Xu Han

Xu Han

Xu Han, whose family name is Pangu Xiaolu, was born in 1797 and died in 1866. In Qing Dynasty, he was an outstanding scholar of PU, collation, epigraphy, local records and great calligrapher. His calligraphy respects the face style, which is rich, dignified and vigorous. Xu Han's calligraphy stele preserved on the West peak of Dengshan mountain is a masterpiece of his calligraphy achievements. Its content is a record of Yang Jisheng's poems in the Ming Dynasty: "I admire you for being Wang Jiarui, but I am ashamed to be a minister of food and salary. It's not that I have not paid for my country's hatred, but that I would like to be a neighbor in the East. " The whole monument is 1.5 meters high and 0.6 meters wide. It is erected by Ding Liangshan, Xu Han's best friend.

Character experience

Youth Study

Xu Han's great grandfather taboo heavy line, too students. Ancestor taboo Ben, Xiang Sheng. Father taboo to and, word GengTang, word Suzhai. Less bitter and poor, like reading, enjoy Mu Du Yan long, hand a volume, recite books Fu stop. One day, when he lost his cow, his family became angry. As a result, he went to bed early and got up early. His neighbors worked at night, waiting for the sound of books. After that, Zhi He Gong Yu Xiang abandoned the imperial examination for the sake of his family's health. He was good at ancient books and was diligent. He wrote the book "Shuo Shi Xu Xu" and "Xue Yong Zong Yi". It is known that zhihegong's learning comes from hard study, which is practical learning. It's not like ordinary people in the river and lake. It can be compared with those who steal false voice and have no foundation in learning. At the age of seven, he went out with his father to the residence of Zhihe. When he was a scholar, he became more and more prolific. His farmland increased slightly, and his life was a little happy. Soon after his mother's death, his uncle died. Two years later, his father married sun and gave birth to his younger brothers Xu Xu, Xu Jun, Xu Lian and Xu Zhen. His index fingers were numerous and his family was poor as before. Xu Han was 17 years old and married Su family. He entered the county school in the same year. The next year was a good year. Jiaqing 20 years (1815), Han 19 years, supplement state student members, to specialize in Xu Zheng, known by the school administrator Wang Yinzhi. He still attends to his father and listens to his teachings. Rizhao is 800 li away from Jinan. Zhihegong takes the exam and goes back and forth on foot. He climbs the cliff to find Ge and recites on the road. According to the "family funeral oration", it is said: "my father is still holding out his tongue when he is 25 years unfilial, or persuading his envoys to leave the house. Father Yun is afraid of being unfilial and letting go. And because of my ancestors' old illness, I can go back to my hometown. In fact, he is unfilial to his children and neglects to rely on them. He is just like a loving mother, and he can't bear to go to all his bosom (Note 4) Lu Tongtong's narration of Mr. Xu Suzhai's 80th birthday says: "for decades, domestic negotiators have known that there is a school of Xu's Han in shanzuo, but they don't know that it can be built on the occasion of their families." (Note 5) in 1825, he Linghan was selected as a student of Gongsheng for studying politics in Shandong Province. (6) in the same year, he went to Beijing and lived in he Linghan's residence. The brothers of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, and Shaoxing lived there day and night. The next year, he was a national student supervisor. In June, he failed in the imperial examination. In 1827, Li Zhangyu invited GUI Fu to revise Shuowen Jiezi Yizheng, while Wang Yun, Xu Mulian, Yuan Lian, Chen Zongyi and others joined him. In July, Wang Yinzhi was appointed president of wuyingdian. He was ordered to revise Kangxi dictionary, and Xu Han took the test and proofread it. According to the sacrificial essay of the family, "unfilial Han had to be selected. After the imperial examination, he still stayed in the capital, hoping to be an official and be able to raise his salary. My father's ambition is to write a poem, which means that the general of Lu Yang will be arrested. " (Note 7) from the eighth year of Daoguang (1828) to the eleventh year (1831), Kangxi dictionary was compiled in wuyingdian. Because of his deep education and hard work, he was awarded the title of "Zhou Tong". (note 8) the father to He Gong was given to Xiu zhilang; the mother to Cheng and sun were given to Ru. (note 9) during his stay in Beijing, Xu Han visited his school and was educated by the father and son of Wang Niansun and Wang Yin. Wang Yun, Miao Kui, Wang xisun, Gong Zizhen, Zhang Mu, Yu Zhengxie, Wu Shifen, Liu Xihai and Ding Yan were all friendly to each other. His teachers and friends were gradually assimilated, and he emphasized simple learning. Although his salary was small, he still collected four important books, and he had a broad vision of collecting gold and stone wares from ye Zhishen, Xu Song, Liu Xihai, Li Zhangyu, Xu Mulian and Wu Shifen. Zhang Mu's edition of Guisi Lei manuscript (note 10) for Yu Zhengxie has gained popularity in academic circles. Zhang Jiliang's preface to Xu GengTang's 60th birthday says: "Shandong is the hometown of sages. Since Confucius, scholars' friendship literature has not declined for 2000 years. After four years in the capital, I saw that most of the people who came here were straight and beautiful, especially Xu Junqi in Rizhao. Jun Xingyu was born in the same year as Bagong. He was educated in Wuying hall. There were many intellectuals among Gongqing. I have been making friends with you for a long time, but I can't take care of myself very much. (note 11) "preface to longevity" was written for Xu Han's father Zhihe in 1829. It is said that it was recorded in Wuying hall.

