Zhang Xian

Zhang Xian

Zhang Xian (990-1078), a native of Wucheng (now Huzhou, Zhejiang Province), was a native of ziye. Ci poets in the Northern Song Dynasty. The representative of graceful school. Tiansheng eight years (AD 1030) Jinshi. He has successively served as magistrate of Suzhou, magistrate of Wujiang, and judge of Jiahe (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang). In the second year of emperor you's reign (1050), Yan Shu knew that yongxingjun (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) was established as Tongtan. Later, he was known as Yuzhou and Guozhou by wailang. To taste Anlu, so called "Zhang Anlu". In the first year of Zhiping (1064), he became an official in the capital of Shangshu. In the first year of Yuanfeng, he died of illness at the age of 88.

Zhang Xian was "able to write poetry and Yuefu until he was old" (Volume II of Shi Lin Shi Hua). The content of his ci mostly reflects the poetry and wine life of the literati and the love between men and women, and also reflects the urban social life.

brief account of the author's life

Zhang Wei, the father of Zhang Xian, is fond of reading and enjoys singing poems.

Zhang Xian became a scholar in 1030.

The first year of Mingdao (1032) was Suzhou.

In the first year of Kangding (1040), Wujiang county was known as a secretary. The next year, he was a magistrate of Jiahe (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang).

In the second year of Huangyou (1050), Yan Shu knew that yongxingjun (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) was established as Tongtan.

In four years, he knew Yuzhou as a member of Tuntian county.

Jiayou four years (1059), know Guozhou. To taste Anlu, so called "Zhang Anlu".

In the first year of Zhiping (1064), he became an official in Shangshu city. After that, he often traveled between Hangzhou and Wuxing to amuse himself by fishing and writing poems. He also made friends with famous people such as Zhao Gu, Su Shi, Cai Xiang, Zheng Yu, Li Chang, Mei Yaochen and so on.

Yuanfeng died of illness in the first year, eighty-eight years old.

There is no biography in the history of the Song Dynasty, and it is recorded in volume two and six of the wings of the history of the Song Dynasty. He is the author of Zhang ziye's Ci (an Anlu CI), and has more than 180 poems.

literature

Zhang Xian was "able to write poetry and Yuefu until he was old" (Volume II of Shi Lin Shi Hua). The content of his ci mostly reflects the poetry and wine life of the literati and the love between men and women, and also reflects the urban social life. He entertained himself by climbing mountains and facing rivers and creating poems. Ci is as famous as Liu Yong. He is good at Xiaoling and also makes slow CI. His Ci is implicit, skillful and full-bodied. Most of the subjects are men's love and women's love, Acacia and parting, or reflect the leisure life of feudal literati. Some fresh, deep and euphemistic little words are very emotional. In a cluster of flowers, there is a sentence that "deep hatred and careful thinking is not as good as peach and apricot, but better to marry Dongfeng". It is novel and interesting. It can be said that it depicts the psychological activities of girls' resentment. It is very delicate and vivid, so it has the nickname of "peach and apricot marry Dongfeng doctor". He Shang's comment on this word is particularly unreasonable and wonderful. His poems were also famous at that time.

His ci had a great influence in the history of graceful CI in Song Dynasty. He was a hero in the transition from Xiaoling to manci. One of the important artistic features of Zhang Xian's Ci is that he is good at expressing a kind of hazy beauty with skillful writing. He is famous for his use of the word "shadow". Song Qi highly praised his "clouds breaking the moon to make shadows with flowers" in tianxianzi, and called it "cloud breaking the moon to make shadows with flowers" as a doctor (the 37th quotation of tunzhai XianLan in the first volume of yuyinconghua in Tiaoxi). Chen tingzhuo, a theorist of Ci Poetry in the late Qing Dynasty, commented on Zhang ziye's Ci Poetry: "the talent is not big, but the emotion is more than enough. It is different from the Qin, Liu, Yan and Ou schools. It is necessary to have such a school in the field of Ci poetry." (CI Tan Cong Hua)

