Huang Zi

Huang Zi

Huang Zi (March 23, 1904 to May 9, 1938) was born in Chuansha County, Jiangsu Province. He was an important composer and music educator in the 1930s. In his early years, he studied composition at Oberlin College and Yale School of music. After returning to China in 1929, he successively taught in the Music Department of Shanghai Hujiang University and the theoretical composition group of the National Conservatory of music, and concurrently served as the dean of the Conservatory of music. He was enthusiastic about music education and cultivated many excellent music talents. Huang Zi is the most influential founder of early music education in China.

Huang Zi died of typhoid fever in Shanghai Red Cross Hospital on May 9, 1938. He was 34 years old.

Life of the characters

Born on March 23, 1904 in Chuansha County, Jiangsu Province (now in Pudong New Area of Shanghai), his father Huang Hongpei (No. Mother Lu Meixian, also known as kaiqun, is an intellectual woman with both ability and morality.

He entered Shanghai primary school in 1910.

In 1911, he was transferred to the primary school affiliated to Pudong middle school.

In 1916, he was admitted to Tsinghua School in Beijing and began to contact western music. After entering the school, he actively participated in the school's music club activities and became a "famous musician" in Tsinghua garden. I study piano and vocal music at school.

In the autumn of 1924, Huang Zi graduated from Tsinghua University with excellent results. He went to the United States to study psychology with indemnity from gengzi. He also took music courses such as music theory, solfeggio, dictation and keyboard harmony.

In 1926, he won the Bachelor of Arts degree and was nominated as a member of phibeta kappa, the national organization of academic honors for outstanding college students.

In September 1928, Huang Zi transferred to Yale School of music to continue his study, majoring in theoretical composition.

In 1929, he received his bachelor's degree in music with his graduation work "nostalgia" Overture, and performed in the Graduation Concert of Yale University School of music. In August of the same year, Huang Zi went back to China after traveling through Europe to Britain, France, Germany, Holland, Italy and other countries. He immediately applied for the post of music professor of Shanghai Hujiang University (now Shanghai Polytechnic University) and music teacher of middle school affiliated to Hujiang University, and taught part-time in Shanghai National Conservatory of music (now Shanghai Conservatory of Music).

In 1930, Huang Zi resigned from the position of Hujiang University and was appointed professor and Dean of the school at the invitation of Dr. Xiao Youmei, President of Shanghai music college. Besides working in the school, he also engaged in creative and theoretical activities. He has successively served as a member of the music Committee of the Ministry of industry of Shanghai, a member of the music education committee of the Ministry of education and the Compilation Committee of music textbooks for primary and secondary schools, a member of the music Research Association of the Central Cultural Planning Commission, and the editor in chief of the music weekly supplement of the music magazine and the new evening news He is the head of a Shanghai orchestra composed of Chinese.

On December 24, 1930, Huang Zi and Ms. Wang Yinian married in Shanghai Oriental Hotel. Huang Yanpei made a congratulatory speech.

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, Huang Zi and the teachers and students of the music college organized the Anti Japanese National Salvation Association, went to Pudong and other places to publicize the Anti Japanese War and collect money for the Northeast volunteer army. Huang Zi composed the lyrics and composed the song of resisting the enemy, the earliest choral work with the theme of resisting Japan and saving the nation. On November 9 of the same year, the song of resistance to the enemy was first broadcast and sung by the students of the music college on the radio station, and was recorded by Shengli company.

In 1932, when the "January 28 Incident" broke out, Huang Zi created another four mixed voice chorus "the flag is floating" (Wei Hanzhang's CI), which was first broadcast and sung by students of the music college on the radio station on October 8. "The flag is floating" became a reservation in the concert before and after the Anti Japanese war.

From 1932 to 1935, entrusted by the Commercial Press, Huang Zi, together with Ying Shangneng, Zhang Yuzhen and Wei Hanzhang, compiled the music textbook "Fuxing junior high school music textbook" (adopted nationwide), which started from education and stabilized the development trend of Chinese music. From 1933 to 1936, there were as many as 11 editions of this textbook, which had an important influence on music education at that time.

At the end of March 1933, Huang Zi led the music teachers and students to hold two "support concerts to inspire the enemy" in Hangzhou, and personally presided over the curtain call. The final repertoire of the concerts was "song of resistance to the enemy" and "flying flag".

In October 1935, Huang Zi created the title music "Fantasia of urban scenery" for the progressive film "urban scenery", which was recorded by the Symphony Orchestra of Shanghai Industrial Bureau under the command of pachi.