Become an official in the prime of life

In 1831, he Linghan took up the post of Zhejiang Xuezheng. In December, Xu Han was sent to Zhejiang by his teacher to proofread his works in Hangzhou. He proofread the song version of ShuoWenJieZi (thirty volumes), copied the ShuoWenJieZi version and the wuyinyun version, and assisted Yan Kejun in proofreading the three ancient dynasties, Qin and Han Dynasties. In the first month of 1833, he Linghan was transferred back to Beijing as the right servant of the Ministry of officials, and he still studied politics from the new position, Chen Yongguang. Living in Hangzhou for several years seems to be the most comfortable time in Xu Han's life. The department faces Wushan, West Lake and Fuhu mountain. Han and the West Lake Jingci Temple presided over the six boat people to receive exchanges, and became close friends. (note 12) on the side of Dingxiang Pavilion, located in the West Garden of Hangzhou Xueshi department, there is a lotus pond in the garden, and the small pavilion in the pond has wings. Ruan Yuan's name is Dingxiang Pavilion, which means "the wind settles the pond and the lotus is fragrant". (note 13) Xu Han identified the famous thing "Shaji" in Mao's poem, and said: "Hanxiang was by the Xiangting Pavilion of Hangzhou Xueshi department, where there were many bamboo trees. In the summer night, the sound of competition, holding the candle to catch the test, one by one like Qiu Yan (note 14) besides he Shaoji and Shaoye brothers, there were Shen Yao (note 15), Wu Tingkang (note 16), Dai Xi (note 17), Yu Zhengxie and Miao Kui. He Shaoji said in his poem: "the family respected Zhejiang studies, especially Zhenpu bachelor. Shen Zi studied geography and Wang Ying identified the clan. When they came to China together, their literary reputation rose day by day. I won't fight with you, but I won't fight with you. Yu is still old and proficient in literary selections. "Miao Weng's six books are poor, and his form and voice are weak. Wine, light, candle and shadow are all in full swing. All of a sudden, the four seats were silent, and Tianni and Daowei mingled. The paper window is bright in the middle of the night, and the door is full of snow. " (note 18) you can imagine the scene of friends gathering together to express their strong points. In his spare time, he Shaoji and he Shaoji bought and visited the secret engravers, searched and developed graphite, and appreciated each other when they got something. How to Shao Jiba's "Shuowen Jiezi in Yingsong edition" says: "I have spoken with brother Yinlin, and am I not able to read it without Li and Xu Shouzhi's" Shuowen "? I think it's true. Sun Keyuan is better than Mao's, and the money is still there. After reading Ye Shijun's manuscript, I found that Mao's manuscript was combined with Mao's to collate the sun's version, and I wanted to meet Zhou Yitang's version of the Song Dynasty. Mao became a big character with many similarities and differences. The original of Mao was gouged out by the axe season, but it was not the old one. In 1832, when he Zizhen was born in Renchen, the 12th year of Daoguang reign, he found that the original of Mao's family had not been gouged out in the Wulin, and he carried it with him like the capital. He compared the similarities and differences between them and sun's version. In addition, Gong Ding'an's copy of Ye's family of Ming Dynasty was copied and proofread. Zhenxing returned to the capital, and he died in the name of Ye's family. When we get together in the future, Han will record it here. On the night of the Qingming Festival, Xu Han was impressed by the forest (note 19) Xu Han and he Shaoji share inkstone with each other in the West Lake, and they are happy in the morning and evening, which is not comparable to those who travel in a laissez faire way. