du shenyan

du shenyan

Du Shenyan (about 645-708) was born in Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei Province). He was a distant descendant of Du Yu, a general in the south of Jin Dynasty, and the grandfather of Du Fu, a poet.

He was born in the Du family of Jingzhao. Tang Gaozong Xianheng Jinshi, once served as Xicheng Wei, Luoyang Cheng and other small officials, tired official xiuwenguan straight bachelor, Tang Zhongzong, because of contact with Zhang Yizhi brothers, was exiled to Fengzhou (now Southeast of Nanyue Lake).

Du Shenyan, Li Qiao, Cui Rong and Su Wei are known as the "four friends of the article". They are one of the founders of the "modern style poetry" in the Tang Dynasty. His five character poems are strict in rhyme. The original collection has been lost, and later generations compiled the collection of Du Shenyan's poems.

Life of the characters

Du Shenyan was born in Jingzhao Du family. His father Du Yiyi was the magistrate of Gongxian County (now Gongyi County, Henan Province). His family moved to Gongxian County. Promoted Jinshi, Xi Cheng Wei, relying on high talent, to see disease proud of the world. Su Wei, the official servant of heaven, made a judgment in his judgment, saying, "the taste will die." People were surprised to ask, so they answered, "when I see my judgment, I am ashamed to die." Another taster said, "my article should be an official of Qu and Song Dynasties, and my pen should be to the north of Wang Xizhi." This is the type of its birth. Tired moved to Luoyang Cheng, sit things demoted Jizhou Si Hu to join the army.

Sima Zhou Jitong and Si Hu Guo ruona were sentenced to death. Ji Tong and other drunken, trial speech son and 13 years, sleeve blade thorn season heavy than seat, left and right kill and. Ji Tong will die, said: "trial words have filial son, I don't know, if not so wrong me." He was dismissed from office and returned to Dongdu. Su (tingye) injured and Xiaolie, Zhiqi tomb, Liu Yunji sacrifice to the text. Empress Wu called for a trial speech and asked, "do you like it?" After examining the words and dancing, he ordered the Fu "joyful poem" and sighed its article. He was awarded the book Zuo Lang and the member of the food department Wai Lang. At the beginning of Shenlong, Zhang Yizhi was in Liufeng state. He entered the Imperial Academy as the master of the Imperial Academy, and was a direct Bachelor of xiuwenguan. Li Qiao, a Bachelor of Arts, and others, are invited to present them to the author. In the early days of the Qing Dynasty, song Zhiwen and Wuping were seriously ill. They answered, "what's the matter with you? But I've been here for a long time, and now I'm dead, and I'm very relieved, but I hate to see the "substitute" cloud. Du Shenyan, together with Li Qiao, Cui Rong and Su Wei, is known as the "four friends of the article" of the world. The death of fusion, trial words for service fine cloud. When we judge, we will have a child, and a child will have leisure. (Biography of Du Shenyan and biography of Tang gifted scholars)

Du Shenyan is a descendant of Du Yu in the Western Jin Dynasty. In the first year of Xianheng, he joined song Shoujie, the number one scholar, in the rank of Jinshi, and served as the county captain of Xicheng. Trial speech by virtue of their own ability, arrogant, was hated by all. When Su Wei was the Minister of Tianguan, he once said that he would take part in the preliminary election of officials. When he came out, he asked others, "Su Wei will die." Hearing this, he was very surprised. He asked why. Shen Yan replied, "when he saw my verdict, he should die of shame." Shen Yan once said, "my articles made Qu Yuan and Song Yu's Fu subordinates, and my calligraphy made Wang Xizhi a student." His arrogance is like this. Later, he was demoted to Jizhou Si Hu to join the army. When Wu Zetian recalled him and was ready to reuse him, she asked him, "are you happy?" Shen Yan danced and showed her gratitude. Empress Wu ordered him to write a happy poem, which satisfied Empress Wu and was appointed as a writer. Later, he became a straight Bachelor of Xiuwen until he died of illness. When he was seriously ill, song Zhiwen and Wu Ping once went to see him. He said to them, "I've suffered a lot. What else can I say! But I'm still alive, and I'm always keeping you out. Now I'm dying, but I'm sorry I can't find someone to replace me When he was young, Du Shenyan was as famous as Li Qiao, Cui Rong and Su Wei, and he was also known as the "four friends of the article". There are ten volumes of anthologies left behind him, which are no longer handed down today. Only more than 40 poems have been handed down.

