liu biao

liu biao

Liu Biao (142-208) was born in Gaoping County, Shanyang County (now Weishan, Shandong Province). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the imperial clan, the famous scholar, the warlord, one of the heroes in the late Han Dynasty, and after Liu Yu, the king of Lu Gong in the Western Han Dynasty.

Liu Biao is more than eight feet long, gentle and strong in appearance. He was well-known in the world when he was young and ranked among the "eight Jun". In his early years, he was implicated in the party's imprisonment for participating in the Taisheng movement, and was forced to flee. In 184, the ban on the party was lifted, and he Jin, the general, was appointed as the commander of the northern army. Later, he was the governor of Jingzhou, supplemented by Kuai brothers and Cai Mao. Liu Biao sent envoys to fenggong and was appointed general of Zhennan, mu of Jingzhou, and Feijie, and became Marquis of Wu. During his stay in Jingzhou, Liu Biao's works of grace and power were well-organized, which made thousands of miles clean and the people happy. They also set up classics and schools, love the people, cultivate scholars, and protect themselves calmly. Yuan Shao, Zhang Xiu and Liu Bei were close friends. They occupied thousands of miles of Jingjiang and led more than 100000 soldiers. They first killed Sun Jian and then fought against Cao Cao. However, Liu Biao was suspicious, better than sitting and talking. He was determined to be self-conscious and had no ambition of four directions. Later, he spoiled his later wife, Cai Mao, and so on.

In 208, Liu Biao died of illness. Cai Mao and others abandoned the elder and established the younger, and gave priority to his second son Liu Cong; Cao Cao's southern expedition led Liu Cong to surrender to Jingzhou, and then Jingzhou disappeared.

Source: from the image of the Three Kingdoms

Life of the characters

Danggu Qingliu

Liu Biao received a good education when he was young. He participated in the Taiping student movement and was known as one of the "eight Juns" (Zhang Fan's "Han Ji" called it one of the "eight Gu"; the "records of famous scholars at the end of Han Dynasty" called it one of the "eight friends"). In the book of the later Han Dynasty, Liu Biao and Zhang Jian of the same county were also named "Ba Gu", and they were also called "Ba Ji" with Zhang Jian, cen min, Chen Xiang, Kong Yu, Yuan Kang, Tan Fu, Zhai Chao and so on. In the second time, they were accosted with Zhang Jian of the same county and were forced to flee.

In 184, when the ban was lifted, Liu Biao was recruited by general He Jin to become a member of the northern army, and was recommended to join the DPRK again to serve as the commander-in-chief of the northern army.

Riding alone into the desert

Dong Ruiping was assassinated by Wang Zhuo in 190A. At that time, there were a lot of bandits in Jiangnan. Yuan Shu was stationed in Luyang and had all the people of Nanyang under his command. Su Dai, the governor of Changsha, and Bei Yu, the magistrate of Huarong County, were the Wu people. They ruled by the local militia, so Liu Biao could not take office directly. So he went to Jingzhou anonymously and took office.

After Liu Biao arrived in Jingzhou, Shan Ma entered Yicheng and conspired with Kuai liang from Zhonglu County, Kuai Yue and Cai Mao from Xiangyang. Liu Biao asked: "there are so many thieves here that the masses don't attach to them, so Yuan Shu has made a mess. Now the disaster has come! I hope to recruit here, but I'm afraid they won't be able to gather. What's your strategy? " Kuai Liang said: "the reason why the masses don't attach themselves is due to the lack of benevolence, and the reason why the masses can't rely on them to promote governance is due to the lack of righteousness. If the way of benevolence and righteousness can work, then the people will come and return like water. Why worry about the coming people and ask about the strategy of promoting the army?" Liu Biao asked Kuai Yue again, and Kuai Yue said, "benevolence and justice are the first things to govern peace, and power and stratagem are the first things to govern chaos. There are not many soldiers, but people. Yuan Shu is a brave and unyielding man. Su Dynasty and Bei Yu are both brave warriors, so it's not worth worrying about. The leader of the clan thief is corrupt and violent, which worries his subordinates. There are some cultivated people under my command. If they are sent to shezhili, the leader of the clan thieves will come with them. Then you will punish those who have no way, and then you will use them. Such a state of people, are willing to stay in this state, learned that the emperor has virtue, will help the old and bring the weak. Then, the soldiers gathered and attached to Jiangling in the south, Xiangyang in the north, and eight counties in Jingzhou. Although Yuan Shu and others arrived, they had nothing to do. " Liu Biao sighed: "the words of zirou (Kuai Liang) can be said to be the theory of Yongji. It can be said that the plan of different degrees (Kuai Yue character) is the plot of the mortgagor. " He asked Kuai Yue to send someone to invite 55 clan Thieves (15 in the book of the later Han Dynasty) to the banquet, kill them all, and attack their subordinates at the same time. Only Zhang Hu and Chen Sheng, the bandits of Jiangxia, defended Xiangyang. Liu Biao Nai sent Kuai Yue and Pang Ji to surrender him. When Jingzhou county magistrate heard that Liu Biao was famous, most of them took off the seal ribbon and fled. So far, Liu Biao controlled the seven counties of Jingzhou except Nanyang County, and managed to fight in Xiangyang to observe the changes of time.

