Yang Xianyi

Yang Xianyi

Yang Xianyi (1891-1923), whose name is Xuehua, is called tiean. The Han nationality is from Guangfu. Originally from Beitai Township, Xiangshan County, Guangzhou, Guangdong (now from Beitai village, South District, Zhongshan City), born in Hawaii, USA. The pioneer of modern aviation in China, known as "the father of China's revolutionary air force.".

In 1910, Yang Xianyi joined the alliance, and then entered the Mechanical Department of Harry university to study mechanical and weapon manufacturing technology. In 1919, Yang Xianyi was ordered by Sun Yat Sen, his father, to go to Zhangzhou, Fujian Province to prepare and organize China's first aircraft team, and served as the commander in chief. Then he led the fleet into operation. In February 1923, Dr. Sun Yat Sen established the Grand Marshal's office in Guangzhou and appointed Yang Xianyi as the director of aviation. After that, he organized the Guangdong aircraft manufacturing factory. Yang Xianyi was also the factory director and personally led the aviation and aircraft manufacturing work. Yang Xianyi led the manufacture of China's first aircraft, the lexman. On September 20, 1923, in order to attack the warlord Chen Jiongming, he accidentally exploded when checking the mine and died.

Profile

Yang Xianyi (1891-1923), whose name is Xuehua and tiean, was named Xianyi after admiring Sun Yat Sen. He is from Beitai village, Xiangshan County, Guangdong Province. Born in Honolulu, USA. His father, Yang Zhukun, ran sugarcane plantations and sugar factories in Honolulu. He met Sun Yat Sen through sun Mei and supported the anti Qing revolution. In 1909 (the first year of the reign of emperor Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty), Yang Xianyi studied at the University of Hawaii. Influenced by the enthusiasm of "saving the nation by aviation", he later transferred to the Department of mechanical engineering at Halley University of California and the Department of aviation at Georges university to study the structure, performance and flight technology of machinery and land and water aircraft. Obtained the land and water flight license of the world flight Association. In 1910, he joined the Chinese Alliance in Hawaii. In 1911 (the third year of Xuantong) and 1913 (the second year of the Republic of China), he and his father successively founded Zhonghua spaceship company and Tuqiang aircraft company in Honolulu. In 1916 (5 years of the Republic of China), he was trained at the Curtis flight school in povro, New York. Sun Yat Sen valued his return to China the next year. In the summer of the same year, it launched the formation of air force schools and aircraft teams. Sun Yat Sen was appointed as the captain of the aircraft team to prepare for the establishment of the aircraft team. He has successively visited the United States, Japan, Mexico and other countries to strive for financial and material support and prepare for the establishment of the aircraft fleet. In 1919 (8 years of the Republic of China), the "aircraft team of Fujian Guangdong army" was formed in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province as the commander in chief. In August of the next year, he served as commander in chief of the air force (major general). In order to cooperate with the army's return to Guangdong, he led the army back to Guangzhou to bombard the governor's office, expel Mo Rongxin, a GUI warlord, and recover Guangzhou. In 1921, he was ordered to go to Japan, Mexico, the United States and other countries to raise money from overseas Chinese to buy 12 aircraft, and recruited a group of young overseas Chinese pilots to return home for service. In May, he served as the military attache of the presidential palace and was responsible for planning the development of China's aviation industry. In December of the next year, he served as the director of the aviation bureau of the base camp. In March 1923 (the 12th year of the Republic of China), he planned to build the Guangdong aircraft factory (the first aircraft factory in China) and concurrently served as the factory director, in charge of aircraft manufacturing. Sun Yat Sen praised him as "the father of revolutionary aviation". In September, he led a plane team to take part in a crusade against Chen Jiongming's rebels in Huizhou, and moved to the front lines of Huiyang, BOLUO and Zengcheng. On September 20, at the Baisha front line of bolume lake, when a seaplane was guiding the test of refitting a bomb with a mine, he was killed immediately due to the accidental explosion of the mine. The Grand Marshal's office recognized him as a lieutenant general.

Three generations of Yangmen

Yang Xianyi's father, Mr. Yang Zhukun, not only strongly supported his son to devote himself to aviation, but also raised funds with local overseas Chinese to establish a "China spaceship company" in Honolulu in 1913, but soon went out of business. In 1918, he built "Tuqiang aircraft company" in the same place, named "Tuqiang" for the purpose of strengthening and saving the country, with a very significant goal. Yang Xianyi, then 27, was one of the board members of the company. Yang Xianyi's grandmother, Mrs. Yang, saw with her own eyes in Honolulu that white people were tyrannical and bullied people of color, which made her realize that overseas Chinese were bullied in foreign countries because their motherland was poor and weak, which stimulated her patriotic enthusiasm. Although she is over age, she still strongly supports her children and grandchildren to respond to Sun Yat Sen's proposition of "saving the nation by air". She told her children and grandchildren, "when the motherland needs us, our overseas Chinese's status is different. When the motherland needs us, don't hesitate to go to the battlefield.". In this way, Yang Xianyi was deeply influenced, supported and encouraged by her family. She had made ideological and technical preparations for the establishment of China's air force. The three generations of the Yang family care about the revolution and love the motherland, which is commendable.

