Qian Xuan
Qian Xuan
Qian Xuan (1239-1299), a famous painter in the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, and Zhao Mengfu were collectively known as "Wu Xing Ba Jun". They are named shunju, Yutan, Xunfeng, Kagawa Weng, Qinggu, chuanweng, xilaoweng, etc. they are from Huzhou (now Wuxing, Zhejiang).
In the third year of JINGDING in the Southern Song Dynasty, he paid tribute to Jinshi, but did not become an official in the Yuan Dynasty. He is good at poetry, calligraphy and painting. The study of painting is very complicated: landscape master Zhao lingxuan; character Master Li Gonglin; flower and bird master Zhao Chang; green landscape master Zhao Boju. Both character and painting were praised at that time. Inheriting Su Shi's theory of literati painting, advocating morale theory and Lijia painting. He advocated "morale" in painting, and wrote poems or postscripts on the paintings, which sprouted the distinctive characteristics of literati painting that closely combined poetry, calligraphy and painting.
Profile
Born in 1239 and died in 1301, he was born in Huzhou (now Wuxing, Zhejiang). At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhao Mengfu, Wang Zizhong, Mou Yinglong and others were called "Wu Xing Ba Jun". He is a famous flower and bird painter from the end of Southern Song Dynasty to the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. Qian Xuan was named shunju, Yutan, Xunfeng, Qingzhen old man, chuanweng, xilianweng and so on. His family had xilianzhai.
Qian Xuan was a tribute scholar in jingdingjian township of Southern Song Dynasty. In the early Yuan Dynasty, Wuxing was known as Bajun. Mengfu was ruled by ludeng Dynasty. All kinds of Hua were attached to each other, and they took the official position. The selection of the only one (Qian) was not in accordance with each other, and they lingered in poetry and painting to end their life. Zhao Lingshen, a landscape master, Li Gonglin, a character master, Zhao Chang, a flower and bird master, and Zhao Boju, a green landscape master, are especially good at making twigs and twigs. He is addicted to alcohol. He can't draw if he is not drunk, but he can't draw if he is absolutely drunk. However, when he reconciles his drunkenness with his heart and hands, he is interested in painting. He does not care about the painting, and often holds it for the good. Nowadays, people who have shrewd illustrations and obscene notes attached to Miao's poems are not writing by themselves, nor by relatives. Work in imitation, try to borrow the picture of white eagle, copy the pool at night, the next day to copy the original, master Fu Jue. The people of the lake have been selected and instructed, and all of them are known for their ability to draw. When Zhao Mengfu was young, he asked about his painting. (Qian) chose to write more about people, flowers and birds, so the landscape is rare in the world. Small regular script also has its own method, but it can't get rid of the weakness of Song Dynasty. Good at copying and printing, there is Qian's seal. "Cuju" is in the collection of Shanghai Museum. Qian Xuan and Zhao Mengfu are in the same hometown and enjoy a high reputation. Together with Zhao Mengfu, Wang Zizhong, Mou Yinglong, Xiao Zizhong, Chen Tianyi, Chen Zhongxin and Yao Shi, they are known as "eight heroes of Wuxing". There is a collection of poems and essays, which has been lost for a long time. In the second collection of selected poems of the Yuan Dynasty, there are more than 20 poems of his, which have survived, and are called "Xi Lan Zhai manuscript".
artistic characteristics
The most outstanding achievement of Qian Xuan is flower and bird painting. His mature flower and bird painting, on the basis of the Academy painting, absorbed the techniques of the school of ink and flower, and created a new physique. His landscape paintings are famous for their green and green colors. This variant landscape originated from Dong Yuan opened the beginning of ink landscape painting in Yuan Dynasty. Qian Xuan was also good at drawing figures, and his style was rather primitive. He also further developed the tradition of literati writing poems and essays on painting titles. In most of his works handed down from generation to generation, he had his own poems or postscripts. This format was widely adopted by later literati painters and gradually formed a distinctive feature of the close combination of poetry, calligraphy and painting. Advocating the theory of morale and advocating Lijia painting have a great influence on later literati painting.
