Zhang Fang
Zhang Fang
Zhang Fang (1886-may 25, 1966) was born in tiemen Town, Xin'an County, Henan Province.
He studied in private school when he was young and went to Shaanxi in 1902. After 1904, he entered Shaanxi Army primary school and Baoding army accelerated school to study artillery and joined the Chinese League.
After graduating in the spring of 1909, he joined the army and became the main leader of Shaanxi new army.
After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, he served as governor of the eastern expedition of the Han army.
After the founding of the Republic of China, he served as the commander of the second town of Shaanxi army;
In 1915, he took part in the national defense movement. Later, he returned to his hometown and lived in seclusion as commander in chief of the 20th Route Army of the Kuomintang and acting chairman of Henan Province.
After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the reserve commander in chief of the first war zone, vice president and President of the military Senate.
Later in the liberation war, he served as the director of the appeasement area of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi. Later, he resolutely abandoned the secret and turned to the light, served as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, and died in 1966.
Profile
Zhang Fang (1886-1966), with the name of Boying, is an old man named Youshi; he was a veteran of the 1911 Revolution and a famous patriot; he was born in Xin'an, Henan Province, and was influenced by Dr. Sun Yat sen in his youth. He abandoned his literature and became a military man, determined to be a republic. In the spring of 1907, he joined the artillery section of Baoding army rapid school, and joined the alliance led by Sun Yat sen in 1908. After graduating from Baoding army rapid school, he was assigned to Zhang Fengxiang Department of Shaanxi new army, and conspired with Zhang Fengxiang to revolt in Xi'an and break away from the control of Qing army. After that, he was appointed as the governor of the East Road expedition. He went out of Tongguan and attacked the Qing army. He won many battles and gained a great reputation.
Yuan Shikai stole the fruits of the 1911 Revolution and regained himself as emperor. Zhang Fang was deeply dissatisfied and refused to cooperate, so he was trapped and imprisoned by Yuan Shikai. Only when Cai E's national defense army succeeded in persuading yuan, Yuan Shikai collapsed, Zhang Fang was released. After Zhang Fang was released from prison, he returned to Shaanxi and organized the Shaanxi Yasukuni army with Yu Youren. Yu Youren was commander in chief and Zhang Fang was deputy commander in chief. Later, he lived in Xin'an hometown. In the 1930s, he served as the commander in chief of the 20th Route Army of the Kuomintang and the acting chairman of Henan Province; when the Anti Japanese war broke out, he was appointed as the reserve commander in chief of the first war zone of the Kuomintang. In 1938, he was transferred to the vice president of the military Senate of the Kuomintang and later the president. In the late period of the liberation war, Chiang Kai Shek appointed Zhang Fang as the director of the appeasement area of Hubei, Henan and Shaanxi, but the national government was dead in name at that time. Looking around at the current situation, Zhang Fang decided to abandon the dark and turn to the light. He led an uprising in Sichuan at the end of 1949, which contributed to the peaceful liberation of Sichuan.
After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Zhang Fang was elected as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). In 1951, at the invitation of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, he went to Beijing to attend a study class organized by the United Front Work Department, and was received by the leaders of the CPC Central Committee, such as Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Zhu de. when Mao Zedong met him, he called him an "old militarist of the Central Plains"; in 1966, he died of illness in Beijing at the age of 80.
Life of the characters
Zhang Fang, whose name is Boying, was born in tiemen Town, Xin'an County, Luoyang, Henan Province in 1886. Because his father was an official in Shaanxi Province, he moved to Shaanxi Province in 1902. He was smart and stubborn when he was young, which was denounced as "rotten wood can not be carved". Refute said: carving rotten wood, also mediocre craftsman. He felt that his country was declining, so he abandoned his culture and went to war.
He joined Shaanxi Army primary school in 1904, graduated from artillery section of Baoding army Accelerated School in the late Qing Dynasty, and joined the Chinese League in 1908. After graduation in August 1909, he was assigned to Zhang Fengdan Department of Shaanxi new army. He served as platoon leader of artillery team of Shaanxi army mixed Association (i.e. Shaanxi new army), and was promoted to team Officer (company commander). He established a military research society in Xi'an with Qian Ding and Dang Zixin. Zhang Fang was the main leader of the revolutionary party in the new army.
On October 29th, the leaders of Xi'an Revolutionary Alliance and Xi'an Revolutionary Alliance were encouraged to join in the uprising. Because of the sudden change of the situation, Zhang Fang and Qian Ding agreed to hold the uprising ahead of time and asked Zhang Fengdan to be the commander in chief of the uprising in Xi'an.
Zhang Fang led a small number of rebel troops to sneak into the Forbidden City and ignite the powder magazine, causing a scuffle situation. In the scuffle, he killed all the nobles in the Qing Dynasty and signaled Zhang Fengfu's troops to invade the Forbidden City. After the establishment of the Qin longfu Han military government, Zhang Fang was in charge of the military command office. Soon after, Qian Ding, the deputy commander of the Qin longfu Han Army, was killed in Weinan. The military government appointed Zhang Fang as the governor of the eastern expedition of the Qin longfu Han army The Qing army fought fiercely. Compared with the Qing army, there was a great disparity in military strength and poor weaponry. Tongguan lost three times and gained three. Zhang Fang made every effort to lead his troops to defend the east gate of Shaanxi, and became a famous general of the 1911 Revolution in Shaanxi.
In January 1912, after the founding of the Republic of China, Zhang Fang served as the commander of the second Shaanxi Army division. In June 1914, he served as the garrison envoy of Southern Shaanxi. During the "second revolution" and later the Beijing government sent troops to "encircle and suppress" the Bai Lang uprising, Zhang Fang was ordered to invade Sichuan and southern Shaanxi and held a negative attitude, which was taboo by Yuan Shikai. In 1915, he went to military power and transferred Beijing to join the army.
