Zheng zhuanggong

Zheng zhuanggong

Zheng zhuanggong (757-701 BC), surnamed Ji and surnamed Zheng, was the third monarch of the state of Zheng in the Zhou Dynasty (743-701 BC). He was a politician in the early spring and Autumn period and was known as "Zheng zhuanggong" in history.

In the 27th year of zhengwugong (744 BC), zhengwugong died of illness, and the crown prince gasheng inherited the throne. In the 22nd year of zhengzhuanggong's reign (722 BC), Zhengzhuang fairly ruled out the rebellion of his younger brother shuduan and eliminated the internal troubles of the country. In the following ten years, Zheng, song, Wei and other States fought against each other. In the 37th year of zhengzhuanggong (707 BC), King Huan of Zhou led the army to attack the state of Zheng, and zhengzhuanggong led the army to fight against it in Menge. While successfully protecting himself, he destroyed the prestige of the emperor of Zhou, which is known as the "battle of Menge". On May 7, the 43rd year of zhengzhuanggong (701 BC), zhengzhuanggong died at the age of 57. His posthumous title was "Zhuang", so he was called "zhengzhuanggong" in history.

During the reign of Zheng Zhuang Gong, the political situation was relatively stable; economically, Zheng Zhuang Gong attached importance to agriculture and commerce, actively developed commodity economy, and constantly enhanced the country's economic strength; diplomatically, Zheng Zhuang Gong used external forces to remove the obstacles on the way of Zheng State, and finally made Zheng state known as "small bully" in the feudal lords.

(overview photo source: complete annals of the states of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty)

Life of the characters

Ascend the throne as a young man

In the 14th year of zhengwugong (757 BC), Wujiang, the husband of zhengwugong, gave birth to his eldest son. When he gave birth to his eldest son, it was difficult to give birth (controversial). Wu Jiang was frightened, so he named him "Yi Sheng" and hated him.

In 754 BC, Wujiang gave birth to his second son shuduan. Because he gave birth to shuduan naturally, Wujiang liked shuduan very much and asked Zhengwu Gongshu Duan to be the crown prince for many times, but he didn't agree.

In the 27th year of zhengwugong (744 BC), zhengwugong fell ill. Wujiang asked zhengwugong's uncle Duan to be the crown prince, but zhengwugong still didn't agree. In the same year, Zheng Wugong died of illness, and the crown prince gasheng inherited the throne, known as "Zheng zhuanggong".

Ke Duan Yu Yan

See: the rebellion of Gongshu Duan

In 743 BC, Wujiang asked Zhengzhuang Duke to seal shuduan to Zhiyi (now Sishui Town, Xingyang City, Henan Province). Zheng zhuanggong said: "Zhiyi is a dangerous place. Uncle Guo died there. It's not suitable to be granted to Duan. Other cities only follow his mother's orders." Wu Jiang then asked Zheng zhuanggong to grant shuduan the capital (more than 20 Li southeast of Xingyang city in Henan Province) and let shuduan live in the capital. Shuduan called himself "taishu", and Jingyi called him "uncle of the capital". In this regard, the doctor Jizhong remonstrated: "if the city wall of the capital exceeds the scale of one hundred cities, it will be harmful to the country. According to the system, the walls of large cities should not be more than one-third of the capital, medium cities should not be more than one-fifth, and small cities should not be more than one ninth. The capital city is bigger than the capital city, so it is not suitable to be the capital of my younger brother. Today, the city walls of Beijing are illegal. If they are not allowed by the legal system, I'm afraid they will be bad for you. " Zheng zhuanggong said, "this is my mother's request. I dare not oppose it. How can I avoid the disaster?" Ji Zhong said, "is there a time when you are satisfied? It's better to change a fief for taishu as soon as possible, so as not to let his power grow and spread. Once his power grows and spreads, it will be difficult to deal with. The spread of weeds can not be eradicated, let alone your beloved brother? " Zheng zhuanggong said, "if you do more unjust things, it will certainly harm you. Just wait and see."

