yat Sen's Dharma protector's office in Guangzhou. In 1929, 34 National Party members, including Jiao Zijing, Li tongxuan, Liu Zhizhou, Jing Dingcheng, Wang Zizhong, fan Zidong, Meng junseng and sun weiru, set up the monument. Song Zheyuan, chairman of Shaanxi provincial government, wrote an article and Mao Changjie wrote the monument to Mr. Jing, which was set up in Xi'an revolutionary park. He was awarded the rank of general of the National Revolutionary Army by the national government on November 19, 1945. Sun Yat Sen was hailed as the "rising star" of the revolution and the "pillar of the northwest revolution". On December 23, 1945, the 27th anniversary of Wumu's death, the Nanjing government sent Yu Youren, President of supervision, to Shaanxi to preside over the funeral. He welcomed Wumu's coffin from Pucheng to Xi'an revolutionary Park and held a public ceremony. At the same time, the "Sanyuan public memorial ceremony for Mr. jingwumu" was held in Sanyuan. At the end of the meeting, Linggui was moved to Shaolingyuan (now in Chang'an County) in the southern suburb of Xi'an, and 12 mu of land was allocated to build a cemetery, hold a grand burial ceremony, set up a tombstone, and set up a memorial archway with Chiang Kai Shek's inscription "to the army general's Tomb of Mr. zuijing Wumu" at the intersection, which is highly respected. On the occasion of commemorating the 70th anniversary of the 1911 Revolution in 1981, the old tomb of Wumu was renovated.

Revolutionary course

In the winter of 1903, the 15-year-old went to Japan to study. On August 20, 1905, he joined the alliance founded by Sun Yat sen in Tokyo. At the same time, he wanted Shaanxi to set up this organization as soon as possible, so he asked Sun Yat Sen to return home. Sun Yat Sen was moved by his youth and ambition, so he agreed to his request to return home. After returning to Shaanxi, he went to various counties in Weibei to publicize the program of the alliance and secretly developed more than 30 members. Shaanxi Branch of the alliance was established. On the eve of the revolution of 1911, the anti Qing tide in Shaanxi was surging, which was inseparable from jingwumu's careful planning and active running. In two or three years after the summer and autumn of 1906, he went to Japan twice. In addition to studying and preparing for the establishment of the Tokyo Shaanxi Branch of the alliance, he returned to China in February 1907 and went to the south to meet Huang Xing and Qiu Jin in person to understand the revolutionary forms. Later, he went to Japan to report to Wu Yuzhang, head of the alliance's Tokyo headquarters. This time, I lived in Tokyo for one year. On the one hand, I studied the international and domestic situation and trends of thought, and on the other hand, I planned for Shaanxi students studying in Japan to set up Xiasheng magazine in Tokyo. He published many articles under the pseudonyms of "fearless" and "chivalrous devil", exposing the darkness and corruption of the Qing government, propagating the idea of democracy and Republic, and supporting the domestic anti Qing struggle. In the autumn of 1908, the Pu case broke out. Jingwumu then published the article "Pu case sentiment" in the eighth issue of Xiasheng magazine, exposing the criminal acts of Li Tiren, the magistrate of Pucheng County, who closed the school, beat teachers and students, violated the law and abused punishment, and neglected human lives. Under the pressure of public opinion at home and abroad, the Qing government finally dismissed Li Tiren. In the spring of 1909, Yu Youren was arrested by the house captors of the British concession in Shanghai for founding minhu daily to promote the revolution. Jingwumu immediately published an article in the sound of summer to expose the truth of the incident and appeal for public opinion to support justice, which caused shock at home and abroad. The British side finally had to release Yu Youren. In particular, in 1908, the long political article "the new trend of thought in the 20th century" was published, praising the theory of socialism, pointing out that the capitalist system as a "sunset, will be gone, and the dark clouds cover the air", "the wave of the sky, that is, the new trend of thought of socialism". This is the first article to introduce Marxism in the whole province and even in the whole country. After the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government, Sun Yat Sen became the provisional president, but Yuan Shikai won the victory. At this time, there was a division within the alliance, and some people turned to Yuan Shikai. However, jingwumu always insisted on revolution and resolutely opposed Yuan Shikai's perverse actions. In December 1915, Yuan Shikai conspired to claim the title of emperor, and the tide of anti yuan anger swept across the country. Jingwumu agreed with Xiong Zhiwu and others to fight against yuan in Shanghai, and then went to Yunnan to take part in the struggle against yuan. He served as a staff officer and former commander-in-chief of the enemy, and fought in Huzhou and Xufu areas of Sichuan Province. Later, in response to the anti yuan struggle in Shaanxi, he disguised himself as a peddler and went back to Shaanxi on foot. At this time, Yuan Shikai died of fear in the whole country, but Shaanxi was still under the control of Chen Shufan, a pawn of Duan Qirui, a warlord of Anhui. Jing Wumu was very angry, so he went to Beijing to contact the revolutionaries and fight against Chen Shufan. In December 1917, in response to the call of Sun Yat Sen's Guangdong military government, Shaanxi Kuomintang revolutionaries opposed Duan Qirui, a northern warlord, abandoning the provisional constitution and establishing the Yasukuni army, which started the war of protecting the law. Yu Youren was invited from Shanghai by the Kuomintang in Shaanxi to serve as commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi Yasukuni army. He divided his forces to attack Chen's army in six ways. Chen Shufan panicked and asked Jing Wumu to go to Sanyuan (Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province) as a mediator in an attempt to disintegrate the Yasukuni army by taking advantage of Jing's reputation. In October 1918, ye Quan, commander of the Eighth Army of Yunnan's Yasukuni army, led his troops to aid Shaanxi and arrived in Fengxiang County, where Guo Jian of the first route army was stationed. In the middle of November, Jing Wumu and his party went to Fengxiang to comfort ye bu. When Jing Wumu returned to Sanyuan and passed through Xingping (Xingping County, Shaanxi Province), they suddenly received a letter from Guo Jian asking Jing Wumu to attend a military meeting in nanrenbao, Xingping on the 21st. Jingwumu knew that it was dangerous to attend the meeting, but he thought, "as long as it is good for the revolution, I am not afraid of sacrifice. "And stay on schedule. As a result, as soon as he arrived, he was killed by Li Dongcai, a 31 year old battalion commander of Guo Jian, an internal scum of the Yasukuni army colluded with Chen Shufan. On the 23rd, when he arrived at nanrenbao with only four guards, he was shot twice in the back by Li Dongcai's men and died immediately. "Li Dongcai, Chen's subordinates, and ye's army arrived in Longzhou. Li Yili was defeated by feigning surrender. However, Chen's family had a secret seal, so he would like to be the leader of the Democratic Party

Chinese PinYin : Jing Wu Mu