During the national defense war, he sent people to contact Yu Youren and Chen Qimei to fight against yuan, and Sun Yat Sen appointed him commander in chief of the Shaanxi Henan united forces of the Chinese revolutionary army. He instigated Chen Shufan and Liu Zhenhua to fight against yuan. He also organized to fight against yuan in the name of organizing Henan militia. Zhang was detained in Beijing because of Liu Zhenhua's information. When Cai E's national defense army succeeded in fighting yuan, Yuan Shikai collapsed and Zhang Fang was released; when Zhang Xun was restored in 1917, President Li Yuanhong ordered all provinces to send troops to fight against him. Zhang served as the commander of the first detachment of the Shaanxi rebel army and set up the headquarters in Tongguan. Zhang Xun's restoration soon failed. Zhang Xun withdrew his headquarters and returned to Xi'an. Because of Chen Shufan's attack and suspicion, he left Shaanxi and stayed in Tianjin and Beijing.
In 1918, when Sun Yat Sen launched a movement to protect the law against the northern warlords, Zhang Fang returned to Shaanxi at the invitation of Hu Jingyi and Cao Shiying, and organized the Yasukuni army with Mr. Yuan Yuyou Ren of the Kuomintang. In mid August, he arrived in Sanyuan and was elected as the deputy commander in chief of the "Yasukuni army" in Shaanxi, leading the army to resist the autocratic rule of the Northern Warlords and their agents in Shaanxi.
In the autumn of 1921, when the Yasukuni army in Shaanxi was facing disintegration, Zhang returned to Xin'an, Henan Province to mourn for his father's death. During his stay in his hometown, he supported the local cultural and educational undertakings, founded Zhangfang tiemen primary school, aided Xin'an County to set up the Bureau of renewal of county annals, and established Shaanxi Guanyintang Minsheng coal mine company with his friend Wang Guangqing to mine Guanyintang coal mine and develop the local economy.
In February 1924, he was appointed as "general luewei" by the Beijing government; in June 1923, Kang Youwei visited Luoyang at the invitation of Wu Peifu, and Wu Peifu asked Zhang to accompany him; in the winter of 1924 and the spring of 1925, Liu Zhenhua opposed Hu Jingyi's supervision of Henan, with sharp contradictions. Zhang had friendship with Hu and Liu, so he was invited by them to mediate, but it didn't work. When the war broke out between Hu (Jingyi) and Han (Yukun), Zhang went to the front to mediate, and almost died.
In 1925, at the appointment of Yu Youren, he went to Beijing to help Feng Yuxiang cooperate with the Guangdong national government; after the Zhilu allied forces entered Beijing, they searched for the Kuomintang, and Zhang returned to Henan to plan for the northern expedition. In the spring of 1927, Yu Youren and Feng Yuxiang arrived in Shaanxi to participate in the northern expedition. In May of the same year, he arrived in Henan with Feng Yuxiang's second group army of the national revolutionary army.
In the autumn of 1928, the Nanjing government appointed Zhang Fang as director of the Department of construction of Henan Province and chairman of the provincial Relief Committee. According to the actual situation of Henan Province, he proposed to renovate the river course and build water conservancy, set up a water conservancy bureau, and raised funds from all sides. He founded a special school of water conservancy engineering in Henan Province (now Yellow River Water Conservancy Vocational and Technical College) to cultivate water conservancy talents.
During the period of Jiang Feng's war, he participated in the activities of plotting against Han Fugui, and then separated from the northwest army; during the Central Plains war, Jiang Feng and his two sides were in a stalemate, and the northwest army's dagger team and cavalry division threatened Jiang's army greatly. In the face of the northwest army, which could not be hit by guns, Chiang Kai Shek adopted the policy of silver and meat bullets. Zhang Fang was ordered to disintegrate Feng Yuxiang's troops as chairman of Henan provincial government and commander-in-chief of the 20th route of the rebel army. Feng knew sun dianying's troops as soon as he arrived. Feng dianfa asks sun to shoot Zhang Fang on the spot. Jiang learns that he has sent a telegram to sun asking 100000 yuan to redeem Zhang Fang. Feng zaidian, shoot Zhang Fang for 200000. Zhang Fang's head quickly rose to 600000 when both sides raised the price. After all, Chiang Kai Shek had more money to keep Zhang Fang. Zhang Fang called the wind and rain in Feng's army and made great efforts to attract 100000 people from Ji Hongchang, Wan Xuancai and Liu Zhenhua to join in Chiang Kai Shek. Feng Yuxiang was defeated. Zhang Fang's 20th Route Army once expanded to eight divisions.
In August 1930, Chiang Kai Shek announced that Liu Zhi was the president of Henan Province and Zhang Fang was the director of the Department of civil affairs of Henan Province. The reason was that Zhang Fang's Department was all new caretakers, such as Lvlin and swordsmen, which was hard to convince the public. Zhang Fang reorganized his headquarters into six brigades of the army's 75th and 76th divisions, and educated these Greenwood heroes into the armed forces of the country. Therefore, he was nicknamed "the old thief head of the Central Plains".
In 1932, he led 50000 troops stationed in Huangchuan to take part in the "encirclement and suppression" of the revolutionary base and the Red Army in Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces. He successively served as the supervisor of Qingxiang in Henan Province, the commander of the first column of the "bandit suppression" army in Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces, and the chairman of the Fushui Committee of the South Henan special region. In 1933, he stationed in Luoyang, and assigned special personnel to search for more than 1000 stone carvings such as Tang Dynasty Epitaphs, which were built in tiemen town in 1935
Chinese PinYin : Zhang Fang
Zhang Fang