Qian Xuan is especially good at folding flowers and trees. He is a painter with comprehensive techniques. His painting inherits the tradition of the previous generation, and his characters learn from Li Gonglin, his landscape studies from Zhao lingxuan and Zhao Boju, and his flower and bird masters from Zhao Chang. His landscape painting, learning from the ancient but not from the ancient, has formed his own unique style. His landscape paintings often take the fuyushan and Tiaoxi where he lives as the subject matter, and most of them are color paintings. For example, his painting "Shanju tujuan" is green and green, with delicate brushwork, square and clumsy, which is full of the sentiment before the Northern Song Dynasty. Most of the figure paintings are based on historical themes, and the strokes are neat, simple and childish. In the existing picture of Tao Yuanming, a hermit living in the countryside with pine and chrysanthemum, swaggers in the wind to show his loyalty to the ruler.
Qian Xuan's flower and bird painting has the highest achievement, and is the representative of the school of Yuan Dynasty inheriting Song Dynasty's meticulous flower and bird painting. The flowers and birds he painted in the painting of flowers and birds are meticulous, clean and smooth, elegant and vivid. His imitations are so skillful that they can be confused with the real. Once he borrowed the painting of white eagle, copied and mounted it overnight, and returned the copy the next day without the master's noticing. Qian Xuan is also good at drawing horses, which can be seen in the following records: Horse map, green horse map, two horse map, horse washing map, etc. On the basis of widely absorbing the tradition, Qian Xuan comes up with new ideas. It has formed its own unique style. He advocated the restoration of the ancients, and advocated that painting should focus on the embodiment of literati's temperament, that is, the so-called "morale", that is, trying to get rid of the deliberate pursuit of resemblance. It is intended to get rid of the painting habits of the Southern Song Dynasty and inherit the methods of the Tang, the Five Dynasties and the Northern Song Dynasty. This idea has a certain representativeness and influence in the early Yuan Dynasty. Works handed down from generation to generation include peony painting, Chaisang Weng portrait, Lu Tong's painting of cooking tea, fuyushan residence painting, etc.
Extant Poems
[Title: living in Yushan Mountain]
Looking at the southern mountain, the white clouds are flying. There is a hermit under it, singing for a long time.
Cong Shi Ying Qing Yi, Jia Mu Dan Fang Yan. The sun and the moon have no end, and the valley has changed.
There are a lot of anecdotes in the mind, and five strings in the heart. As soon as the dust is gone, it's enough to invite the hermit.
[heading back to the picture]
Five willows are planted in Hengmen and chrysanthemums are picked in Dongli. The long roar is clear, but the wine is not enough.
In this world, it's better to be sober and to be insulting. Chengxing Fu is a unique poem for thousands of years.
[title]
Mr. Hong Ya
[image]
God controls the inverted scene, and when it is too empty, the bridle is always on. Metaphysics and Taoism are inseparable. They can understand Heaven and man.
All of them are immortals, playing the world regardless of the year. What's the matter? Let me clap my shoulder with a smile.
[title]
Mountain dwelling scroll
】
The mountain life is quiet and covers the gate of firewood in the daytime. Many widows avoid it, but no self-respect.
Peng Peng is interested, but Lanai has different roots. An de Meng, Zhuang sou, met and discussed in detail.
[Title: Narcissus roll]
Emperor not Shen Xiang, pavilion peerless makeup. Xiaoyan horizontal thin Mei, qiuse Yunming.
Luopu should ask for friends, Yao family should let Wang. Hospitality to the Ministry of water, elegance in the Fen Xiang.
[two pictures of the mountain in front of the snow]
Rain and snow at night, all trees change at the same time. The hungry crow feels the rest of the sky and looks like a beard.
The jade of the mountain is like a mill. I wake up and see how bright the trees are.
Where I live in the city, I can see bianshanxiong from afar. Snow is the first thing to see, and its shadow shines on the peaks.
I'm far away from the city today, and I'll stay here. Suddenly, as the clouds grow old, I feel more empty.
Open the door before the candle, flying flowers dance in the wind. Ten thousand trees in one stripe, four fields change their appearance.
[picture of Seven Sages in bamboo grove]
Once upon a time, people were so busy that they didn't pay attention to human affairs. But when you put something in the cup, you should talk about it.