At that time, Guandong Prefecture started to fight against Dong, but Liu Biao did not join the alliance. Liu Biao also recommended Yuan Shu to be the prefect of Nanyang, and made friends with him temporarily.

Walking across Hannan

In 191, Yuan Shu sent Sun Jian to attack Liu Biao. Liu Biao sent Huang Zu, the governor of Jiangxia, to fight in Fancheng and Dengxian. Sun Jian defeated Huang Zu and besieged Xiangyang. Liu Biao sent Huang Zu out of the city by night to mobilize reinforcements from various counties. When Huang Zu led his troops to Xiangyang, Sun Jian met him. Huang Zu retreated and fled to Xianshan. Taking advantage of the victory, Sun Jian chases him through the night. Huang Zu's trilogy lurks in the bamboo forest and shoots Sun Jian to death with a hidden arrow. Since then, Yuan Shu can no longer defeat Liu Biao.

After Sun Jian's death, Liu Biao cut off Yuan Shu's food supply, so that he could no longer occupy Nanyang, forcing him to leave in the direction of Yanyu, indirectly contributing to the later battle between Yuan Shu and Cao Cao in kuangting. This move not only completely removed Yuan Shu's ambition of coveting Jingzhou, but also weakened Yuan Shu's power by Cao CaoJun's power, making him far away from Jingzhou, reducing the threat to Jingzhou, and consolidating his ruling power in Jingzhou.

In the same year, Liu Yan, a herdsman in Yizhou, made more than 1000 rides. Liu Biao went to the imperial court and said that Liu Yan seemed to have a sign that Zixia was discussing the sage theory in Xihe.

In the third year of Chuping (192), Dong Zhuo was killed, and the rest of the troops, Li Xi and Guo Si, took charge of Chang'an. In October, Liu Biao sent envoys to pay tribute, and Li Yu sent Huang men's servant Zhong Yao to worship Liu Biao as Zhennan general and Jingzhou herdsman, and became Marquis of Wu. He was allowed to set up Changshi, Sima, and Zhonglang, who had the power to open the government, and the etiquette was like Sangong. He also sent Zuo Zhonglang to grant Zhu Dan a holiday, and to supervise the military affairs of Jiao, Yang, and Yi. In this way, Li Jian married Liu Biao as his foreign aid.

Liu Biao built a relatively safe separatist power in the eight counties of Jingzhou. Many scholars fled the Central Plains and chose to seek refuge in Jingzhou, among which Zhuge Liang was the most famous.

In the first year of Xingping (194), Liu Yan died of illness, and his son Liu Zhang was promoted to the throne. Liu Biao took advantage of this opportunity to drive Liu hece's anti Liu Zhang generals Shen Mi, Lou FA and Gan Ning, but they were all defeated and entered Jingzhou. In Yizhou, Zhao Wei was also appointed general of dongzhonglang and Qu Ren of Badong County to guard against Liu Biao.

