EPQ

EPQ

Yi Peiji (1880-1937) was born on February 28, 1880 in Shanhua, Hunan Province. He was the president of Hunan provincial first normal school and the first president of the Palace Museum. His younger brother is Yi Baisha, a modern thinker.

He graduated from Hunan dialect school and studied in Japan. He joined the alliance and took part in the Wuchang Uprising. He was the Secretary of vice president Li Yuanhong of the Republic of China. In October 1925, the Palace Museum was established as a director and director of the museum. In 1933, he was wronged for stealing treasures from the Forbidden City. He was forced to resign as the president of the Imperial Palace and moved to Tianjin to transfer to the French concession in Shanghai. In his later years, he lived in a miserable situation. He died in September 1937 at the age of 57.

Life of the characters

Unwilling to follow Li Yuanhong to Yuan Shikai, he abandoned his post and returned to Hunan. He successively served as a teacher of Hunan Higher Normal School, Changsha normal school and Hunan provincial first normal school, and had a close relationship with Mao Zedong. He has been fond of ancient books and cultural relics all his life. He has been involved in the identification of ancient books and paintings for more than 30 years. He has collected more than 10 editions of song and Yuan Dynasties, nearly 500 editions of Ming Dynasty, more than 50 editions of Dian Dynasty and 1300 inscriptions. After the book collection of Yuan Fangying in Hunan Province was scattered, he bought a lot of books. Wang Lipei's collection of books in Xiangxiang was also acquired by him. Rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare rare. In the winter of 1919, he took part in the movement of expelling Zhang (Jingyao) and was elected as the representative of business circles. After Zhang Jingyao was expelled in June 1920, Tan Yankai was in charge of Hunan Province. He served as Secretary General of Hunan provincial government office, chairman of education administrative committee, director of Provincial Library and President of Hunan First Normal School. In the first division, he carried out educational reform, advocated heuristic education, changed the old style of study, and replaced a number of teachers with stale ideas. He encouraged the organization of all kinds of progressive groups, the opening of the women's ban, the implementation of coeducation, the abolition of the prison, the organization of student autonomy, also invited Dewey, Russell, Zhang Taiyan, Cai Yuanpei and other celebrities and Zhou Gucheng, Xu Teli, Li Da, Li Weihan, Tian Han and other trendy people and things of the May 4th movement to give lectures in the first division, spread new ideas. In November 1920, Zhao hengti forced Tan Yankai to take over the Hunan government, and he was forced to resign as the principal of the first division. In 1923, the war between Tan and Zhao broke out. He actively participated in the activities of supporting Tan and overthrowing Zhao. He was appointed by Tan Yankai as his personal representative in Shanghai and Sun Yat Sen as his representative. In 1924, Sun Yat Sen joined forces with Duan Qirui and Zhang zuolin to oppose the lineage. He was once again appointed as Sun Yat Sen's plenipotentiary in Beijing to negotiate with Soviet minister garahan on the distribution of the Boxer Indemnity. After the outbreak of the second Zhifeng war, Feng Yuxiang went back to Beijing and expelled Cao Kun. Huang Ying organized a regent cabinet, and he was the chief minister of education. In March 1926, he launched an anti imperialist demonstration among students and citizens of Beijing's colleges and universities. Duan Qirui was wanted by the government. He lived in seclusion in Changsha and later became the president of Shanghai Labor University. After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, Tan Yankai, Li Shizeng, Zhang Jingjiang, Wu Zhihui and others strongly recommended him as a member of the central political conference of the Kuomintang and Minister of agriculture and mining. Before long, he was also the president and curator of the Palace Museum. Because of the power dispute within the Kuomintang, he was soon removed from his post other than the president of the Palace Museum. Later, in order to balance relations, Chiang Kai Shek appointed him president of Beijing Normal University.

The truth of the Palace Museum treasure theft case

Guangming Daily, November 29, 1999

The truth of the Palace Museum treasure theft case

Li Li

A few days ago, the newspapers reported an old story 70 years ago, detailing that there was a heated debate about the abolition of the Palace Museum by the Kuomintang government in Nanjing at that time. The Palace Museum finally got good results because of the generous speech of Zhang Ji, then vice president of the Legislative Yuan of the national government and director of the cultural relics management committee.