Chen tingzhuo also said: "Zhang ziye's Ci is a great change from ancient times to modern times. The former is Yan, ou, Wei, Wen, although the body segment, voice and color is not open. Later, they were Qin and Liu, Su and Xin, Meicheng (Zhou Bangyan) and Baishi (Jiang Kui). They carried forward their efforts, and the gas Bureau was new, but the ancient meaning gradually lost. Ziye is suitable for it. There are some implicitness and some overtones. But the implication is not like Wen and Wei, and the hair is not like Haosu greasy willow. Although the scale is narrow, the gas grid is nearly ancient. For a thousand years since ziye's birth, the wind of Wen and Wei has stopped. It also makes me think about my son. " (Bai Yu Zhai CI Hua) properly points out Zhang Xian's position in the history of CI.

Anecdotes of characters

The origin of nickname

Zhang Xian, a poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, was praised for his excellent poems. It is said in the book of ancient and Modern Poetry: "a guest called ziye said:" everyone is Gongzhang Sanzhong, that is, things in the heart, tears in the eyes, and people in the heart. " Ziye said, "why not call it Zhang Sanying?" I don't know. Gongyue said: "clouds break through the moon to make shadows of flowers", "soft and lazy, curtains roll up the shadows of flowers" and "there is no one in the willow path, and there is no shadow in the falling catkins." Later, people called him "Zhang Sanying".

Zhang Xianchu is known as "Zhang Sanzhong" for his words of "things in the heart, tears in the eyes, and people in the heart". Zhang Xian said to people: "why not call it" Zhang Sanying ', "clouds break the moon to make the Flower Shadow"; "soft and lazy, curtain rolls the Flower Shadow"; "soft willow shakes, falling light catkins without shadow" are all my proud words. " So people call it "Zhang Sanying".

Private nun

It is said that when Zhang Xian was young, he had a good relationship with a little nun, but the old nun in the nunnery was very strict and shut her up in the attic of an island in the pond. In order to meet each other, Zhang Xian rowed secretly in the dead of night. The little nun quietly put down the ladder and asked Zhang Xian to go upstairs. The latter two were forced to break up. When they left, Zhang Xian was deeply attached to them, so he wrote down the meaning of a cluster of flowers.

Concubines for the elderly

Zhang Xian enjoyed wealth and wealth in his life. He had a lot of good stories. Su Shi, a good friend, presented his life with a poem "the poet is gone, the Yingying is here, the young master is back, and the Yanyan is busy". It is said that at the age of 80, Zhang Xian still married an 18-year-old woman as his concubine. At a family dinner, Zhang Xian wrote a poem: "I am eighty years old, Qing is eighteen, Qing is a beauty, I have white hair. And Qing reversed this same Geng, only separated by the middle of a Huajia Su Shi also attached an impromptu song: "18 brides, 80 Lang, grey hair on red makeup. The mandarin ducks are in the quilt for two nights, and a pear flower presses a Begonia. " Later, the concubine gave birth to two men and two women for him in eight years. There are ten sons and two daughters in Zhang Xian's life. There is a difference of 60 years between the oldest son and the youngest daughter.

Official prostitutes ask for ci

Zhang Xian lived in Hangzhou as an old man. He mostly wrote CI for government prostitutes, but ignored long Liang, who was also a government prostitute. So long Liang wrote a poem to Zhang Xian: "the sky and the flowers are thousands of flowers, but there is no color to boast about. Peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony, peony Zhang Xian then made a double tune "looking south of the Yangtze River" as a gift: "brothel banquet, beautiful women recommend Yao cup. A full moon on the Baiyun River drags the tide of night. The characters are mistaken for Yaotai. Get drunk and brush your cheeks. Flattery is no longer pink, but red is better than snow cage plum. "Dust outside the scale."