In the first year of Xianheng (670 AD), Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty was promoted to the rank of Jinshi, who was the Xi Cheng Wei. Later he turned to Luoyang Cheng. In the first year of Empress Wu Shengli (698 AD), he was demoted to Jizhou to join the army. But at this time, they offended Guo ruona, a colleague, and Zhou Jitong, the chief executive. They conspired to frame Du Shenyan and sentenced him to death. Du Shenyan's 13-year-old son, Du Bing, avenged his father and sneaked in to assassinate Zhou Jitong. Du Bing was also killed on the spot by bodyguards. The situation shocked the government and the public, and they all called Du bing a filial son. Su Chen, the great master of Xu state in Yan Dynasty, also made an epitaph for Du Bing himself.

When Wu Zetian heard about it, she summoned Shen Yan to the capital. Because of her appreciation of her poems, she was awarded the book Zuo Lang and the official to Wai Lang, a member of the catering department. Later, he was exiled to Fengzhou for colluding with Zhang Yizhi's brother. Soon after, he was recalled to be the master of the Imperial Academy and the direct Bachelor of xiuwenguan.

He died in the second year of Jinglong (708 A.D.) and presented it to zuolang.

Most of Du Shenyan's poems are composed of scenery, harmony and response, which are well known for their profundity Working on the five rhythms, he made a great contribution to the formation and development of modern poetry. He was commented by later generations as the founder of Chinese five character metrical poetry. His five temperament, a spring outing with Lu Cheng in Jinling, was praised by Hu Yinglin of Ming Dynasty as the first five temperament in early Tang Dynasty. His five character rhythms, the first long poem in the early Tang Dynasty.

Historical evaluation

Wang Fuzhi: as for Du Shenyan, he started his career in Du.

Ji Yun: a warning. To start with it is to skip one layer, and to catch the problem is to be tight. If you know this, you will not have the disease of tongtao.

Hu Yinglin: in the early Tang Dynasty, there was no seven character rule, and the five character rule was not transcendent. Du Shenyan initiated the idea of two styles.

interpersonal relationship

madam

Xue family

Fan Yang's Lu family is the granddaughter of Lu Rou, the official of the Ministry of officials and the Marquis of Rongcheng in the Sui Dynasty, the granddaughter of Lu Yuanyi, the Wei Nan Wei, and the daughter of Lu Yuanzhe, the county magistrate of Shenxian County in Luzhou

children

The eldest son: Du Xian

Second son: Du Bing

Third son: Du Zhuan (Kaifeng captain)

Fourth son: Du Deng

Du: married to Wei Shangyu

Du's marriage to Prince Ji

Du's family: married to Sikang of Pingyang County to join the army Fan Yang and Lu Zhengjun

Du family: marry Xiashi Wei Jing Zhao Wang You

Du's marriage to Changshu

Main works

work

There are 10 volumes of collected works, which have been lost.

The Song Dynasty engraved one volume of the collection of Du Shenyan and collected 43 poems.

poems

Commemoration of later generations

Du Shenyan was buried in his ancestral tomb in front of Shouyang mountain in Yanshi. After more than 100 years, Du Fu's remains were buried here with his grandfather. Du Shenyan's tomb is located in Chengguan No.3 middle school (formerly Dulou middle school) in Dulou village, Chengguan Town, Yanshi City, Henan Province. Du Fu's cemetery is in the school, and Du Shenyan's tomb is also inside.

Chinese PinYin : Du Shen Yan