Long between heaven and earth, stealing music is worthy. All the sages have their own minds, so it's not easy to ignore the vulgarity.
Ji Kang
In the scattered not even the world, from the meal Xia people. The understanding of the form, the test of the silent immortal, the theory of vomit, the knowledge of concentration.
They set up a custom to discuss and seek the mountains to seek seclusion. Luanhe sometimes Qiang, dragon who can tame.
[Wu Jun Yong · Liu Ling]
Liu Gongshan closed the door and died with emotion. If the drum and bell are not enough to sigh, how can they dazzle.
Tao Jing's daily drinking is not a waste feast. Although the ode to wine is short, I can see my deep heart from now on.
Ruan Ji
Although Ruan Gong was lost, he knew the secret and the cave. Intoxication is like burying photos, and allegory is like satire.
If the long roar is pregnant, Yue Li will surprise the public. We can't talk about things, we can't have grief if we are poor.
[Wu Jun Yong · Ruan Xian]
Zhongrong's Qingyun ware is a show for the people. What is the use of deep voice, knowledge of micro in the gold play.
Guo Yi has been intoxicated, but the Duke of mountain is not empty. If you can't recommend yourself to an official repeatedly, you will be able to defend yourself.
Wu Xiangjun
Xiang Xiu is willing and indifferent, and deeply cares about tuohaosu. To explore the profound, to read the books, to despise the chapters and sentences.
Jiao Lv is both Hongxuan and pan Ji is also Fengju. Wandering in the river, pathetic Yang Fu.
Spring day
On the 10th, the spring breeze was pleasant and beautiful, and the flowers and willows at the head of the stream were fresh. The beauty is far away from the mountains and rivers, and the rain suddenly comes to respect the ancestors.
I still have white hair and youth, and the grass grows up in the setting sun. The five mausoleum childe Mo Xiangxiao, once scattered Golden Music youth.
[picture of Title book]
Two by two, you can travel in Kangqu and play together in different teams. All of a sudden, the children's state began to compete, and they gave up their suitcases to hate poetry and books.
[Title: Orchid Pavilion in Quanzhou]
Rat must note inkstone, write Liuqi, a book into the forest for a long time. Twenty eight lines into the word, back no more than in the dust beam.
[picture of lonely mountain]
A child and a crane accompany each other, strolling leisurely along the edge of plum blossom to write poems. So far, who has followed the new words.
A picture of plum blossom
No West Lake scholar star, ethereal wind and moon who Ming. At that time, under the lonely mountain, two lines of poetry became an eternal name.
[picture of shile asking questions]
It's amazing to be honest and upright. Only when you come to Buddhism can you know the opportunity. In a word, Liu Cong can understand the truth, but he laughs that everything is wrong.
[picture of crossing the river in autumn]
The mountains are empty and green, and the Yangtze River is clear one day in autumn. Outside the setting sun and the cold smoke in MAOCI, pedestrians have been waiting to cross the boat for a long time.
[picture of Kandelia candel]
In the past, I sketched from life in Pishan, and I wrote melon and eggplant freely. Self pity has become clumsy in the past, but not in the present.
[picture of three scholars in Tang Dynasty]
Tang three bachelor can three English, very talent, fine art. Wushi Weiqi has a long history in spring and day, and its brush is still famous today.
[picture of Taoyuan]
The first letter Taoyuan several Qin, later no one asked. Wuling is not a place where flowers bloom late, but when they come to the world, they are in spring.
[picture of baby in the title play]
The palace is full of vitality and I don't know that there is Peng Ying in the world. Day long no matter palace music, leisure and all Ji accompany play baby.
[on Princess Yang
Matu
】
In the Tang Dynasty, Kaiyuan brought peace, and Huaqing was lucky every October. At that time, he was so charming that he didn't drive the way of Shu.
[Tiantai Zashu]
No one in the spiritual realm, peach blossoms, and the east wind blows away the clouds of Chicheng. At the end of the day, willow color will spring to the end of the river.
Wang can remembers Qin Kong's hatred, and Du Ling's entering Sichuan is a dancer. The year of the battle is fixed, and the wild geese are flying back.
[overnight stay at Nanshan monk Temple]
Chinese PinYin : Qian Xuan
Qian Xuan