Life story

In 1909, when Yang Xianyi began to study in the United States, he chose aviation as his major because he agreed with Sun Yat Sen's idea of "saving the nation by aviation". In 1918, he founded Tuqiang aircraft company in Hawaii. In the same year, he was summoned back to China by Sun Yat Sen to discuss the country together. He served as the commander in chief of the "aid Fujian and Guangdong Army Aircraft team", led the aircraft team to bomb the rebel Mo Rongxin department, and made outstanding contributions to defeat Mo Rongxin department. Later, he went to Japan, the United States and other places to raise money from overseas Chinese. His father also donated a lot of money to buy back 12 airplanes and set up China's first air force.

In 1923, Sun Yat Sen established the Grand Marshal's mansion in Guangzhou. Yang Xianyi served as the director of the aviation bureau. Then he founded the Guangdong aircraft factory and served as the factory director. In July, Yang Xianyi imitated the J.N. - 4 aircraft and presided over the design and manufacture of the first aircraft. After testing its handling performance, stability and various flight parameters to meet the design requirements, he built the first aircraft under very simple conditions This is an aircraft "lexman-1" designed by the Chinese and manufactured in China. This plane is China's first light reconnaissance aircraft, with a speed of 120 km / h. In recognition of his outstanding achievements, the father of the nation personally wrote the banner of "aspiring to the sky" and presented it to him. (existing Guangdong Provincial Museum)

In September 1923, warlord Chen Jiongming launched a rebellion in Huizhou. Sun Yat Sen sent his troops to the front line of the attack on baishuiluo. While inspecting the mine, the mine suddenly exploded and Yang Xianyi died. Dr. Sun Yat Sen was very sorry to hear that. The Grand Marshal's office issued a pension order and recognized the martyr as a lieutenant general, so he decided to bury the martyrs. Yang Xianyi's body is buried in the east of Huanghuagang, Guangzhou. The tombstone is the seven characters "Tomb of Mr. Yang Xianyi" written by Sun Yat Sen. a model airplane is placed on the archway of the tomb, which symbolizes the life and career of the martyrs and their lofty aspirations. In 1927, the Guangdong Provincial Government rebuilt the tombs of the martyrs. In 1979, the relevant departments of the provinces and cities restored it according to its original appearance.

Career

In 1918, Yang Xianyi was summoned back to China by Sun Yat Sen to discuss the future of the country. At that time, the revolution was still at a low ebb. Although Yuan Shikai died, Li Yuanhong succeeded the president, and the military and political power still fell into the hands of the Northern Warlords. In order to consolidate their power, they dissolved the Parliament and abolished the treaty. Sun Yat Sen raised the banner of protecting the law in Guangzhou and fought resolutely against those warlords. However, in Guangzhou, the military and political power fell into the hands of the Guangxi warlord Mo Rongxin and others, which hindered everything of the military government, Yang Xianyi thought that the South warlords and the North warlords were "birds of a feather". In this case. I feel that my burden is very heavy. How to eliminate the GUI Warlords is an urgent task. At the right time, Yang Xianyi was ordered to go to Zhangzhou, Fujian Province to prepare and organize China's first aircraft team, and served as the commander in chief. He thought that the mission of his trip was very important, and he could never bear the heavy trust of Mr. Sun, so he planned carefully and made active preparations. Soon after, Mo Rongxin, a GUI warlord, defected and occupied Yuexiu mountain in Guangzhou. In order to put an end to the separatist regime of the warlords, the "aid to Fujian and Guangdong Army Aircraft team", with Yang Xianyi as the commander-in-chief, was ordered to return from Fujian to Guangdong in August 1920 to cooperate with the aid to Fujian and Guangdong army. The plane team led by Yang Xianyi dropped leaflets over Guangzhou to denounce Mo Rongxin's crime, and dropped bombs on the enemy occupied area of Yuexiu mountain. Mo Rongxin's rebels scurried under the attack of the army, navy and air force. In this way, a civil war subsided. At that time, Yang Xianyi's command department cooperated with the army and navy in combat. After the war against Mo Rongxin, Yang Xianyi had more confidence in saving the nation by aviation. In order to expand the aircraft fleet, he was sent to Japan, the United States, Honolulu, Mexico and other places to raise money from overseas Chinese to buy aircraft. When Yang Xianyi arrived in Honolulu, Mr. Zhukun strongly sponsored the purchase of four machines with his personal property and dedicated them to his motherland. His father and son contributed money and greatly inspired the patriotic overseas Chinese. After that, Yang Xianyi went to the United States, Japan and other places to raise money and bought back eight planes, thus forming China's first air force.

In February 1923, Sun Yat Sen established the Grand Marshal's office in Guangzhou. Yang Xianyi was appointed director of aviation and set up the aviation bureau in Dashatou, Guangzhou. After that, he organized the Guangdong aircraft manufacturing factory. Yang was also the factory director and personally led the aviation and aircraft manufacturing work. In order to train pilots of his motherland, he once selected dozens of aviators, such as Huang Guangrui, who were interested in flying and sent them to the United States to study in aviation schools. These people later became the early pilots of our country.

At that time, the aircraft manufacturing plants, no matter the workshop tools and other equipment, were very simple, especially the lack of professional talents for aircraft manufacturing. Although there are many difficulties, under the guidance of the ambitious director Yang Xianyi, we all work together, share weal and woe, and get Sun Yat Sen's concern and great hope. He often visited with his wife, Soong Ching Ling, to encourage everyone to work hard. A few months later, the first plane was made and named "Le Shi Wen", the English name of Song Qingling's youth "Rosa"

Chinese PinYin : Yang Xian Yi