Wei Zifu

Wei Zifu

Empress xiaowuwei (date of birth unknown - September 9, 91 BC), whose name is unknown, was born in Pingyang County, Hedong county (now Linfen City, Shanxi Province). Liu Che, the second empress of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, is the first empress with an independent posthumous title in Chinese history.

Wei Zifu used to be a singer of Princess Pingyang. When Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty Liu Che visited Princess Pingyang at the age of 18, he fell in love with Wei Zifu. As a result, Wei Zifu entered the palace and became his wife in the third year of Jianyuan (138 BC) and queen in the first year of Yuanshuo (128 BC). Finally, in the second year of Zhenghe (91 BC), he was involved in the disaster of witchcraft, and committed suicide. After his posthumous title, he was buried in Tongbai Pavilion. He lived in Han Palace for 49 years and was queen for 38 years.

Life of the characters

Birth of family

Wei Zifu was born in the reign of emperor Jingdi of Han Dynasty. His family name is Wei. He was born in Pingyang, Hedong. Father unknown, mother Wei Yi once for Pingyang houjiatong, said houqie. Wei Zifu was sent to Pingyang Marquis's family to teach singing and dancing when he was young, so he became a eunuch (singing girl) in Pingyang Marquis's house.

Wei Zifu has one elder brother and two elder sisters, the elder brother Wei Changjun, the elder sister Wei Junru (Wei Ru), the second elder sister Wei Shaoer, and the child Huo Qubing. Wei Zifu also had three brothers, namely Wei Qing, Wei Bu and Wei Guang.

First visit to Hou's residence

In March of the second year of Jianyuan (139 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Shangsi day. The 18-year-old young emperor Liu Che went to worship his ancestors and prayed for good fortune. On the way back to the palace, I went to see Princess Pingyang, who was married to Cao Shi (Cao Shou), the Marquis of Pingyang. She has been married to empress Chen for several years, but still has no children. Princess Pingyang followed the example of her aunt, Princess Guantao (Master Dou), and chose a woman of a good family to offer to the emperor.

When Emperor Wu came back to take a rest at the Marquis's house, Princess Pingyang dressed up more than a dozen girls who had been selected to stay at home, and made them visit Emperor Wu. However, Emperor Wu was not satisfied. So Princess Pingyang ordered more than ten people to step down and put on food and wine for a feast. At this time, the singing girls of the Hou family went to the hall to sing, and Wei Zifu was also among them. When Emperor Wu looked at the crowd, he took a fancy to Wei Zifu.

Then, Emperor Wu got up to change clothes, and Wei Zifu went to wait on him, and got the first fortune in the xuanche of Shangyi. Emperor Wu was very happy when he came back to the banquet and gave Princess Pingyang gold. So Princess Pingyang asked her to send her husband to the palace, and Emperor Wu readily agreed. Before leaving the bus, Princess Pingyang touched Wei Zifu's back and said, "go, have a good meal in the palace and encourage yourself. If you are rich in the future, don't forget my recommendation."

Respect and favor rilong

Since he entered the palace in the second year of Jianyuan (139 BC), Wei Zifu has never been called again after more than a year.

In the third year of Jianyuan (138 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty once again chose to release the useless palace people, such as the middle-aged, the weak and so on. Wei Zifu met the emperor and cried to ask Emperor Wu to release her from the palace. Emperor Wu was in love with Wei Zifu and was lucky to see her again, so Wei Zifu became pregnant. Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty paid more and more attention to her day by day.

However, it didn't last long. At that time, the empress Chen was the daughter of Liu Chuan, the eldest princess (Princess Guantao). When Emperor Wu was still the king of Jiaodong, Liu Chuan made great efforts to become the crown prince. For this reason, empress Chen was arrogant and noble. When she heard that Wei Zifu was lucky and pregnant, but she failed to have a child for several years, she was jealous of Wei Zifu. Liu Chuo, his mother, sent someone to arrest Wei Zifu's younger brother. Wei Qing, who was working in Jianzhang at that time, wanted to kill Wei Qing to intimidate Wei Zifu. Fortunately, Wei Qing's friend Gongsun Ao led a group of strong men to save him in time, which saved him from death.

When Emperor Wu learned of this, he called Wei Qing as Jian Zhang's supervisor and served him as his assistant. Wei Changjun, the elder brother of Wei Zifu, was also a dignitary. Within a few days, the total reward given to the Wei family was thousands of gold.

In the next ten years, Wei Zifu was deeply loved. After "respecting and favoring rilong", the history books used "great fortune" and "favoring" to describe her. Wei Zifu was granted the title of wife, and gave birth to three women and a man successively for Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty. His family was extremely dignified. Wei Zifu's elder sister, Wei Junru, married gongsunhe, a servant, and gongsunhe was more trusted. The second elder sister, Wei Shaoer, had a private relationship with Chen Zhang, so Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty called Chen Zhang to make him prominent. Gongsunao benefited from being close to the Wei family. Wei Qing was promoted to the position of doctor Dazhong. If you look at Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, you are not so lucky.