In the first year of Jian'an (196), Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty moved eastward to Luoyang. Zhang Yangxian sent General Dong Cheng to repair the palace. Zhao Qi, the servant, came to Jingzhou to persuade Liu Biao to help Dong Cheng. Liu Biao sent troops to Luoyang and transported a large number of military materials.

In the same year, Cao Cao welcomed Emperor Xian and moved his capital to Xuchang. Although Liu Biao sent an envoy to pay tribute, he married Yuan Shao in the north. When Deng Xi admonished Liu Biao, Liu Biao did not listen and replied, "internally, I am not irresponsible for paying tribute; externally, I am not against the leader of the alliance. This is the way to achieve justice in the world today. Why are you the only one who always blames me? " Deng Xi was discontented, so he left quickly, and finally Liu Biao was not an official.

At that time, Zhang Ji, a general of hussars, left Nanyang from Guanzhong. He attacked the town because he had run out of grain, but he died in mid flight. His nephew Zhang Xiu withdrew from the town. Officials in Jingzhou congratulated Liu Biao. However, Liu Biao said, "Zhang Ji has come at a dead end, but I am so rude as the host. This is not my intention. Therefore, I only receive condolence, not congratulations. "After that, Liu Biao sent people to lure the rest of Zhang Ji's troops, and his troops were overjoyed at the news, and they all obeyed Liu Biao. Under Jia Xu's persuasion, Zhang Xiu sent troops to Wancheng and Liu Biao to unite, becoming Liu Biao's vassal force in the north and defending him against Cao Cao.

In the second year of Jian'an (197), Cao Cao went to the South and his troops arrived at Gushui. Zhang Xiu led the people to surrender. But because Cao Cao took Zhang Ji's widow, Mrs. Zou, Zhang Xiu hated Cao Cao. Cao Cao is ready to kill Zhang Xiu. As a result, the plan is leaked and Zhang Xiu defeats Cao Cao. Zhang Xiu retreats to defend the city in pursuit of defeat, once again allied with Liu Biao. Many counties in Nanyang and Zhangling returned to Zhang Xiu, and Cao Cao sent Cao Hong to deal with it. However, Cao Hong had a bad battle and was attacked by Zhang and Liu allied forces many times. In November of the same year, Cao Cao personally attacked Nanyang Huyang and Wuyin counties, and captured Liu Biao general Deng Ji alive.

In March of the third year of Jian'an (198), Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu to the South and surrounded the city where Zhang Xiu held. Soon, when Cao Cao heard that Yuan Shao wanted to take advantage of Xu Du, he immediately withdrew from the city. Zhang Xiu led his troops to follow him. Liu Biao also sent Jingzhou army to occupy Anzhong, cut off Cao's retreat, and tried to attack Cao with Zhang Xiu. Cao Cao defeated Zhang and Liu by surprise. After Cao's victory, he quickly moved north. Zhang Xiu led her troops to pursue her, but Jia Xu dissuaded her. Zhang Xiu refused to follow her and was defeated by Cao Cao. Jia Xu then advised Zhang Xiu to pursue again, but Liu Biao didn't listen. Zhang Xiu collected scattered soldiers and pursued them again to defeat Cao Cao's guards.

In the same year, Zhang Xian, the prefect of Changsha, led Liu Biao to rebel against Lingling and Guiyang counties. Liu Biao sent troops to attack the encirclement for years. After Zhang Xian died, Changsha people established his son Zhang Yi as the main, so Liu Biao captured Zhang Yi, opened up land, collected Lingling and Guiyang in the south, and occupied Hanchuan in the north, with thousands of miles of territory and more than 100000 soldiers.

At first, Jingzhou was a place where human relations were very disturbing. In addition, the surrounding areas were shocked by the war, and the thieves incited each other to make trouble, which made Jingzhou full of turmoil. As a herdsman in Jingzhou, Liu Biao was able to seduce people with good manners and good prestige, which made the bandits in the territory powerful and powerful. Since then, Jingzhou has been eradicated, and the people are happy.

On the other hand, there were thousands of scholars from guanxi, Yanzhou and Yuzhou who came to Jingzhou. Liu Biao could appease them. Scholars are subsidized and protected. Because Jingzhou territory boundary group bandits

Chinese PinYin : Liu Biao