On November 1, 1935, Huang Zi initiated the establishment of the first Shanghai orchestra composed of Chinese. Huang Zi and Tan Xiaolin are the chief and Deputy commanders, and Wu Bochao and Li Weining are the chief and Deputy commanders.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war in 1937, Huang Zi resigned from the post of dean of academic affairs and concentrated on teaching and compiling two works of music history and harmony acoustics.

On May 9, 1938, Huang Zi died of typhoid fever in Shanghai Red Cross Hospital. On his deathbed, he said to his wife, Ms. Wang Yinian, "go and get a doctor. I can't die. There is still half of the history of music left unfinished." He was 34 years old.

Achievements and contributions

Famous works

On the evening of November 23, 1930, Huang Zi's Symphonic Overture nostalgia was performed by the Symphony Orchestra of Shanghai Industrial Bureau (a band composed entirely of foreigners) under the command of Italian musician Mario Paci (1878-1946) at Shanghai Daguang cinema. This has made Chinese musicians feel proud and greatly inspired their enthusiasm to create new music.

In November 1933, he premiered seven movements in Huang Zi's oratorio song of everlasting regret (Wei Hanzhang's CI), which was composed from 1932 to 1933, at the student concert of Music College: first, "fairy music is heard everywhere"; second, "Hall of eternal life on July 7"; third, "Yu Yang's drum moves to the ground"; fifth, "six armies have nothing to do with it"; sixth, "graceful moth eyebrow horse dies before"; Eighth, "mountains in nothingness" Ten, this regret is endless. Although the other three movements have not yet been composed, the above seven movements have basically summed up the main plot of Bai Juyi's original poems and are quite complete in art. Song of everlasting regret is the earliest Oratorio in China. It satirizes the non resistance of the Kuomintang ruling group, such as "the dancing sleeve is turning over, no matter what the country is. I only love beautiful people and wine, not rivers and mountains. " It also beautifies the erotic history of the palace as a love tragedy. Some of the movements in this work were published before Huang Zi's death. In May 1943, in order to commemorate the fifth anniversary of Huang Zi's death, the Chinese Music Research Association in Chongqing first published the special issue of "song of everlasting regret", Huang Zi's posthumous work, in the first issue of volume two of the monthly journal of music. In 1957, Shanghai Music Publishing House officially published Huang Zi's song of everlasting regret.

A great master

Huang Zi is a famous modern composer and music theorist in China. He was the first music educator who systematically and comprehensively taught the modern professional composition theory of Europe and America to the domestic students, and had the ambition of establishing the Chinese national music school. The orchestral Overture nostalgia, his graduation work of studying in the United States, is the first symphonic work in China, and also the first Chinese symphonic work performed abroad. The title music "Fantasia of urban scenery" written by him for the left-wing progressive film "urban scenery" is the first professional title music in China. The song of resistance against the enemy and the flag flying are the two earliest choral songs of resistance against Japan and national salvation in China. His song of everlasting regret is the earliest Oratorio in China. He was also the first music professor to teach western modern composition theory comprehensively and systematically, and to write the opening song for progressive films. In addition, he founded the earliest music weekly in China and acted as editor in chief, and initiated the organization of the first symphony orchestra composed of all Chinese performers in China, Shanghai orchestra.

In his life, he left 94 pieces of music works, including symphony, chamber music, piano polyphony, oratorio, chorus, solo, textbook songs, etc.; 15 pieces of music works involving theoretical creation, criticism, appreciation, writers, history, etc.; 56 lessons about music knowledge; 3 unfinished music manuscripts. He also founded music clubs and edited music magazines, music supplements, music textbooks, music textbooks, organized music programs for radio stations, and wrote music radio manuscripts.

Teaching and educating

As a dedicated music educator, he was the pillar of Shanghai Conservatory of music in its initial period. He was the only full-time teacher of the theoretical composition group at that time. He undertook 11 classroom teaching alone. In addition, he also taught two school wide common courses: Western music history and music appreciation method. He cultivated He Luting, Chen Tianhe, Jiang Dingxian, Liu Xuean and other modern music pioneers, thus becoming a comprehensive, complete and systematic teacher of European traditional composition in China's professional music education institutions Technology theory, and the first person with many talents. He clearly put forward the slogan of "national new music", which had a far-reaching impact on his students He Luting. As a composer who has been engaged in the teaching of composition theory in professional music education institutions, he was determined to fill in the gap in harmony acoustics and music history, considering that "there is no textbook for teaching and no book for scholars", and driven by his sense of responsibility From the beginning of 1934, he began to write.

Promoting music education

Huang Zi promotes China

Chinese PinYin : Huang Zi