Soon after, shuduan asked the western and northern border towns of Zheng to obey the orders of the capital and their own jurisdiction. Young master Lu said, "a country can't have two monarchs. What are you going to do now? If you are going to hand over the state of Zheng to taishu, then I will help him; otherwise, please get rid of him and don't make the people have doubts. " Zheng zhuanggong said, "don't get rid of him. He'll kill himself." Shuduan also made the border towns of the two genera submit to him, until Liyan (in the north of Yanjin County, Henan Province). Young master Lu said, "you can do it! As the land expands, he will be supported by the people. " Zheng zhuanggong said, "if you are unjust to the monarch and not close to your brother, the land will collapse even if it expands."

In the 22nd year of Zheng zhuanggong (722 BC), shuduan repaired the city's outline, gathered people, built armor and weapons, prepared chariots, and was about to attack the capital of Zheng State. Wu Jiang planned to open the city gate for him in the city. When Zheng zhuanggong learned the date of shuduan's army, he said, "you can do it." So he sent troops to attack shuduan, and shuduan fled back to Beijing. Zheng zhuanggong ordered his son Lu to lead 200 chariots to attack Jingyi. Because the people in Jingyi opposed shuduan, shuduan fled to Yanyi (in the north of Yanling County in Xuchang, Henan). Zheng zhuanggong went to Yanyi to attack him. On May 23, the soldiers of Yanyi broke up and shuduan fled to the Communist state (now Huixian County, Henan Province). After calming down shuduan's rebellion, zhengzhuanggong placed his mother Wujiang in Chengying (now in the northwest of Linying County in Henan Province), and vowed: "we will not meet again until we get to the yellow spring!" But after more than a year, he regretted it. Later, on the advice of Uncle Ying Kao, he "dug the ground to see his mother" and made the mother and son as good as ever.

Zheng Wei fighting each other

In the 22nd year of zhengzhuanggong (722 BC), after shuduan's rebellion failed, Gongsun fled to the state of Wei. Duke Huan of Wei attacked Zheng State for him and occupied Huiyan. Therefore, Zheng Zhuang, together with the emperor of Zhou and Guo State, sent troops to attack the southern border of Wei state. He also asked Ying state to send troops to help him to join the alliance with Yu, the prince of Ying State, who came without the consent of Lu Yin, in Yi Yi Yi of Ying State (now 90 Li southwest of Fei County, Shandong Province). The next year (721 BC), Zheng zhuanggong attacked the Wei state.

In the 24th year of Zheng Zhuang Gong (720 BC), song Mu Gong died, and his son and Yi ascended the throne, known as "Song Shang Gong". Feng (P í ng), the son of the state of song, fled to the state of Zheng, and Zheng Zhuang Gong wanted to send his son Feng back to China as king. In December, the state of Qi and the state of Zheng formed an alliance in Shimen (about 70 Li southwest of today's Changqing District of Shandong Province), which is a continuation of the friendly relationship formed in Luyi (25 Li southwest of today's Changqing District of Shandong Province). About the same month, Zheng Zhuang Gong's car overturned in Jishui.

In March 719, he killed the elder brother of zhengzigong. In order to avenge the enmity of the monarch of the previous generation and the peace between the monarch and the people, the monarch of the state of Wei called on Song Shanggong, Chen HuanGong and Cai Guojun, the monarchs of the state of song, to jointly attack the state of Zheng, encircle the east gate of the capital of the state of Zheng, and withdraw their troops after five days. In autumn, the armies of several countries attacked Zheng again, defeated Zheng's infantry, and took Zheng's millet before ending.