The elegant name given by Ou Gong

Zhang Xian had another nickname, which was given by Ouyang Xiu. According to fan Gongcheng's Guo Ting Lu: "ziye's Yi Cong Hua Ling was very popular at that time. Yongshu (Ouyang Xiu) especially loved it. He hated that he didn't know him. Ziye's family was in the south. As a result, he visited Yongshu, the holy capital. Hearing this, Yongshu said, "this is the doctor who married peach and apricot to Dongfeng.".

Representative works

Poetry

【

Xixi wuxiangyuan

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The stagnant water is empty, and the upper and lower parts are clear. Several houses are quiet, and the bank is flat.

Duckweed broken to see the shadow of the mountain, the boat back when the grass sound.

If you go into monk Guo and look for the dust, people crossing the bridge seem to learn from China.

With the temporary rain to add autumn, don't let the reeds hinder the moon.

Ci works

【

Acacia: pingmanxi

】

Pingman river. Willows around the bank. Seeing off the pedestrians, the river flows to the West. Back when the long low.

It's a lot of smoke. The wind is sad. Lean on the door of Zhu again to hear the horse hiss. The cold gulls fly relative.

【

Double butterfly embroidered skirt

】

Double butterfly embroidered skirt, East Pool banquet, meet for the first time. The vermilion powder is not deep and even, the idle flower is light and spring.

If you look closely at all the good places, people are humane, and Liu's waist is good. Yesterday, the mountains were in confusion, and when they came, they were covered with clouds.

【

Drunken whip for Pipa Niang, 12 years old]

Vermilion powder does not need to be applied, the flower branch is small. Spring preference. It's more beautiful than clothes. Light red fog hanging.

Pipa, gold and Phoenix. Double weight. Tired eyebrows low. The wood pecking is slow. Wasps fly on flowers.

【

Silk-Washing Stream

·The building is 100 feet high by the spring river

】

The building is a hundred feet high on the Chunjiang River, but it has not returned to the radius in the smoke?

The flowers are flying, the wind is flying and the butterflies are flying. The willow is under the horizontal bridge. The day is long and the night is long.

【

Meeting in front of flowers and under the moon

】

I'll meet you for a while. Bitterness and hatred prevent calm. What's more, when I wake up, my dream is broken, and the moon is dim.

Endless flowers, endless months. Two hearts are the same. At this time willing to do, willow thousand silk, trip to cause spring breeze.

【

Magnolia flower with reduced characters

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Hang the snail close to the forehead, walk on the red carpet and take advantage of the photo. I'm afraid to fly lightly, but I'm afraid I'll make a fuss.

Wen Yuan embroidered shoes, like Yang Hua dust can not afford. Dance through "Yizhou", the Palace Flower on the head is still shaking.

【

Geng Liuzi, a red banquet

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Jinyanhong, luomucui. She is a beautiful lady. Fifteen six, Xie Liancai. A deep drink.

Dai Mei is long and Tan Kou is small. Ear to the people light way. Liu Yinqu is my son's home. Red apricot flowers in front of the door.

【

Lotus seed painting Hall

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The lotus seeds in the outer lake are long and uneven, and the gulls fly in the green mountain. The water and the sky melt, the painting is far behind, and the human shadow moves in the middle.

Peach leaf light voice double sing, apricot red dark light clothes. Xiaohe's face avoids the slanting light, and he gets the green shade.

【

Bodhisattva: Yilang's return to the upper floor

】

Yilang is still on the upper floor. The grass in front of the building is green every year. It's as green as a robe. Back wind sleeves floating.

Lang's robe should be old. Color doesn't last. Cherish the spring in the mirror. It's not as fresh as flowers.

[Bodhisattva · Zhonglu palace]

I heard people saying the word Xianqing. Anger and hate need to be happy. Not to mention the long grass. Before drinking, we should drink together.

Delicate fragrance makes a treasure account. The moon is on the pear flower. Two people know what's on their mind. Cover the lamp and the curtain.

[Bodhisattva · Zhonglu palace]

It's too late at night to see a toad in spring. It is more emotional flying chaos, green screen moving wind

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Xian