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhejiang has been a gathering place of cultural relics in Southeast China, with rich public and private collections. There are Wenlan Pavilion in Hangzhou and fan Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo. Xu Han studied politics with he Linghan. He had to go to Wenlan pavilion to view Siku Quanshu, which has its own advantages. If you can read books in fan's Tianyi Pavilion in person, it's really a scholar's private admiration. Xu Han's rubbings and postscripts on the stele of Zhao Jun in Han Dynasty says: "the true copy of the stele of Zhao Ming was written to fan's Tianyi Pavilion in Xiangguan county. There are several copies, though half vague, which are hidden in the calligraphy, while the Yu Bo is beyond the Chu mo." (note 20) it is known that he once ascended fan's Tianyi Pavilion in Ningbo. Tianyi Pavilion, located in the west of Yuehu Lake in Ningbo, is fan Qinzhi's private library in Ming Dynasty. Fan Qin (1505-1585), the word Yaoqing, the word Anqing, the name Dongming. He is from Yinxian County, Zhejiang Province. In 1532, he became a Jinshi and served as the right servant of the Ministry of war. Li official Jiangxi, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan all over the country, like to buy the old version. After resigning, he returned to his hometown and built a library between 1561 and 1566. The book building is a two-story brick and wood structure building with six rooms in a row. It faces south and has windows in front and back for ventilation and moisture-proof. On the upper floor, there is a big office, which is divided into six rooms by a wall. In the middle of the room, there is a plaque of "Shi Shu Lou" written by Wang Yuanxiang, the governor of Longqing in 1571. There are six rooms downstairs. A pool was chiseled in front of the book building, and a piece of stone was obtained when digging the earth, which was engraved with the six characters of "tianyichi in Longhushan". Because of the saying in the annotation to the book of changes by Zheng Xuan of Han Dynasty that "tianyishui is sixty percent of the pool", the layout of the book building was consistent with that of the sages. In 1665, fan Guangwen, the great grandson of Fan Qin, built rockeries, bridges and pavilions around the library, planted flowers and bamboos, and diverted water into the pond to raise fish, which is quite beautiful as a river garden. (note 21) Tianyige has a large collection of books, especially in the Ming Dynasty. Most of them are local records, political records and poetry collections of Ming Dynasty. Because fan's clan rules strictly abide by the "Tianyi Pavilion Convention on banning books", it is difficult for outsiders to go to the pavilion to view books. There are occasional exceptions, such as Huang Zongxi in the early Qing Dynasty in the 12th year of Kangxi (1673). Since then, only Xu Qianxue, Wan Sitong, Quan Zuwang, Ruan Yuan and other great scholars have ascended the cabinet. Xu Han ascended the pavilion before he died. (note 22) if you read the only edition of Mingyu, you should be worthy of studying in the south. autumn of the 14th year of Daoguang (1834), since Hangzhou

Chinese PinYin : Xu Han