Gratitude and resentment in Dongmen

In April of the 26th year of zhengzhuanggong (718 BC), zhengzhuanggong sent troops to invade the outskirts of Weiguo and retaliated against Weiguo in the battle of Dongmen. The Weiguo people led the army of Nanyan to attack Zhengguo. Zheng zhuanggong sent Jizhong, yuanfan and Xiejia to lead the three armies stationed in front of the Nanyan army, and sent Manbo and Ziyuan to secretly lead the troops behind the Nanyan army. In June, because the Yan army was not wary of the army around, it was defeated in Beizhi (now Xingyang City, Henan Province) by the army led by Manbo and Ziyuan, the sons of Zheng. In September, the army of the state of song plundered the land of Ying, so Ying Ke, the king of Ying, sent an emissary to Zheng and said to Zheng zhuanggong, "please take revenge on the state of Ying for the state of song. Ying is willing to be a guide." Zheng zhuanggong led the army of Zhou Tianzi to join the army of Ying State, attacked the state of song, entered the outer city of the capital of the state of song, and retaliated against the resentment with the state of song in the battle of Dongmen. In December, the people of the Song Dynasty attacked the state of Zheng and surrounded Changge, which is now 20 Li northeast of Changge City in Henan Province, in retaliation for Zheng's invasion of the outer city of the capital.

In the spring of the 27th year of zhengzhuanggong (717 BC), zhengzhuanggong sent envoys to repair the feud with the state of Lu. On May 11, Zheng zhuanggong invaded the state of Chen and captured many people. Before that, Zheng Zhuang Gong asked for a good relationship with Chen Guo, but Chen Huan Gong did not agree. In autumn, the army of Song Kingdom captured Changge of Zheng kingdom. In winter, Zheng zhuanggong began to see King Huan in Chengzhou Dynasty. King Huan of Zhou didn't receive Zheng zhuanggong according to the etiquette because he sent his army to harvest his rice. Duke Huan of Zhou said to King Huan of Zhou: "we moved eastward in Zhou Dynasty, relying on Jin and Zheng. I'm afraid it's too late to treat the state of Zheng well to encourage the later princes, let alone not be treated with courtesy? Zheng will not come again! "

In the autumn of the 28th year of zhengzhuanggong (716 BC), the state of song and the state of Zheng were repaired. On July 17, the two countries formed an alliance in Suyi (about 20 Li southeast of Dongping County, Shandong Province). In winter, Chen Guo and Zheng Guo repaired. On December 2, Chen Tuo of the state of Chen went to Zheng Guoshen to join the club and made an alliance with Zheng zhuanggong. After that, Liang Zuo of Zheng State went to Chen state to participate in the alliance meeting, and made an oath with Chen HuanGong on the 11th. In the same year, Duke Chen Huan asked to marry his daughter to Hu, the son of the state of Zheng. Zheng zhuanggong agreed, so they held an engagement ceremony.

In the 29th year of zhengzhuanggong (715 BC), zhengzhuanggong asked to sacrifice Mount Tai to Duke Zhou, and take the Yitian near Mount Tai (about 37 Li East of today's Feixian County) and the state of Lu for Xutian (in the south of today's Xuchang City, Henan Province). In March, the Duke of Zheng Zhuang sent WANLAI to the state of Lu to be transferred to Yitian, indicating that he would no longer offer sacrifices to Mount Tai. In summer, Duke Fu of Qi asked the states of song, Wei and Zheng to repair. In autumn, the monarchs of song and Wei met with Zheng zhuanggong in Wenyi (now 30 Li southwest of Wenxian County in Henan Province), and formed an alliance in Wawu (now northwest of Wenxian County in Henan Province), abandoning the resentment of the Dongmen battle. In August, Zheng Zhuang Gong led Qi Fu Gong to the court of King Huan of Zhou.

The crusade is not in court

In the summer of the 30th year of zhengzhuanggong (714 BC), song Shanggong was not respectful to King Huan of Zhou Dynasty. At that time, Zheng zhuanggong was appointed as Zuo Qingshi of King Huan of Zhou, and then attacked the state of song in the name of emperor. In winter, Beirong invaded the state of Zheng. Zheng zhuanggong resisted them, but he was worried about the enemy's army

Chinese PinYin : Zheng Zhuang Gong