Sensational event

In fact, not long after that, another big event happened in the Palace Museum - the shocking "treasure stealing case" by Yi Peiji, President of the Palace Museum. And it was Zhang Ji who started this disgraceful farce. Yi Peiji is a native of Hunan Province. Mao Zedong was his student when he taught in the first normal school of Hunan Province in his early years. Mao Zedong was very sad when he learned of Yi Peiji's death in Yan'an. In his talk with snow, he expressed his deep memory for the teacher. In the 1920s, Yi Peiji served as a consultant and member of the Qingshi rehabilitation committee dealing with the affairs of the Forbidden City. In October 1928, the Nanjing National Government issued the organic law of the Palace Museum, the regulations of the Council and the list of 27 directors appointed. When the Council met in Nanjing, it was presumed that Li Shizeng (Yuying), a veteran of the Kuomintang, was the chairman of the Council, Yi Peiji, who was proficient in cultural relics and classics, was the first president, and Zhang Ji (Puquan) was appointed as the vice president. They were all executive directors of the Council. When the personnel arrangement of the Nanjing government was announced, Yi Peiji, President of the Nanjing government, was absent due to illness. It is reasonable that Zhang Ji, vice president, should be in charge of the work. But Yi Peiji, the president of the hospital, disagreed. Afterwards, he explained: "Pu Quan is nervous. He has to listen to Mrs. nerve's control, so he can't be in charge. That's what Shizeng means For this reason, Zhang Ji was very unhappy and had a bad relationship with Yi Peiji. Zhang Ji, a native of Cangxian County, Hebei Province, met Dr. Sun Yat sen in Yokohama in 1902 and participated in the founding of Huaxing society. He joined the alliance in Tokyo in 1905 and was highly valued by Dr. Sun Yat Sen before and after the revolution of 1911. In 1924, when the KMT and CPC cooperated for the first time, he opposed Sun Yat Sen's three major policies of uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party and supporting agriculture and industry, and was expelled from the party. In 1926, as the leader of the Xishan conference group, Zhang Ji presided over the illegal Second National Congress of the Kuomintang in Shanghai, and became a tripartite party in the Kuomintang. In September 1927, the three factions of the Kuomintang United on the basis of counter revolution. In the following year, Zhang Ji became Vice President of the Judicial Yuan of the national government and chairman of the Peiping political branch. Mrs. Zhang, Cui Zhenhua, is a well-known "lion roaring from the East" in the upper class of the Kuomintang. As her husband, the elder of the alliance, the predecessor of the Kuomintang, she served as the vice president of the judiciary in the national government and also the chairman of the national cultural relics administration committee. She was worried that she could not control the power of the National Palace Museum, which laid a bomb to be triggered. According to the appointment of the national government, Zhang Ji was the curator of the Palace Museum, and Li xuanbo (zongdong), Yi Peiji's son-in-law and Li Shizeng's nephew, was the Secretary-General, in charge of the daily affairs of the Palace Museum.

Foreshadowing

This arrangement of personnel arrangement foreshadows the case of "stealing treasures from the Forbidden City". After the September 18th Incident, Peking was in imminent danger. Colleges and universities were planning to move south, and the Palace Museum was also planning to move away from Peking. With the approval of the Nanjing government, the Beiping Palace Museum has successively transported more than 13000 boxes of antiquities to Shanghai in five batches to avoid falling into the hands of Japanese invaders. As the executive director of the Palace Museum, Zhang Ji spared no effort to monitor the various decisions of the Palace Museum. The Council of the museum approved the budget of 60000 yuan for relocation fee and Zhang Ji's proposal that the library should be moved to Xi'an under his charge and that one third of the relocation fee should be controlled by him. Unexpectedly, acting premier Song Ziwen vetoed the plan to transport the Beiping Palace Museum Cultural Relics to Xi'an, and demanded that all the relics be moved to the Shanghai concession. This time, Li xuanbo went to Nanjing to ask for instructions, so Zhang Ji suspected that it was Li's ghost, so he was even more dissatisfied with Li. Because of his qualifications and many positions in the Kuomintang and the government, Zhang Ji was often ignored in the future decision-making of the Palace Museum, and even lost face in front of his subordinates. His frustration led him to be increasingly dissatisfied with Yi Peiji and Li xuanbo, the powerful figures in the Palace Museum. He hated them to the bone, so he had to get rid of them. So Zhang Ji and his wife instigated Zheng lie, the director of the Supreme Court's procuratorial office, who was promoted by Zhang himself, to bribe witnesses in many ways, accusing Yi and Li of illegally occupying the palace museum treasures. Cui Zhenhua sued Secretary General Li, President of Yi, for private possession of cultural relics, referring to the sale of a number of articles unrelated to Literature and history by the Palace Museum in the winter of 1931. Since the spring of 1929, in order to ensure the funds for the cultural relics of the Palace Museum, several directors put forward suggestions on handling irrelevant cultural and historical objects, and drafted rules and regulations, which were submitted to the Nanjing Executive Yuan. According to the rules of the provisional supervisory committee approved by the Executive Yuan, in June 1931, the Palace Museum hired people from all walks of life in Pingjin to set up a provisional supervisory committee to discuss the disposal of irrelevant cultural and historical objects in the Palace Museum.

At the meeting, the provisional supervisory committee stated the following principles

1、 The articles to be disposed of must have nothing to do with literature and history; 2. The proceeds from the sale of the articles shall be used for the construction and printing of the Forbidden City, and no other use shall be allowed; 3. There are two ways to dispose of the above-mentioned articles: bidding and auction.

a handle

Since then, the provisional Regulatory Commission has held regular meetings and agreed on the specific steps of disposing of the articles as follows: first, medicinal materials, second, food, and then silk and leather goods. However, in the operation of pricing silk and satin, in order to encourage more sales, preferential prices were set at that time. For those who purchase more than 2000 yuan, 25% off; for those who purchase more than 3000 yuan, 70% off. For the first time, Secretary General Li xuanbo bought two or three hundred yuan leather goods. After a period of time, he bought more than 2500 yuan of goods, which met the 25% discount. It was suggested that he buy another two or three hundred yuan, which would be a good deal with the last two times. If the price exceeds 3000 yuan, it will be 70% off. In order to seek small profits, li really did so. As a result, he gave others a handle and became one of his crimes of bending the law for personal gain. As a result, Li became the second defendant in the Yi case. Zhang Ji and his wife and Zheng lie tried to bribe witnesses to accuse Yi and Li of using the Palace Museum sale incident when Yi Peiji presided over the relocation of cultural relics to the south. On October 18, 1933, he was caught by Yi Peiji

Chinese PinYin : Yi Pei Ji