Favorite book queen

In the fifth year of Yuanguang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (130 BC), empress Chen was unable to ask for a son because of her huge sum of money, so the use of flattery was noticed. Emperor Wu was very angry, so he sent the censor Doctor Zhang ou to take charge of the case. At that time, Zhang Tang, a subordinate of Zhang ou, went deep into the case and found out that Chu Fu and others had practiced witchcraft for Empress Chen, established ancestral halls to offer sacrifices and curses, told ghosts and gods, and harmed others. At this point, empress Chen, who was born 11 years later, was abandoned and retired from the palace in the outer suburbs.

After half a year, Wei Zifu became pregnant again. In the spring of the first year of Yuanshuo (128 BC), Wei Zifu, who had been in favor for 10 years, became emperor for 12 years. At the age of 29, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty gave birth to the first prince. Emperor Wu was overjoyed, and ordered those who were good at writing at that time, Meigao and Dongfang Shuo, to write the Fu of the birth of the crown prince and the wish of the prince. In order to thank God for his first prince, Emperor Wu built a temple to worship the God of marriage and childbirth. The court officials were also happy for the birth of the eldest son of the Han Dynasty, who came more than ten years later. Emperor Wu named his eldest son Liu Ju.

In his joyful time, he wrote a letter to Emperor Wu to make Wei Zifu queen. Emperor Wu gladly agreed to play. In the spring of the first year of Yuanshuo, on the day of Jiazi in March, Wei Zifu was chosen as the queen. The imperial edict said: "I heard that heaven and earth are unchanging and can not be transformed; Yin and yang are unchanging and things are not luxuriant. According to the book of changes, "the spirit of the people will be invigorated only by adapting to the circumstances." The book of songs says: "the changes of heaven and earth should not be misguided. We should choose the right way." I appreciate Tang Yu and am optimistic about Yin Zhou. I am willing to draw lessons from history. Now it's amnesty and reform with the people. Some of them were prosecuted for committing crimes, fleeing for fear of crime, and long-term debt of official property. If it happened three years ago, they will not be dealt with. "

So far, the Jiaofang Hall of weiyangzhong palace, which has been idle for one year and eight months, has a new owner again. After Wei Zifu, the system of amnesty for empresses became the Han system.

Since Wei Zifu was established, Langguan Meigao wrote a piece of "Ode to the end of the ring" to empress Wei, and changed the humorous style of writing in the past, admonishing empress Wei to keep her good moral style.

In the first year of Yuanshou (122 BC), the prince Liu Ju, like his father, was made the crown prince at the age of 7. When Emperor xuandejun was the prince of the spring and Autumn period, he was the prince of the Han Dynasty. After knowing Gongyang Zhuan, the prince liked Guliang Zhuan and asked to learn it. When the prince Jiaguan came of age and moved to the palace, Emperor Wu built a garden for Liu to receive guests, which was called Bowang garden.

After Wei Zifu became the queen, the Wei family, which was famous for her, did not live up to the king's expectations and did not live in the favor of nepotism like most of his relatives. The Waiqi of Wei family, led by Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, went north in military uniform. With his personal talent and determination to go abroad, after more than ten times of going out of life and death, he kept on sealing thousands of households. He wrote seven military expeditions for the Han Dynasty, ascended Tianyan mountain to the north, went deep into Xiongnu for six times, and set up a county in Qilian Mountain. His outstanding military achievements basically disintegrated the northern Xiongnu forces and solved the border problems of the Han Dynasty The problem has made an indelible contribution. The family of Wei also won the honor of being a Marquis with five members. In addition, her elder sister became a queen and her younger brother married a princess.

The song "the world is Wei Zifu's song" (Queen Wei's song), which says: "if you give birth to a man without joy, if you give birth to a woman without anger, you can't see Wei Zifu dominating the world!"

Respect for the poor

As the crown prince Liu Ju grows up day by day, Wei Zifu's face grows old day by day. In the sixth year of Yuanshuo (123 BC), with the appearance of the beautiful young lady Wang, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to shift his favor to Wei Zifu for 15 years. Later, Mrs. Li, Yin Jieyu, Xing xie'e and Zhao Jieyu (Mrs. Gou Yi) were replaced and favored.

However, even though Zhu Yan's words were fading, Wei Zifu still remembered Meigao's admonishment when he was born. In addition, Wei Qing, Wei Zifu's younger brother, and Huo Qubing, his nephew, made great contributions to the Han Dynasty. Wei Zifu, with a balanced attitude, good morality and justice, can still be treated and respected by Emperor Wu within 17 years after Wei Qing and Huo Qubing died one after another.

In addition to Wei Zifu's responsibility for the affairs of the harem, Emperor Wu often gave Wei Zifu the decision of the affairs of the palace under the control of the Shaofu when he toured around the world. When Emperor Wu came back, Wei Zifu reported the important verdict to Emperor Wu. Emperor Wu never objected to it, and sometimes even omitted Wei Zifu's report. This is what Emperor Wu believed in Wei Zifu.

The curse of witchcraft

The scale of Wei's relatives has been growing in nearly half a century. A large number of relatives were not free from the custom of being spoiled and arrogant. Gongsun Jingsheng, the son of the prime minister Gongsun he, who was the son of the empress's sister, was arrogant, extravagant and disobeying the law. He was in the high position of the imperial servant of Jiuqing and was good at using the northern army's pay of 19 million. He was arrested and jailed after the incident came to light. At this time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty issued an imperial edict to arrest Zhu Anshi, a native of Yangling

Chinese PinYin : Wei Zi Fu